- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
Reflecting the first wave COVID-19 pandemic in Central Europe (i.e. March 16th-April 15th, 2020) the neurosurgical community witnessed a general diminution in the incidence of emergency neurosurgical cases, which was impelled by a reduced number of traumatic brain injuries (TBI), spine conditions, and chronic subdural hematomas (CSDH). This appeared to be associated with restrictions imposed on mobility within countries but also to possible delayed patient introduction and interdisciplinary medical counseling. In response to one year of COVID-19 experience, also mapping the third wave of COVID-19 in 2021 (i.e. March 16 to April 15, 2021), we aimed to reevaluate the current prevalence and outcomes for emergency non-elective neurosurgical cases in COVID-19-negative patients across Austria and the Czech Republic. The primary analysis was focused on incidence and 30-day mortality in emergency neurosurgical cases compared to four preceding years (2017-2020). A total of 5077 neurosurgical emergency cases were reviewed. The year 2021 compared to the years 2017-2019 was not significantly related to any increased odds of 30 day mortality in Austria or in the Czech Republic. Recently, there was a significant propensity toward increased incidence rates of emergency non-elective neurosurgical cases during the third COVID-19 pandemic wave in Austria, driven by their lower incidence during the first COVID-19 wave in 2020. Selected neurosurgical conditions commonly associated with traumatic etiologies including TBI, and CSDH roughly reverted to similar incidence rates from the previous non-COVID-19 years. Further resisting the major deleterious effects of the continuing COVID-19 pandemic, it is edifying to notice that the neurosurgical community ́s demeanor to the recent third pandemic culmination keeps the very high standards of non-elective neurosurgical care alongside with low periprocedural morbidity. This also reflects the current state of health care quality in the Czech Republic and Austria.
- MeSH
- chronický subdurální hematom * MeSH
- COVID-19 * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neurochirurgické výkony MeSH
- pandemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
BACKGROUND/AIM: Gliomas are primary malignancies of the central nervous system (CNS). High-grade gliomas are associated with poor prognosis and modest survival rates despite intensive multimodal treatment strategies. Targeting gene fusions is an emerging therapeutic approach for gliomas that allows application of personalized medicine principles. The aim of this study was to identify detectable fusion oncogenes that could serve as predictors of currently available or newly developed targeted therapeutics in cross-sectional samples from glioma patients using next-generation sequencing (NGS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 637 patients with glial and glioneuronal tumours of the CNS who underwent tumour resection between 2017 and 2020 were enrolled. Detection of fusion transcripts in FFPE tumour tissue was performed by a TruSight Tumour 170 assay and two FusionPlex kits, Solid Tumour and Comprehensive Thyroid and Lung. RESULTS: Oncogene fusions were identified in 33 patients. The most common fusion was the KIAA1549-BRAF fusion, detected in 13 patients, followed by FGFR fusions (FGFR1-TACC1, FGFR2-CTNNA3, FGFR3-TACC3, FGFR3-CKAP5, FGFR3-AMBRA1), identified in 10 patients. Other oncogene fusions were also infrequently diagnosed, including MET fusions (SRPK2-MET and PTPRZ1-MET) in 2 patients, C11orf95-RELA fusions in 2 patients, EGFR-SEPT14 fusion in 2 patients, and individual cases of SRGAP3-BRAF, RAF1-TRIM2, EWSR1-PALGL1 and TERT-ALK fusions. CONCLUSION: The introduction of NGS techniques provides additional information about tumour molecular alterations that can aid the multimodal management of glioma patients. Patients with gliomas positive for particular targetable gene fusions may benefit from experimental therapeutics, enhancing their quality of life and prolonging survival rates.
- MeSH
- adaptorové proteiny signální transdukční genetika MeSH
- gliom * genetika patologie MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- onkogenní fúze * MeSH
- onkogeny genetika MeSH
- protein-serin-threoninkinasy MeSH
- proteiny asociované s mikrotubuly genetika MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- tyrosinfosfatasy receptorového typu, třída 5 genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The world currently faces the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic. Little is known about the effects of a pandemic on non-elective neurosurgical practices, which have continued under modified conditions to reduce the spread of COVID-19. This knowledge might be critical for the ongoing second coronavirus wave and potential restrictions on health care. We aimed to determine the incidence and 30-day mortality rate of various non-elective neurosurgical procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic. A retrospective, multi-centre observational cohort study among neurosurgical centres within Austria, the Czech Republic, and Switzerland was performed. Incidence of neurosurgical emergencies and related 30-day mortality rates were determined for a period reflecting the peak pandemic of the first wave in all participating countries (i.e. March 16th-April 15th, 2020), and compared to the same period in prior years (2017, 2018, and 2019). A total of 4,752 emergency neurosurgical cases were reviewed over a 4-year period. In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a general decline in the incidence of non-elective neurosurgical cases, which was driven by a reduced number of traumatic brain injuries, spine conditions, and chronic subdural hematomas. Thirty-day mortality did not significantly increase overall or for any of the conditions examined during the peak of the pandemic. The neurosurgical community in these three European countries observed a decrease in the incidence of some neurosurgical emergencies with 30-day mortality rates comparable to previous years (2017-2019). Lower incidence of neurosurgical cases is likely related to restrictions placed on mobility within countries, but may also involve delayed patient presentation.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 mortalita MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- neurochirurgické výkony mortalita trendy MeSH
- neurochirurgie metody MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- pandemie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
AIM: To evaluate changes in the serum levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA), %free PSA and -2proPSA biomarkers, and prostate health index (PHI) in the diagnostic algorithm of early prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Immunoanalytical Laboratory of the University Hospital in Pilsen examined sera from 263 patients being treated at the Hospital's Urology Department with suspected prostate cancer who had undergone biopsies and were divided into a benign and malignant group. The monitored biomarkers were measured using chemiluminescence. All statistical analyses were calculated using the SAS software. RESULTS: We found statistically significantly increased levels of -2proPSA, PHI and PSA and decreased levels of %freePSA in patients diagnosed with prostate cancer by prostate biopsy vs. patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (median values: -2proPSA: 16 vs. 21 ng/l, PHI: 35 vs. 62, total PSA: 7.2 vs. 7.7 μg/l and %free PSA: 16.7 vs. 11.7%). Receiver operating characteristic curves showed the best performance for PHI compared to other markers. CONCLUSION: The assessment of -2proPSA and the calculation of PHI appear to be of great benefit for a more accurate differential diagnosis of benign hyperplasia and prostate cancer.
