In the Czech Republic, the strategic data-based and organizational support for individual regions and for providers of acute care at the nationwide level is coordinated by the Ministry of Health. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the country needed to very quickly implement a system for the monitoring, reporting, and overall management of hospital capacities. The aim of this viewpoint is to describe the purpose and basic functions of a web-based application named "Control Centre for Intensive Care," which was developed and made available to meet the needs of systematic online technical support for the management of intensive inpatient care across the Czech Republic during the first wave of the pandemic in spring 2020. Two tools of key importance are described in the context of national methodology: one module for regular online updates and overall monitoring of currently free capacities of intensive care in real time, and a second module for online entering and overall record-keeping of requirements on medications for COVID-19 patients. A total of 134 intensive care providers and 927 users from hospitals across all 14 regions of the Czech Republic were registered in the central Control Centre for Intensive Care database as of March 31, 2021. This web-based application enabled continuous monitoring and decision-making during the mass surge of critical care from autumn 2020 to spring 2021. The Control Center for Intensive Care has become an indispensable part of a set of online tools that are employed on a regular basis for crisis management at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pandemie * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- péče o pacienty v kritickém stavu MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
- strategické plánování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Vydání první 222 stran ; 20 cm
Publikace se zaměřuje na nevědomí a jeho porozumění v osobním rozvoji. Určeno široké veřejnosti.
- MeSH
- nevědomí (psychologie) MeSH
- sebepojetí MeSH
- sny psychologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- monografie MeSH
- populární práce MeSH
- Konspekt
- Zvláštní duševní stavy a procesy
- NLK Obory
- psychologie, klinická psychologie
BACKGROUND: Evaluation of time trends is an integral part of a comprehensive analysis of cancer data. Our study aimed to assess trends in cancer incidence in the period 1977-2018 in the Czech Republic. METHODS: Cancer data were obtained from the Czech National Cancer Registry. Incidence trends were evaluated using the joinpoint regression. The overall trend for the entire analysed period and the current trend for the last 10 years were determined using the average annual percentage change. RESULTS: In the period 1977-2018, the age-standardised incidence (European standard) of malignant neoplasms excluding non-melanoma skin cancers increased from 518.2 to 681.9 cases per 100,000 population in men, and from 320.9 to 467.2 in women. The largest increase in trend in the analysed period was observed for melanoma, which showed an average annual increase of 4.0 % in men and 3.3 % in women. Over the last decade, a significant increase has been observed for head and neck cancer and oesophageal cancer, mainly in women. On the contrary, the largest decrease in trend in the analysed period was observed for stomach cancer, with an average decrease of 2.9 % in men and 2.8 % in women. Over the last 10 years, a highly significant decrease has also been observed for colorectal cancer: 3.2 % in men and 2.8 % in women. The largest difference in trend between the sexes was recorded in lung cancer: a steady decline of 1.3 % per year was observed for men, but an increase of 3.1 % per year was demonstrated for women. After the introduction of colorectal and cervical cancer screening programmes, a significant decrease of incidence rates for these diagnoses was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of the current cancer burden in the population and its time trends will help to prioritise targets and future resource allocation to cancer control.
- MeSH
- časná detekce nádoru * MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory děložního čípku * MeSH
- registrace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
BACKGROUND: The knowledge of cancer burden in the population, its time trends, and the possibility of international comparison is an important starting point for cancer programs. A reliable interactive tool describing cancer epidemiology in children and adolescents has been nonexistent in the Czech Republic until recently. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study is to develop a new web portal entitled the Czech Childhood Cancer Information System (CCCIS), which would provide information on childhood cancer epidemiology in the Czech Republic. METHODS: Data on childhood cancers have been obtained from the Czech National Cancer Registry. These data were validated using the clinical database of childhood cancer patients and subsequently combined with data from the National Register of Hospitalised Patients and with data from death certificates. These validated data were then used to determine the incidence and survival rates of childhood cancer patients aged 0 to 19 years who were diagnosed in the period 1994 to 2016 (N=9435). Data from death certificates were used to monitor long-term mortality trends. The technical solution is based on the robust PHP development Symfony framework, with the PostgreSQL system used to accommodate the data basis. RESULTS: The web portal has been available for anyone since November 2019, providing basic information for experts (ie, analyses and publications) on individual diagnostic groups of childhood cancers. It involves an interactive tool for analytical reporting, which provides information on the following basic topics in the form of graphs or tables: incidence, mortality, and overall survival. Feedback was obtained and the accuracy of outputs published on the CCCIS portal was verified using the following methods: the validation of the theoretical background and the user testing. CONCLUSIONS: We developed software capable of processing data from multiple sources, which is freely available to all users and makes it possible to carry out automated analyses even for users without mathematical background; a simple selection of a topic to be analyzed is required from the user.
- MeSH
- analýza dat * MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- informační systémy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- nádory * epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
BACKGROUND: Numbers of patients who develop subsequent primary tumours have markedly increased recently. This study aimed to carry out a comprehensive analysis documenting the risk of incidence of subsequent haematological malignancies. METHODS: The Czech National Cancer Registry was the main data source, containing records of 126,822 haematological malignancies diagnosed in the period 1977-2016. Subsequent haematological malignancies were identified according to IACR rules. Joinpoint regression was employed to assess the time trends. The risk of development of subsequent haematological malignancy was evaluated by the standardised incidence ratio. The Kaplan-Meier curves were used to assess the differences in survival. RESULTS: Age-standardised incidence of subsequent haematological malignancies increased from 0.5 in 1977 to 9.1 in 2016. In 1992, there was a significant change in the trend: a sharp increase by 7.7 % annually was revealed thereafter. The risk of development of a haematological malignancy was approximately 1.5 times higher in persons with history of any cancer than in the general Czech population. Patients with haematological malignancies - mainly myelodysplastic syndromes, polycythaemia vera and non-Hodgkin lymphoma - were shown to be at the highest risk of developing a subsequent haematological malignancy. While the median survival following a first haematological malignancy was 2.3 years, it was only 1.1 years for subsequent haematological malignancies (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our study identified the highest-risk diagnoses in terms of development of subsequent haematological malignancy. The results might be useful to set up correctly follow-up procedures from which cancer patients could benefit.
- MeSH
- hematologické nádory epidemiologie terapie MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- registrace MeSH
- sekundární malignity epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
OBJECTIVES: COVID-19 might either be entirely asymptomatic or manifest itself with a large variability of disease severity. It is beneficial to identify early patients with a high risk of severe course. The aim of the analysis was to develop a prognostic model for the prediction of the severe course of acute respiratory infection. DESIGN: A population-based study. SETTING: Czech Republic. PARTICIPANTS: The first 7455 consecutive patients with COVID-19 who were identified by reverse transcription-PCR testing from 1 March 2020 to 17 May 2020. PRIMARY OUTCOME: Severe course of COVID-19. RESULT: Of a total 6.2% of patients developed a severe course of COVID-19. Age, male sex, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, recent history of cancer, chronic heart failure, acid-related disorders treated with proton-pump inhibitors and diabetes mellitus were found to be independent negative prognostic factors (Area under the ROC Curve (AUC) was 0.893). The results were visualised by risk heat maps, and we called this diagram a 'covidogram'. Acid-related disorders treated with proton-pump inhibitors might represent a negative prognostic factor. CONCLUSION: We developed a very simple prediction model called 'covidogram', which is based on elementary independent variables (age, male sex and the presence of several chronic diseases) and represents a tool that makes it possible to identify-with a high reliability-patients who are at risk of a severe course of COVID-19. Obtained results open clinically relevant question about the role of acid-related disorders treated by proton-pump inhibitors as predictor for severe course of COVID-19.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Background: The beginning of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic dates back to December 31, 2019, when the first cases were reported in the People's Republic of China. In the Czech Republic, the first three cases of infection with the novel coronavirus were confirmed on March 1, 2020. The joint effort of state authorities and researchers gave rise to a unique team, which combines methodical knowledge of real-world processes with the know-how needed for effective processing, analysis, and online visualization of data. Objective: Due to an urgent need for a tool that presents important reports based on valid data sources, a team of government experts and researchers focused on the design and development of a web app intended to provide a regularly updated overview of COVID-19 epidemiology in the Czech Republic to the general population. Methods: The cross-industry standard process for data mining model was chosen for the complex solution of analytical processing and visualization of data that provides validated information on the COVID-19 epidemic across the Czech Republic. Great emphasis was put on the understanding and a correct implementation of all six steps (business understanding, data understanding, data preparation, modelling, evaluation, and deployment) needed in the process, including the infrastructure of a nationwide information system; the methodological setting of communication channels between all involved stakeholders; and data collection, processing, analysis, validation, and visualization. Results: The web-based overview of the current spread of COVID-19 in the Czech Republic has been developed as an online platform providing a set of outputs in the form of tables, graphs, and maps intended for the general public. On March 12, 2020, the first version of the web portal, containing fourteen overviews divided into five topical sections, was released. The web portal's primary objective is to publish a well-arranged visualization and clear explanation of basic information consisting of the overall numbers of performed tests, confirmed cases of COVID-19, COVID-19-related deaths, the daily and cumulative overviews of people with a positive COVID-19 case, performed tests, location and country of infection of people with a positive COVID-19 case, hospitalizations of patients with COVID-19, and distribution of personal protective equipment. Conclusions: The online interactive overview of the current spread of COVID-19 in the Czech Republic was launched on March 11, 2020, and has immediately become the primary communication channel employed by the health care sector to present the current situation regarding the COVID-19 epidemic. This complex reporting of the COVID-19 epidemic in the Czech Republic also shows an effective way to interconnect knowledge held by various specialists, such as regional and national methodology experts (who report positive cases of the disease on a daily basis), with knowledge held by developers of central registries, analysts, developers of web apps, and leaders in the health care sector.
- Klíčová slova
- webová aplikace,
- MeSH
- analýza dat MeSH
- Betacoronavirus MeSH
- COVID-19 * MeSH
- data mining * MeSH
- epidemie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- hlášení nemocí MeSH
- informační systémy * MeSH
- koronavirové infekce * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Vydání první 190 stran ; 20 cm
Příručka se zaměřuje na terapeutické účinky rodokmenů. Pomáhá lidem prozkoumat osudy jejich předků a vyhledat oblasti, které mohou ovlivňovat jejich životy.
- MeSH
- paměť MeSH
- prarodiče MeSH
- rodina MeSH
- rodokmen MeSH
- sebepojetí MeSH
- terapie metody MeSH
- vztahy mezi generacemi MeSH
- Publikační typ
- monografie MeSH
- populární práce MeSH
- příručky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Fyzioterapie. Psychoterapie. Alternativní lékařství
- NLK Obory
- psychoterapie
Východiska: Cílem studie bylo zhodnotit trendy incidence a mortality zhoubných nádorů u dětí a adolescentů v období 1994– 2016 v České republice. Materiál a metody: Údaje o novotvarech dětí evidované v Národním onkologickém registru byly validovány pomocí klinické databáze dětské onkologie a dále kombinovány s údaji Národního registru hospitalizovaných a Listu o prohlídce zemřelého. Z těchto validovaných dat byly zjištěny hodnoty incidence novotvarů. Ke sledování dlouhodobého trendu mortality byla použita data z Listu o prohlídce zemřelého. Trendy incidence a mortality byly hodnoceny průměrnou roční procentuální změnou. Výsledky: Trend věkově standardizované incidence zhoubných nádorů u dětí ve věku 0– 19 let vykazuje statisticky významný dlouhodobý mírný nárůst nových případů průměrně o +0,5 % ročně (p < 0,01), u dívek o +0,6 %, zatímco u chlapců statisticky nevýznamný pokles o −0,1 %. Nejvýraznější statisticky významný průměrný roční nárůst incidence u dětí ve věku 0– 14 let byl pozorován u jiných maligních epiteliálních novotvarů a maligních melanomů (+4,9 %; p < 0,01), ale také u onemocnění centrální nervové soustavy (+1,3 %; p < 0,05). Naopak statisticky významný průměrný roční pokles incidence u dětí ve věku 0– 14 let vykazují lymfomy (−2,1 %; p < 0,01). U adolescentů ve věku 15– 19 let byl pozorován statisticky významný průměrný roční nárůst incidence u jiných maligních epiteliálních novotvarů a maligních melanomů (+5,2 %; p < 0,01), ale také u onemocnění centrální nervové soustavy (+1,5 %; p < 0,05). Trend mortality zhoubných nádorů vykazuje statisticky významný dlouhodobý pokles průměrně o −5,1 % ročně u dětí ve věku 0– 14 let (p < 0,01), a o −3,7 % ročně u adolescentů (p < 0,01). Závěr: Dostupná data umožňují analyzovat dlouhodobé trendy incidence a mortality zhoubných nádorů u dětí a adolescentů.
Background: Our study aimed to evaluate incidence and mortality trends for childhood and adolescent cancers in the period 1994– 2016 in the Czech Republic. Material and methods: Data on childhood cancers, which are recorded in the Czech National Cancer Registry, were validated us ing a clinical database of childhood cancer patients and combined with data from the National Register of Hospitalised Patients and with data from death certificates. These validated data were used to establish cancer incidence. Data from death certificates were used to evaluate long-term trends in mortality. Incidence and mortality trends were assessed by the average annual percentage change. Results: The age-standardised incidence trend for childhood cancers (i.e. those diagnosed in patients aged 0– 19 years) showed a statistically significant slight long-term increase in the number of new cases, +0.5% annually on average (p < 0.01), more specifically an increase of +0.6% in girls and a statistically insignificant decrease of −0.1% in boys. In children aged 0– 14 years, other malignant epithelial neoplasms and malignant melanomas showed the largest statistically significant average annual increase in incidence (+4.9%; p < 0.01), followed by central nervous system neoplasms (+1.3%; p < 0.05). Lymphomas, by contrast, showed a statistically significant average annual decrease in incidence in children aged 0– 14 years (−2.1%; p < 0.01). In adolescents aged 15– 19 years, other malignant epithelial neoplasms and malignant melanomas also showed a statistically signifi cant average annual increase in incidence (+5.2%; p < 0.01), followed by central nervous system neoplasms (+1.5%; p < 0.05). Mortality trends showed a statistically significant long-term decrease: on average, −5.1% annually in children aged 0– 14 years (p < 0.01), and −3.7% annually in adolescents aged 15– 19 years (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Available data make it possible to analyse long-term trends in childhood cancer incidence and mortality.
