Klimatické změny vedou v posledních letech k prodloužení pylové sezóny, respektive k jejímu časnějšímu začátku. Mobilní aplikace umožnují dnes pacientům monitorovat aktuální pylovou situaci, zaznamenávat vlastní klinické obtíže a lépe dodržovat compliance k léčbě. Klinické projevy pylové alergie zahrnují nejčastěji alergickou rhinokonjunktivitidu. V příspěvku zmiňuji zásady symptomatické farmakoterapie alergické rýmy a kauzální léčbu - specifickou alergenovou imunoterapii.

Pollen season lasts longer because of its earlier start due to recent climate changes. Mobile apps enable pollen monitoring, help patients describe their clinical symptoms, and improve compliance with therapy. Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis is the most frequent clinical symptom. This paper provides info about symptomatic pharmacotherapy as well as about causal treatment- about specific allergen immunotherapy.

• MeSH
• alergeny škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• alergie * etiologie   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• antagonisté histaminu H1 terapeutické užití   MeSH
• aplikace intranazální MeSH
• hormony kůry nadledvin terapeutické užití   MeSH
• imunoterapie metody   MeSH
• informatika pro pacienty metody   MeSH
• internet MeSH
• kombinovaná farmakoterapie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mobilní aplikace MeSH
• pyl škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• sezónní alergická rýma * etiologie   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

BACKGROUND: The increasing prevalence of mental health disorders among adolescents highlights the importance of early identification and intervention. Artemis-A is a web-based application of computerised adaptive testing (CAT), originally developed for secondary schools, to quickly and efficiently assess students' mental health. Due to its speed, reliability and accessibility, it may be a valuable tool for healthcare practitioners (HCPs) working with children and young people (CYP) in primary, community and potentially secondary care settings in the future. OBJECTIVE: To explore whether Artemis-A would be a useful, feasible and acceptable tool for HCPs working in primary and community care settings to identify CYP's mental health difficulties. METHODS: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 20 HCPs: 5 general practitioners, 5 Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) staff, 5 school nurses and 5 community paediatricians. Data were analysed using the Framework approach. FINDINGS: HCPs reported that Artemis-A has the potential to enhance mental health assessment and aid overburdened services by providing a quick, patient-centred assessment and monitoring mechanism. Benefits of the app include facilitating earlier intervention and appropriate referrals. However, some concerns emerged about safety netting and the way Artemis-A presents its information. Responsibilities for ensuring care continuity also require careful clarification. CONCLUSIONS: With proper protocols and integration, Artemis-A could prove valuable in supporting HCPs to promptly detect mental health issues in CYP. Further research into optimal implementation is warranted. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: If paired with effective evidence-based interventions, the implementation of Artemis-A could help manage escalating demands in CAMHS.

• MeSH
• diagnóza počítačová MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• duševní poruchy diagnóza   epidemiologie   terapie   MeSH
• duševní zdraví MeSH
• kvalitativní výzkum * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• postoj zdravotnického personálu MeSH
• primární zdravotní péče * MeSH
• služby péče o duševní zdraví MeSH
• studie proveditelnosti * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Spojené království MeSH

BACKGROUND: Managing type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents can be difficult for parents, health care professionals, and even patients. However, over the last decades, the quality of services provided to patients with diabetes has increased due to advances in IT. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to comprehensively document the range of IT tools used in the management of diabetes among children and adolescents, with a focus on identifying the technologies most commonly used based on their frequency. In addition, the study aims to explore relevant methodologies for developing diabetes technology and provide valuable information to developers by delineating essential phases of the design process. METHODS: The literature search was focused on MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, and Google Scholar for relevant studies. Keywords such as "type 1 diabetes," "adolescents," "kids," "mHealth," "children," and "coaching" were combined using Boolean operators. The inclusion criteria were open access, English-language papers published between 2012 and 2023 focusing on patients younger than 18 years and aligned with our research goal. The exclusion criteria included irrelevant topics and papers older than 18 years. By applying the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method, 2080 studies were recognized, and after selection, 33 papers were agreed upon between the researchers. RESULTS: Four primary categories were defined: types of IT, methodology identification, purpose identification, and feature determination. Among these, mobile health (mHealth) apps emerged as the predominant type of information, garnering 27 mentions. In particular, user-centered design was identified as the most prevalent methodology, cited 22 times. The primary purpose of self-monitoring blood glucose values was mentioned 20 times, while patient education was the highest among common characteristics, with 23 mentions. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our research, we advocate for developers to focus on creating an mHealth app that integrates gamification techniques to develop innovative diabetes management solutions. This app should include vital functionalities such as blood glucose monitoring, strategies to improve hemoglobin A1c levels, carbohydrate tracking, and comprehensive educational materials for patients and caregivers. By prioritizing these features, developers can enhance the usability and effectiveness of the technology, thereby better supporting children or adolescents with diabetes in their daily management endeavors.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders, with type 2 DM being the most common form. It ranks as the sixth-leading cause of death worldwide, yet medication adherence and self-care remain low. Given that knowledge significantly influences these outcomes, this paper aims to evaluate the effect of mobile phone-assisted health education programs on patients with type 2 DM. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCOhost, employing keywords relevant to the research topic. The research question was structured using the PICOS framework: (1) Population: patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; (2) Intervention: health education via mobile phone; (3) Comparison: conventional health education; (4) Outcome: diabetes self-management, glycemic control, and medication adherence; (5) Study design: randomized controlled trials. Results: The search identified approximately 678 articles discussing health education interventions using mobile phones. After a thorough screening process, 10 articles met the inclusion criteria. The findings suggest that mobile phone-based education interventions can enhance adherence to diabetes self-management, improve glycemic control, and positively impact clinical parameters such as lipid levels, body mass index, blood pressure, and medication adherence. Conclusion: Health education interventions delivered by healthcare professionals through mobile phones can significantly improve self-care management and prevent complications in patients with type 2 diabetes who maintain controlled blood glucose levels.

• MeSH
• adherence pacienta MeSH
• chytrý telefon MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mobilní aplikace MeSH
• self-management MeSH
• telemedicína MeSH
• vzdělávání pacientů jako téma MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• systematický přehled MeSH

BACKGROUND: The BCR::ABL1 is a hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and is also found in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Most genomic breaks on the BCR side occur in two regions - Major and minor - leading to p210 and p190 fusion proteins, respectively. METHODS: By multiplex long-distance PCR or next-generation sequencing technology we characterized the BCR::ABL1 genomic fusion in 971 patients (adults and children, with CML and ALL: pediatric ALL: n = 353; pediatric CML: n = 197; adult ALL: n = 166; adult CML: n = 255 patients) and designed "Break-App" web tool to allow visualization and various analyses of the breakpoints. Pearson's Chi-Squared test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and logistic regression were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: Detailed analysis showed a non-random distribution of breaks in both BCR regions, whereas ABL1 breaks were distributed more evenly. However, we found a significant difference in the distribution of breaks between CML and ALL. We found no association of breakpoints with any type of interspersed repeats or DNA motifs. With a few exceptions, the primary structure of the fusions suggests non-homologous end joining being responsible for the BCR and ABL1 gene fusions. Analysis of reciprocal ABL1::BCR fusions in 453 patients showed mostly balanced translocations without major deletions or duplications. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our data suggest that physical colocalization and chromatin accessibility, which change with the developmental stage of the cell (hence the difference between ALL and CML), are more critical factors influencing breakpoint localization than presence of specific DNA motifs.

• MeSH
• akutní lymfatická leukemie * genetika   patologie   MeSH
• bcr-abl fúzní proteiny * genetika   MeSH
• body zlomu chromozomu * MeSH
• chronická myeloidní leukemie * genetika   patologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• dopisy MeSH

