The impact of carnivore parvovirus infection on wild populations is not yet understood; disease signs are mainly developed in pups and assessing the health of litters in wild carnivores has big limitations. This study aims to shed light on the virus dynamics among wild carnivores thanks to the analysis of 213 samples collected between 1994 and 2013 in wild ecosystems from Spain. We determined the presence of carnivore parvovirus DNA by real-time PCR and sequenced the vp2 gen from 22 positive samples to characterize the strains and to perform phylogenetic analysis. The presence of carnivore parvovirus DNA was confirmed in 18% of the samples, with a higher prevalence detected in wolves (Canis lupus signatus, 70%). Fourteen sequences belonging to nine wolves, three Eurasian badgers (Meles meles), a common genet (Genetta genetta) and a European wildcat (Felis silvestris) were classified as canine parvovirus 2c (CPV-2c); five sequences from three wolves, a red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and a stone marten (Martes foina) as CPV-2b; and three sequences from a badger, a genet and a stone marten as feline parvovirus (FPV). This was the first report of a wildcat infected with a canine strain. Sequences described in this study were identical or very close related to others previously found in domestic carnivores from distant countries, suggesting that cross-species transmission takes place and that the parvovirus epidemiology in Spain, as elsewhere, could be influenced by global factors.

• MeSH
• Carnivora virologie   MeSH
• divoká zvířata MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• hospodářská zvířata MeSH
• hostitelská specificita MeSH
• infekce viry z čeledi Parvoviridae epidemiologie   veterinární   virologie   MeSH
• kočky MeSH
• kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce veterinární   MeSH
• lišky MeSH
• Mustelidae MeSH
• parvovirus psů genetika   MeSH
• Parvovirus genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• psi MeSH
• virus infekční panleukopenie koček genetika   MeSH
• vlci MeSH
• zeměpis MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• kočky MeSH
• psi MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Španělsko MeSH

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• kombinace amoxicilinu a kyseliny klavulanové aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• metronidazol aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• novorozená zvířata virologie   MeSH
• parvovirus psů * izolace a purifikace   patogenita   účinky léků   MeSH
• psi MeSH
• sérologické testy metody   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• psi MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

Since the identification of canine parvovirus type 2, three variants have subsequently been observed differing from the historical CPV-2 and each other by 1-2 amino acids only. As a result there has been considerable research into differential diagnostics, with some researchers indicating there is a need for new vaccines containing different strains of CPV-2. In this study we investigated whether vaccination with a CPV-2b containing vaccine would induce cross-reactive antibody responses to the other CPV-2 variants. Two studies where dogs were vaccinated with a multivalent vaccine, subsequently challenged with CPV-2b and sera samples analysed are presented. Six week old pups with defined serological status were vaccinated twice, three weeks apart and challenged either 5 weeks (MDA override study) or one year after vaccination (duration of immunity study). Sera samples were collected before each vaccination and at periods throughout each study. In each study the antibody profiles were very similar; serological responses against CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c were higher than those for CPV-2. Nevertheless, responses against CPV-2 were well above levels considered clinically protective. In each study dogs also showed a rapid increase in antibody titres following vaccination, reached a plateau following second vaccination with a slight decline to challenge after which rapid anamnestic responses were seen. Evaluation of the serological responses suggests vaccination with CPV-2b would cross-protect against CPV-2a and CPV-2c, as well as against CPV-2 which is now extinct in the field. In conclusion we have demonstrated that vaccination of minimum aged dogs with a multivalent vaccine containing the CPV-2b variant strain will induce serological responses which are cross-reactive against all currently circulating field strains, CPV-2a and CPV-2c, and the now extinct field strain CPV-2.

• MeSH
• infekce viry z čeledi Parvoviridae imunologie   prevence a kontrola   veterinární   MeSH
• nemoci psů imunologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• neutralizující protilátky krev   MeSH
• parvovirus psů klasifikace   MeSH
• protilátky virové krev   MeSH
• psi imunologie   MeSH
• vakcinace veterinární   MeSH
• virové vakcíny imunologie   MeSH
• zkřížená ochrana MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• psi imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH