- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poranění páteře * diagnostické zobrazování klasifikace terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: Several studies explored the interdependence between Paco2 and bicarbonate during respiratory acid-base derangements. The authors aimed to reframe the bicarbonate adaptation to respiratory disorders according to the physical-chemical approach, hypothesizing that (1) bicarbonate concentration during respiratory derangements is associated with strong ion difference; and (2) during acute respiratory disorders, strong ion difference changes are not associated with standard base excess. METHODS: This is an individual participant data meta-analysis from multiple canine and human experiments published up to April 29, 2021. Studies testing the effect of acute or chronic respiratory derangements and reporting the variations of Paco2, bicarbonate, and electrolytes were analyzed. Strong ion difference and standard base excess were calculated. RESULTS: Eleven studies were included. Paco2 ranged between 21 and 142 mmHg, while bicarbonate and strong ion difference ranged between 12.3 and 43.8 mM, and 32.6 and 60.0 mEq/l, respectively. Bicarbonate changes were linearly associated with the strong ion difference variation in acute and chronic respiratory derangement (β-coefficient, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.2 to 1.3; P < 0.001). In the acute setting, sodium variations justified approximately 80% of strong ion difference change, while a similar percentage of chloride variation was responsible for chronic adaptations. In the acute setting, strong ion difference variation was not associated with standard base excess changes (β-coefficient, -0.02; 95% CI, -0.11 to 0.07; P = 0.719), while a positive linear association was present in chronic studies (β-coefficient, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.24; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The bicarbonate adaptation that follows primary respiratory alterations is associated with variations of strong ion difference. In the acute phase, the variation in strong ion difference is mainly due to sodium variations and is not paralleled by modifications of standard base excess. In the chronic setting, strong ion difference changes are due to chloride variations and are mirrored by standard base excess.
- MeSH
- acidobazická rovnováha * MeSH
- chloridy farmakologie MeSH
- hydrogenuhličitany * MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- psi MeSH
- sodík farmakologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- psi MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
The authors present the cases of monozygotic male twins with right-sided Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) with different formation of the lumbosacral junction. This is likely the fi rst description of a lumbosacral junction formation disorder associated with identical twins who were both treated for LCPD as children. The disease began at 6 and 9 years of age and during treatment as well as in adulthood signifi cantly different bone formation of the lumbosacral transitional vertebra, was observed in both brothers. Twin A has a unilateral right-sided fusion of the enlarged L5 transverse process with the ipsilateral sacral ala, twin B has a complete sacralization of the fi fth lumbar vertebra. The LCPD treatment outcomes in the twins were consistent with the results from large studies, i.e., age at the time of LCPD onset is the main factor infl uencing the prognosis, however the morphological difference in the transitional vertebrae in these monozygotic twins was signifi cantly. Key words: lumbosacral transitional vertebra, lumbosacral junction formation, sacralization of lumbar vertebra, megatransverse of vertebra L5.
- MeSH
- bederní obratle diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dvojčata monozygotní MeSH
- křížová kost diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci páteře * MeSH
- Perthesova nemoc * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
x
x
- MeSH
- acidobazická rovnováha * MeSH
- krevní proteiny * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH
- komentáře MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- acidobazická rovnováha * MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH
- komentáře MeSH
- MeSH
- axiální spondyloartritida diagnóza komplikace terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci páteře * diagnóza etiologie komplikace terapie MeSH
- páteř abnormality diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- Scheuermannova nemoc diagnóza etiologie terapie MeSH
- skolióza diagnóza etiologie terapie MeSH
- spondylóza diagnóza etiologie komplikace terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
Non-carbonic buffer power (βNC) of blood is a pivotal concept in acid-base physiology as it is employed in several acid-base evaluation techniques, including the Davenport nomogram and the Van Slyke equation used for Base excess estimation in blood. So far, βNC has been assumed to be independent of metabolic acid-base status of blood, despite theoretical rationale for the contrary. In the current study, we used CO2 tonometry to assess βNC in blood samples from 10 healthy volunteers, simultaneously analyzing the electrolyte shifts across the red blood cell membrane as these shifts translate the action of intracellular non-carbonic buffers to plasma. The βNC of the blood was re-evaluated after experimental induction of metabolic acidosis obtained by adding a moderate or high amount of either hydrochloric or lactic acid to the samples. Moreover, the impact of βNC and pCO2 on the Base excess of blood was examined. In the control samples, βNC was 28.0 ± 2.5 mmol/L. In contrast to the traditional assumptions, our data showed that βNC rose by 0.36 mmol/L for each 1 mEq/l reduction in plasma strong ion difference (p < 0.0001) and was independent of the acid used. This could serve as a protective mechanism that increases the resilience of blood to the combination of metabolic and respiratory acidosis. Sodium and chloride were the only electrolytes whose plasma concentration changed relevantly during CO2 titration. Although no significant difference was found between the electrolyte shifts in the two types of acidosis, we observed a slightly higher rate of chloride change in hyperchloremic acidosis, while the variation of sodium was more pronounced in lactic acidosis. Lastly, we found that the rise of βNC in metabolic acidosis did not induce a clinically relevant bias in the calculation of Base excess of blood and confirmed that the Base excess of blood was little affected by a wide range of pCO2.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This case study describes the experimental determination of displacements and stresses on a composite model of a pelvis that was modified to represent a healthy intact pelvic ring. The modified model was stressed statically up to 1750 N to simulate standing on one leg and also cyclically to model walking. For two different model settings in the loading machine the values of displacements and stresses at the pelvic ring were determined. The two different settings correspond to two different loading vectors applied on the pelvic ring, boundary conditions and degrees of freedom. The experimentally determined values of displacements in both settings are very similar and in accordance with the knowledge on the behaviour of a real human pelvis. The modified model is thus suitable for testing of newly developed implants for pelvis treatment and experimental determination of displacements and stresses in pelvic ring which are caused by application of implants.
- MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pánev * MeSH
- pánevní kosti * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
