single-cell atlas
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Since a detailed inventory of endothelial cell (EC) heterogeneity in breast cancer (BC) is lacking, here we perform single cell RNA-sequencing of 26,515 cells (including 8433 ECs) from 9 BC patients and compare them to published EC taxonomies from lung tumors. Angiogenic ECs are phenotypically similar, while other EC subtypes are different. Predictive interactome analysis reveals known but also previously unreported receptor-ligand interactions between ECs and immune cells, suggesting an involvement of breast EC subtypes in immune responses. We also identify a capillary EC subtype (LIPEC (Lipid Processing EC)), which expresses genes involved in lipid processing that are regulated by PPAR-γ and is more abundant in peri-tumoral breast tissue. Retrospective analysis of 4648 BC patients reveals that treatment with metformin (an indirect PPAR-γ signaling activator) provides long-lasting clinical benefit and is positively associated with LIPEC abundance. Our findings warrant further exploration of this LIPEC/PPAR-γ link for BC treatment.
- MeSH
- endoteliální buňky patologie MeSH
- imunita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ligandy MeSH
- lipidy MeSH
- metformin * farmakologie MeSH
- nádory prsu * patologie MeSH
- PPAR gama genetika MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- RNA MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
... -- Genetic Determination of Embryonic Axes and Segments 10 -- Segmentation and Segment Fates 11 -- Cell ... ... Adhesion and Cell Migration 12 -- Cell Differentiation and Cell Fates 13 -- Growth Factors 14 -- Classification ... ... - Formation of the Heart Tube -- Formation of the Left and Right Heart Tubes 94 -- Formation of a Single ... ... Mesenchymal Primordia at 5 and 6 Weeks 188 -- Ossification of the Vertebral Column 189 -- Development of the Atlas ... ... , Axis, Ribs, and Sternum 190 -- Bone Cells and Bone Deposition 191 -- Histology of Bone 192 -- Membrane ...
Updated ed. xx, 267 s. : il. ; 28 cm
- MeSH
- embryologie MeSH
- embryonální struktury anatomie a histologie MeSH
- plod anatomie a histologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- atlasy MeSH
- Konspekt
- Anatomie člověka a srovnávací anatomie
- NLK Obory
- anatomie
- embryologie a teratologie
2nd ed. 134 s. : obr., tab., přeruš. bibl.
- Klíčová slova
- ústrojí pohlavní ženské - diagnostika cytologická - atlasy, diagnostika cytologická - gynekologie - atlasy,
- Publikační typ
- atlasy MeSH
The choroid plexus (ChP) in each brain ventricle produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and forms the blood-CSF barrier. Here, we construct a single-cell and spatial atlas of each ChP in the developing, adult, and aged mouse brain. We delineate diverse cell types, subtypes, cell states, and expression programs in epithelial and mesenchymal cells across ages and ventricles. In the developing ChP, we predict a common progenitor pool for epithelial and neuronal cells, validated by lineage tracing. Epithelial and fibroblast cells show regionalized expression by ventricle, starting at embryonic stages and persisting with age, with a dramatic transcriptional shift with maturation, and a smaller shift in each aged cell type. With aging, epithelial cells upregulate host-defense programs, and resident macrophages upregulate interleukin-1β (IL-1β) signaling genes. Our atlas reveals cellular diversity, architecture and signaling across ventricles during development, maturation, and aging of the ChP-brain barrier.
- MeSH
- analýza jednotlivých buněk MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace genetika MeSH
- buněčný rodokmen genetika MeSH
- epitelové buňky metabolismus MeSH
- hematoencefalická bariéra metabolismus MeSH
- mozek metabolismus fyziologie MeSH
- myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
- myši embryologie MeSH
- nemoci mozku genetika patofyziologie MeSH
- plexus chorioideus embryologie metabolismus fyziologie MeSH
- signální transdukce MeSH
- stárnutí fyziologie MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši embryologie MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
Eurobook bilingual
3. Aufl. 275 s. : bar. fot., tab. ; 25 cm
Cytology is an essential part of gynaecologic diagnosis. This bilingual atlas shows typical cellular pictures of the most important pathologic conditions. The malignant and premalignant lesions of the squamous epithelium with their inflammatory, degenerative and regenerative alterations, as well as the increasingly important changes of the glandular epithelium are described. Each colour picture is combined with an explanatory schematic drawing for identification of single cells or cell elements. This bilingual edition is based on the latest developments in gynaecologic cytology - text and references are completely revised, several figures have been exchanged or supplemented for better explanations, and the new chapter on papilloma virus infection of the female genitals has been added. However, the proven systematic structure and didactic principle have not been changed. This bilingual edition has the advantage of giving the English terminology next to the correct German nomenclature, thus alleviating the interpretation of international reports and literature.
