Cílem předloženého článku je popsat a zhodnotit pilotní dopravně-bezpečnostní projekt „Dožij se dvaceti“ Nadačního fondu Kolečko a partnerů, který probíhal od září 2015 do června 2016 na vybraných středních školách a gymnáziích ve Středočeském a Ústeckém kraji pro cílovou skupinu mládeže ve věku 17-19 let. Článek vymezuje základní pojmy vztahující se k problematice osvěty veřejnosti v dopravně-bezpečnostních souvislostech, zejména potom rizikové chování a specifika osobnosti dospívajících a vlivu okolí na jejich uvažování a chování. Neopomíjí ani základní statistické údaje k úrazovosti dětí a mládeže. Věnuje se zejména prevenci a dopravní výchově s přihlédnutím ke středoškolskému prostředí a připravenosti dospívajících poskytnout první pomoc. Článek se dále detailně zabývá účinností i mírou vlivu projektu na jeho účastníky. Zkoumá, zda určitým způsobem ovlivnil myšlení – například postoje, i chování mladých lidí, kteří projektem prošli. Vyhodnocení odpovídá na otázku: zda či do jaké míry projekt studenty ovlivnil (a na jak dlouho). Z výsledků evaluační studie můžeme konstatovat, že projekt měl výrazný dopad na postoje a připravenost studentů poskytnout první pomoc. Nicméně tento efekt neměl dlouhotrvající charakter, dopad měřený po 3 měsících po ukončení projektu se totiž neprokázal. Na základě zjištěných skutečností potom navrhuje úpravy pro lepší vytěžení zkušeností a výsledků projektu do praxe v návrhu doporučených změn pro další plánování koncepce pokračování projektu do budoucna, a to zejména začleněním programu do dlouhodobé a systematické školní prevence rizikového chování.
The objective of the present article is to describe and evaluate a pilot traffic safety project, “Live to Be Twenty”, run by the Kolečko endowment fund and its partners. Targeted at students in the 17-19 age category, the project was carried out from September 2015 to June 2016 at selected secondary schools, including grammar schools, in the Central Bohemia and Ústí nad Labem regions. The paper provides an outline of the basic concepts concerning the raising of public awareness of traffic safety-related issues, particularly as regards adolescents’ risk-taking behaviour and their specific personality aspects and the ways in which the environment may influence their thinking and behaviour. General statistics showing the rates of injuries among children and adolescents are also provided. The main focus of the article is on prevention and traffic education, with a view to the secondary school context, and the young people’s readiness to provide first aid. In addition, the paper examines thoroughly the effectiveness of the project and the degree of its effect on its participants. It seeks to establish to what extent the project may have influenced the thinking, attitudes, and behaviour of the young people who participated in it. The evaluation study was intended to answer the questions of whether and to what extent the project had an impact on the students (and for how long). The results suggest that the project had a significant effect on the students’ attitudes and their readiness to provide first aid. However, this effect was short-lived: no effect was demonstrated at a three-month follow-up. In conclusion, the findings are, used to recommend changes for the future implementation of the project, including the better practical utilisation of the experience and results generated by the project and incorporating the project into a long-term and systematic policy covering the school-based prevention of risk behaviour.
- MeSH
- Adolescent Behavior psychology MeSH
- Accidents, Traffic * prevention & control psychology MeSH
- Program Evaluation * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult psychology statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Dangerous Behavior MeSH
- Pilot Projects MeSH
- Accident Prevention MeSH
- Primary Prevention * MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires statistics & numerical data MeSH
- First Aid psychology statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Psychology, Adolescent MeSH
- Psychology, Social MeSH
- Students psychology statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Health Education statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Self Report statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult psychology statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Publication type
- Evaluation Study MeSH
- MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Awards and Prizes MeSH
- First Aid statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Accidents MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Newspaper Article MeSH
Introduction: Based on both international and national health statistics, accidents from various mechanisms are among the most common causes of death in childhood. Our aim was to examine the first aid and accident prevention knowledge and attitudes of parents. Materials and methods: In this study, parents of 3–7 years old children were involved in six kindergartens located in Hungary. A self-fill-in questionnaire applying standardized items was used to collect data. In the investigation, 307 parents (N = 307) were included. Out of them, 234 persons filled out the questionnaire correctly (n = 234). The statistical analysis was made with SPSS 20.0 statistical software. For analysis descriptive statistics, Chi-square-test and ANOVA were used. Results: Three-quarters of the children have suffered at least one accident in their past life (74.3%). A total number of 174 parents attended first aid courses earlier (74.4%). The previous knowledge is based mainly on the personal information on their driving license (81.6%). Based on parent’s results, there is a need for teaching first aid (70.5%) and accident prevention (89.7%) to children in kindergarten. There were only 10 parents, who answered all the featured first aid situations correctly (4.3%). Between the subjective judgment of the financial status and the correct answers we found a significant correlation (p = 0.03). The previously accomplished first aid training (p < 0.05) and the educational attainment (p = 0.029) had a positive impact regarding the correct answers. Conclusion: The level of first aid knowledge among the parents of kindergarten children was lower than expected. With an offer to participate in a first aid course the level of knowledge from both sides (children and parents) could be increased. This could contribute to a better accident prevention andfirst aid practice among parents.
- MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Accident Prevention * standards MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- First Aid * statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Parents MeSH
- Schools, Nursery MeSH
- Accidents statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice * MeSH
- Health Education methods organization & administration MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Keywords
- náhlá zástava srdeční v terénu, ITD - ResQPOD, timing defibrilace,
- MeSH
- Survival Analysis MeSH
- Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation methods statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Heart Massage methods instrumentation statistics & numerical data MeSH
- First Aid methods standards statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Life Support Care methods statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Heart Arrest nursing therapy MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
The aim of this study was to find out the causes that lead to dental avulsion in children, to analyze the effectiveness of our treatment and the response of the adults when such incidents occur and finally to determine the occurrence of posttraumatic complications some time after the injury, especially the resorption of the affected teeth root. We analyzed the documentations of a sample of patients containing 57 children who had a total of 90 avulsed teeth and were treated in Dentistry Department of Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Czech Republic, in the years between 1995 and 2005. We discovered that most frequently the children experience dental avulsion in the age between 8 and 11 years old, the most affected teeth are the upper central incisors and the most frequent causes are sports and games which are very common in these ages, in various environments, like schools, sport fields and home. The majority of the children were transferred to the Dentistry Department either quite long after the avulsion incident and without the avulsed teeth, or with the avulsed teeth which were carried in an inappropriate transport medium, indicating that there is insufficient knowledge of adult people, especially the ones who are in daily contact with children, on how to provide first aid in cases of dental avulsion.
- MeSH
- Tooth Avulsion MeSH
- Time Factors MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Splints MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Referral and Consultation statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Maxilla MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- First Aid statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Tooth Replantation statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Root Resorption epidemiology MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Incisor injuries MeSH
- Organ Preservation Solutions therapeutic use MeSH
- Athletic Injuries epidemiology MeSH
- Root Canal Therapy statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Accidental Falls statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Accidents, Home statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Age Factors MeSH
- Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
Úrazy a otravy jsou významnou příčinou poškození zdraví populace. V porovnání se státy EU jsou hodnoty úmrtnosti následkem úrazů v ČR značně vyšší. V jihočeském regionu byl v roce 2005 proveden monitoring týkající se informovanosti a dodržování preventivních opatření (v oblasti prevence úrazů) dětmi ve věku 15-17 let. Monitoring realizovalo Středisko prevence úrazů v Jihočeském kraji, které vzniklo v roce 2005 při Zdravotně sociální fakultě Jihočeské univerzity v Českých Budějovicích. Výsledky výzkumu budou využity k vytvoření informačních preventivních materiálů pro danou věkovou skupinu.
Accidents and intoxications constitute significant cause of harm to the health of population. In comparison with the EU countries, the values of mortality as consequence of accidents are considerably higher in the Czech Republic. In 2005 monitoring concerning the level of information and observance of preventive measures (in the sphere of accident prevention) by children aged 15-17 years was performed in the South Bohemian Region. The monitoring was implemented by the Centre of Accident Prevention in South Bohemian Region, established in 2005 at the Faculty of Health and Social Care of South Bohemian University in České Budějovice. The research results will be used to create information preventive materials for the relevant age group.
- MeSH
- Seat Belts statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Financing, Organized MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Protective Devices statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Poisoning prevention & control MeSH
- Accident Prevention methods statistics & numerical data trends MeSH
- Primary Prevention methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- First Aid methods statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Information Dissemination methods MeSH
- Sports statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Accidents statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Leisure Activities MeSH
- Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