- MeSH
- časná detekce nádoru MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery krev MeSH
- nádory prostaty krev diagnóza MeSH
- plocha pod křivkou MeSH
- prostata patologie MeSH
- prostatický specifický antigen krev MeSH
- ROC křivka MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Cíl: Cílem studie je zjistit, zda stanovení [-2]proPSA a výpočet Prostate Health Indexu (PHI) zlepší celkovou senzitivitu a specificitu v porovnání s tradičně používanými markery (PSA a freePSA) a navrhnout optimální cut-off pro PHI v diferenciálně diagnostickém postupu časné detekce karcinomu prostaty (KP). Metodika: U 76 pacientů s podezřením na KP a indikovaných k biopsii prostaty byla stanovena hladina celkového PSA, freePSA, [-2]proPSA, vypočítán poměr %freePSA a Prostate Health Index (PHI). Biomarkery se stanovovaly chemiluminiscenční metodou na přístroji Dxl 800 (Beckman Coulter, USA). Statistické vyhodnocení bylo provedeno za využití software SAS verze 9.2. Výsledky: Zjistili jsme statisticky významně lepší hodnoty plochy pod ROC křivkou (AUC) jak pro samotné [-2]proPSA (0,77), tak především pro PHI (0,88) v porovnání s tPSA (0,59) a %freePSA (0,61). Žádný z nemocných v našem souboru s biopticky ověřeným KP neměl PHI nižší než 40. Závěr: Stanovení [-2]proPSA a z něj odvozená hodnota PHI významně přispívá k zpřesnění diferenciálně diagnostického procesu mezi BPH a karcinomem prostaty. Cut-off pro PHI > 40 se šedou zónou 30-40 je podle našich dosavadních zkušeností optimální pro využití v rutinní praxi pro časnou detekci KP.
Aim: The goal of this study was to examine if determining [-2]proPSA levels and calculating the Prostate Health Index (PHI) could improve overall sensitivity and specificity of this marker in the diagnosis of prostate cancer compared to standard markers (PSA and %freePSA), and propose an optimal PHI cut-off. Methods: A group of 76 patients with suspected prostate cancer, who were scheduled to undergo prostate biopsies, was tested to determine the total PSA, freePSA and [-2]proPSA levels, calculated %freePSA and Prostate Health Index (PHI). Biomarkers were determined using chemiluminescent technology on a Dxl 800 (Beckman Coulter, USA). Statistical analysis was performed using SAS version 9.2. Results: We found a statistically significant improvement in the area under the ROC (AUC) for both [-2]proPSA (0.77) and especially for PHI (0.88) levels compared with total PSA (0.59) and % freePSA (0.61) levels. None of the patients included in this study, with histological diagnosis of prostate cancer on biopsy, had a PHI level under 40. Conclusion: Determining the [-2]proPSA and derived PHI values contributes significantly to accuracy in the process of the differential diagnosis between BPH and prostate cancer. Based on out experience, a PHI cut-off of 40, with a gray area between 30 and 40, is optimal for use in routine clinical practice.
- MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- luminiscenční měření metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery analýza MeSH
- nádory prostaty * diagnóza MeSH
- prostatický specifický antigen * analýza MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Kontaktní (pyogenní) granulom hrtanu je poměrně vzácné, ale úporně recidivujícíonemocnění. Zásadní význam pro léčbu kontaktních granulomů má objasnění etiologického faktorujejich vzniku. Z tohoto hlediska se dělí na granulomy hyperfunkční, peptické, postintubační a idio-patické. Na základě hodnocení léčby vlastního souboru a literárních údajů jsou navržena schémataléčby, která jsou pro každou výše uvedenou skupinu modifikována.
Contact (pyogenic) granuloma of the larynx is a relatively rare but stubborn disease. Elucidation of the etiological factor of their development is of basic importance for the treatment of contact granulomas. From this aspect granulomas are divided into hyperfunctional, peptic, postuntibational and idiopathic granulomas. Based on the evaluation of treatment of their own group of patients and data in the literature the authors recommend patterns of treatment modified for each of the above mentioned groups.
- MeSH
- faryngektomie komplikace MeSH
- kvalita hlasu MeSH
- laryngektomie komplikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- endoskopie trávicího systému metody MeSH
- gastroenterologie diagnóza MeSH
- Publikační typ
- recenze MeSH
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory hlavy a krku chirurgie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
