Cough is one of the most important defensive reflexes. However, extensive non- productive cough is a harmful mechanism leading to the damage of human airways. Cough is initiated by activation of vagal afferents in the airways. The site of their convergence is particularly the nucleus of the solitary tract (nTS). The second-order neurons terminate in the pons, medulla and spinal cord and there is also the cortical and subcortical control of coughing.Upper airway cough syndrome (UACS) - previously postnasal drip syndrome - is one of the most common causes of chronic cough together with asthma and gastroesophageal reflux. The main mechanisms leading to cough in patients with nasal and sinus diseases are postnasal drip, direct irritation of nasal mucosa, inflammation in the lower airways, upper airway inflammation and the cough reflex sensitization. The cough demonstrated by UACS patients is probably due to hypersensitivity of the upper airways sensory nerve or lower airways sensory nerve, or a combination of both. Further studies are needed to clarify this mechanism.

• MeSH
• chronická nemoc MeSH
• kapsaicin škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• kašel chemicky indukované   patofyziologie   MeSH
• kationtové kanály TRPV agonisté   fyziologie   MeSH
• kationtový kanál TRPA1 agonisté   fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nervové receptory účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• nervus vagus účinky léků   patofyziologie   MeSH
• nosní sliznice účinky léků   patofyziologie   MeSH
• syndrom MeSH
• trachea účinky léků   patofyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH