The influence of specific and non-specific antibiotic pressure on in vivo spread of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance was evaluated in this study. Chickens repeatedly inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis harbouring the plasmid pAMβ1 carrying the erm(B) gene were perorally treated for one week with tylosin, lincomycin (both specific antibiotic pressure) and chlortetracycline (non-specific antibiotic pressure). Antibiotic non-treated but E. faecalis inoculated chickens served as a control. To quantify the erm(B) gene and characterise intestinal microflora, faecal DNA was analysed by qPCR and 454-pyrosequencing. Under the pressure of antibiotics, a significant increase in erm(B) was observed by qPCR. However, at the final stage of the experiment, an increase in erm(B) was also observed in two out of five non-treated chickens. In chickens treated with tylosin and chlortetracycline, the increase in erm(B) was accompanied by an increase in enterococci. However, E. faecalis was at the limit of detection in all animals. This suggests that the erm(B) gene spread among the gut microbiota other than E. faecalis. Pyrosequencing results indicated that, depending on the particular antibiotic pressure, different bacteria could be responsible for the spread of MLSB resistance. Different species of MLSB-resistant enterococci and streptococci were isolated from cloacal swabs during and after the treatment. PFGE analysis of MLSB-resistant enterococci revealed four clones, all differing from the challenge strain. All of the MLSB-resistant isolates harboured a plasmid of the same size as pAMβ1. This study has shown that MLSB resistance may spread within the gut microbiota under specific and non-specific pressure and even in the absence of any antimicrobial pressure. Finally, depending on the particular antibiotic pressure, different bacterial species seems to be involved in the spread of MLSB resistance.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence genetika MeSH
- chlortetracyklin farmakologie MeSH
- DNA primery genetika MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- Enterococcus faecalis účinky léků genetika MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie MeSH
- grampozitivní bakteriální infekce veterinární MeSH
- kur domácí * MeSH
- linkosamidy farmakologie MeSH
- makrolidy farmakologie MeSH
- methyltransferasy genetika MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- nemoci drůbeže mikrobiologie MeSH
- neparametrická statistika MeSH
- plazmidy genetika MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce veterinární MeSH
- přenos genů horizontální genetika MeSH
- pulzní gelová elektroforéza veterinární MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- streptogramin B farmakologie MeSH
- tylosin farmakologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Geographically related Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates from human patients (n=30), dairy farms (farmers and individual raw milk from cattle, n=36) and a dairy plant (n=55) were examined for epidemiological relatedness by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and, using in vitro methods, for the ability to produce biofilm and antimicrobial resistance. Methicillin-resistant isolates (MRSE) were also identified and characterized. Isolates from farmers and dairy cattle were found to be genetically related, while isolates from human patients were highly diverse. Some dairy plant isolates (18.2%) were closely related to those from dairy farms. Biofilm production and resistance to antimicrobial agents were most typical for isolates from human patients, of which 76.7% were MRSE. Methicillin resistance was also widespread in farm-related isolates (61.1%). This study indicates the possible transmission of S. epidermidis between cattle and farmers. Dairy products were not proven to be an important source of either human infections or methicillin-resistant strains.
- MeSH
- biofilmy růst a vývoj MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika MeSH
- DNA fingerprinting MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- mikrobiologie životního prostředí MeSH
- mléko mikrobiologie MeSH
- molekulární epidemiologie MeSH
- pulzní gelová elektroforéza MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- skot MeSH
- Staphylococcus epidermidis klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace fyziologie MeSH
- techniky typizace bakterií MeSH
- zemědělství MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Evropská unie MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- infekce vyvolané Escherichia coli epidemiologie MeSH
- maso mikrobiologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- mléko mikrobiologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- mnohočetná bakteriální léková rezistence genetika účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