INTRODUCTION: eHealth seems promising in addressing challenges in the provision of care for Huntington's disease (HD) across Europe. By harnessing information and communication technologies, eHealth can partially relocate care from specialized centers to the patients' home, thereby increasing the availability and accessibility of specialty care services beyond regional borders. Previous research on eHealth (development) in HD is however limited, especially when it comes to including eHealth services specifically designed together with HD gene expansion carriers (HDGECs) and their partners to fit their needs and expectations. METHODS: This article describes the qualitative human-centered design process and first evaluations of the Huntington Support App prototype: a web-app aimed to support the quality of life (QoL) of HDGECs and their partners in Europe. Prospective end-users, i.e., HDGECs, their partners, and healthcare providers (HCPs), from different countries were involved throughout the development process. Through interviews, we captured people's experiences with the disease, quality of life (QoL), and eHealth. We translated their stories into design directions that were further co-designed and subsequently evaluated with the user groups. RESULTS: The resulting prototype centralizes clear and reliable information on the disease, HD-related news and events, as well as direct contact possibilities with HCPs via an online walk-in hour or by scheduling an appointment. The app's prototype was positively received and rated as (very) appealing, pleasant, easy to use and helpful by both HDGECs and partners. DISCUSSION: By involving end-users in every step, we developed a healthcare app that meets relevant needs of individuals affected by HD and therefore may lead to high adoption and retention rates. As a result, the app provides low-threshold access to reliable information and specialized care for HD in Europe. A description of the Huntington Support App as well as implications for further development of the app's prototype are provided.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Východiska: Mobilní aplikace MOÚ MindCare má za sebou první rok fungování na Masarykově onkologickém ústavu (MOÚ) v rámci randomizované kontrolované studie hodnotící její efektivitu. Cílem příspěvku je shrnout první výsledky vyplývající z procesu náboru pacientů a poukázat na úskalí implementace eHealth programu na podporu duševního zdraví do běžné praxe. Metody: Nábor pacientů do studie MOÚ MindCare probíhá na MOÚ od června roku 2022. Cesty náboru jsou tvořeny z několika úrovní. V rámci mediální propagace byly zvoleny následující komunikační kanály: reklamní bannery v čekárnách, podcasty a rozhlasové vysílaní, webové stránky, sociální sítě a cca 5 000 ks letáků. Druhou úrovní komunikace je aktivní oslovování pacientů studiovými koordinátory přímo na MOÚ. K 30. červnu 2023 bylo do studie zaregistrováno celkem 408 pacientů. Součástí sběru dat je zaznamenávání základních údajů o pacientech (demografické údaje, klinické stadium onemocnění, záměr léčby atp.), ale i důvody odmítnutí vstupu do studie. Stejně tak je sledováno předčasné ukončení v jednotlivých fázích studie. Výsledky: Výsledky naznačují, že pacientky s diagnózou karcinom prsu vykazují vyšší adherenci k účasti ve studii. Nejčastějšími důvody odmítnutí vstupu do studie je: nezájem o psychologickou intervenci, nedostatek času, absence chytrého telefonu nebo nedostatečná technická zdatnost. Z rozhovorů s oslovenými pacienty je zřejmé, že duševní zdraví, a zejména pak vlastní péče o něj, není stále dostatečně srozumitelným tématem, a to i přesto, že velké množství osob léčící se s onkologickou diagnózou zažívá v některé fázi onemocnění distres. Závěr: Z naších prvních zkušeností vyplývá, že způsob náboru, kontext a průběh studie, pohlaví respondentů a také jejich diagnóza mají zásadní vliv na adherenci k programu a drop out ze studie.