We lack a holistic understanding of the genetic programs orchestrating embryonic colon morphogenesis and governing damage response in the adult. A window into these programs is the transcriptomes of the epithelial and mesenchymal cell populations in the colon. Performing unbiased single-cell transcriptomic analyses of the developing mouse colon at different embryonic stages (embryonic day 14.5 [E14.5], E15.5, and E18.5), we capture cellular and molecular profiles of the stages before, during, and after the appearance of crypt structures, as well as in a model of adult colitis. The data suggest most adult lineages are established by E18.5. We find embryonic-specific gene expression profiles and cell populations that reappear in response to tissue damage. Comparison of the datasets from mice and human colitis suggests the processes are conserved. In this study, we provide a comprehensive single-cell atlas of the developing mouse colon and evidence for the reactivation of embryonic genes in disease.
- MeSH
- analýza jednotlivých buněk MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace MeSH
- embryo savčí metabolismus MeSH
- idiopatické střevní záněty genetika patologie MeSH
- kolitida genetika MeSH
- kolon embryologie patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezoderm embryologie MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese * MeSH
- střevní sliznice embryologie metabolismus patologie MeSH
- vývojová regulace genové exprese MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Despite recent progress in recognizing the importance of mesenchymal cells for the homeostasis of the intestinal system, the current picture of how these cells communicate with the associated epithelial layer remains unclear. To describe the relevant cell populations in an unbiased manner, we carried out a single-cell transcriptome analysis of the adult murine colon, producing a high-quality atlas of matched colonic epithelium and mesenchyme. We identify two crypt-associated colonic fibroblast populations that are demarcated by different strengths of platelet-derived growth factor receptor A (Pdgfra) expression. Crypt-bottom fibroblasts (CBFs), close to the intestinal stem cells, express low levels of Pdgfra and secrete canonical Wnt ligands, Wnt potentiators, and bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp) inhibitors. Crypt-top fibroblasts (CTFs) exhibit high Pdgfra levels and secrete noncanonical Wnts and Bmp ligands. While the Pdgfralow cells maintain intestinal stem cell proliferation, the Pdgfrahigh cells induce differentiation of the epithelial cells. Our findings enhance our understanding of the crosstalk between various colonic epithelial cells and their associated mesenchymal signaling hubs along the crypt axis-placing differential Pdgfra expression levels in the spotlight of intestinal fibroblast identity.
- MeSH
- analýza jednotlivých buněk metody MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace fyziologie MeSH
- epitelové buňky metabolismus MeSH
- fibroblasty klasifikace metabolismus MeSH
- homeostáza MeSH
- kmenové buňky cytologie MeSH
- kolon metabolismus fyziologie MeSH
- kostní morfogenetické proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- mezoderm cytologie fyziologie MeSH
- myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
- myši MeSH
- proliferace buněk fyziologie MeSH
- signální transdukce MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese metody MeSH
- střeva fyziologie MeSH
- střevní sliznice metabolismus MeSH
- transkriptom genetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) represents the majority of lung cancer cases, comprising approximately 85 % of the total. The five-year survival rate for NSCLC patients remains discouragingly low. Recently, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach. Nevertheless, only a minority of patients experience considerable benefits from these treatments. This highlights the critical need for effective biomarkers that can predict both patient prognosis and response to immunotherapy. CD8+ T cells play a crucial role in cancer immunotherapy. Their presence within tumours is generally indicative of a favourable prognosis and increased efficacy of immunotherapy. This study was undertaken to identify and authenticate a novel biomarker signature based on CD8+ T-cell marker genes, to prognosticate therapeutic responses in individuals afflicted with NSCLC. This in-depth study was based on a total of 1,200 samples, which included four NSCLC specimens analysed through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), 1,000 NSCLC samples obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and 196 NSCLC specimens collected from the GSE37745 cohort. In patients with NSCLC, those presenting a favourable risk profile demonstrated notable elevations in specific immune cells while concurrently exhibiting reductions in other types. CD8+ T cells, with their established role in inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, have emerged as crucial predictors and modulators of treatment strategies for NSCLC patients. The combination of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing has produced a biomarker signature, emphasizing the CD8+ T cells' crucial role in NSCLC prognosis and treatment.
- MeSH
- CD8-pozitivní T-lymfocyty * imunologie MeSH
- imunoterapie * metody MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery MeSH
- nádory plic * imunologie terapie MeSH
- nemalobuněčný karcinom plic * imunologie terapie MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) are nerve-associated progenitors that can generate myelinating and non-myelinating Schwann cells but also are multipotent like the neural crest cells from which they originate. SCPs are omnipresent along outgrowing peripheral nerves throughout the body of vertebrate embryos. By using single-cell transcriptomics to generate a gene expression atlas of the entire neural crest lineage, we show that early SCPs and late migratory crest cells have similar transcriptional profiles characterised by a multipotent "hub" state containing cells biased towards traditional neural crest fates. SCPs keep diverging from the neural crest after being primed towards terminal Schwann cells and other fates, with different subtypes residing in distinct anatomical locations. Functional experiments using CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function further show that knockout of the common "hub" gene Sox8 causes defects in neural crest-derived cells along peripheral nerves by facilitating differentiation of SCPs towards sympathoadrenal fates. Finally, specific tumour populations found in melanoma, neurofibroma and neuroblastoma map to different stages of SCP/Schwann cell development. Overall, SCPs resemble migrating neural crest cells that maintain multipotency and become transcriptionally primed towards distinct lineages.