Background: The MOÚ MindCare mobile application has completed its first year of operation at the Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute (MMCI) as part of a randomized controlled trial evaluating its effectiveness. The aim of this contribution is to summarize the first results stemming from the patient recruitment process and to highlight the challenges of implementing an eHealth program to support mental health in routine practice. Methods: Patient recruitment for the MOÚ MindCare study has been conducted at the MMCI since June 2022. The recruitment strategies involve several levels. For media promotion, the following communication channels were chosen: advertising banners in waiting rooms, podcasts, radio broadcasts, websites, social media, and approx. 5,000 leaflets. The second level of communication involves active engagement with patients by study coordinators directly at the MMCI. As of June 30, 2023, a total of 408 patients have been registered in the study. Data collection includes recording basic patient information (demographics, clinical stage of illness, treatment intentions, etc.), as well as reasons for study refusal and premature termination in various study phases. Results: The results show that patients diagnosed with breast cancer show higher adherence to study participation. The most common reasons for study refusal include disinterest in psychological intervention, lack of time, absence of a smartphone, or insufficient technical ability. From conversations with approached patients, it is evident that mental health, particularly self-care, remains an insufficiently comprehensible topic, even though we know that a considerable number of individuals undergoing cancer treatment experience distress at some stage of the illness. Conclusion: Based on our first experiences, recruitment methods, study context, respondents’ gender, and their diagnosis have a significant impact on program adherence and study drop-out rates.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• duševní zdraví MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mobilní aplikace MeSH
• nádory * psychologie   MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• telemedicína * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Amyloid β is considered a key player in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Many studies investigating the effect of statins on lowering cholesterol suggest that there may be a link between cholesterol levels and AD pathology. Since cholesterol is one of the most abundant lipid molecules, especially in brain tissue, it affects most membrane-related processes, including the formation of the most dangerous form of amyloid β, Aβ42. The entire Aβ production system, which includes the amyloid precursor protein (APP), β-secretase, and the complex of γ-secretase, is highly dependent on membrane cholesterol content. Moreover, cholesterol can affect amyloidogenesis in many ways. Cholesterol influences the stability and activity of secretases, but also dictates their partitioning into specific cellular compartments and cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts, where the amyloidogenic machinery is predominantly localized. The most complicated relationships have been found in the interaction between cholesterol and APP, where cholesterol affects not only APP localization but also the precise character of APP dimerization and APP processing by γ-secretase, which is important for the production of Aβ of different lengths. In this review, we describe the intricate web of interdependence between cellular cholesterol levels, cholesterol membrane distribution, and cholesterol-dependent production of Aβ, the major player in AD.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Nepanikař je projekt, který usiluje o zvýšení dostupnosti psychické pomoci pro mladé lidi. Své činnosti zahájil vydáním první české mobilní aplikace, která se zaměřuje na pomoc při nejčastějších duševních potížích. Přes web nepanikar.eu je provozována také online poradna, která poskytuje bezplatné orientační poradenství v otázkách duševního zdraví nebo náročných životních situacích. Kromě toho nabízí databázi kontaktů na odborníky v oblasti duševního zdraví, online terapie nebo edukativní činnosti.

Nepanikař (in English Don't Panic) is a project that aims to increase the availability of psychological help for young people. The project started its activities with the release of the first Czech mobile app that focuses on helping with the most common mental health problems. Nepanikar also operates an online counselling service through the website (nepanikar.eu), which provides free guidance on mental health issues or challenging life situations. Moreover, the website offers a database of contacts for mental health professionals in Czech Republic, online therapy or educational activities.

Primární imunodeficience jsou skupinou čítající v současné době přes 450 onemocnění, jejichž klinický a laboratorní fenotyp je často velmi nespecifický, což představuje zásadní překážku ve vytipování rizikových pacientů, promptní diagnostice a cílené léčbě. V rámci projektu Primary ImmunoDeficiency Look-up App (PIDLA) jsme vytvořili aplikaci napomáhající lékařům v diferenciální diagnostice vrozených poruch imunity. Aplikace je postavena na základech mezinárodní klasifikace primárních imunodeficiencí IUIS z roku 2020 a využívá sofistikovaných vyhledávacích a řadících algoritmů. V textu popisujeme metodu tvorby aplikace a demonstrujeme její funkci. PIDLA je volně dostupný na webové stránce www.pidla.eu.

Primary immunodeficiencies are now a group of over 450 diseases, whose clinical and laboratory phenotypes can be very ambiguous and therefore present a major hurdle to the selection of high-risk patients, quick diagnosis and targetted therapy. As part of the Primary ImmunoDeficiency Look-up App (PIDLA) project we created an app which assists physicians in the differential diagnosis of inborn errors of the immunity. The app is based on the international classification of primary immunodeficiencies IUIS from the year 2020 and utilizes sophisticated searching and ranking algorithms. In this text we describe the method of app development and demonstrate its function. PIDLA is freely available at the webpage www.pidla.eu.

• Klíčová slova
• PIDLA,
• MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
• nemoci imunitního systému MeSH
• primární imunodeficience * diagnóza   MeSH
• příznaky a symptomy MeSH
• využití lékařské informatiky * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH