INTRODUCTION: The current study tested the longitudinal bidirectional links between changes in sleep quality and two measures of internalizing problems, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and whether these links differed between males and females. METHODS: Longitudinal data were collected from 570 early adolescents (58.6% female; Mage = 12.43 years, SD = 0.66 at Time 1) who were assessed four times over the course of 1.5 years. RESULTS: Cross-lagged panel models were hypothesized and tested the bidirectional links between sleep quality and both depressive and anxiety symptoms; multigroup tests were used to test for sex differences. Sleep quality and developmental changes in sleep quality were negatively associated with developmental changes in depressive symptoms as well as anxiety symptoms over time, and vice versa. These associations did not differ between male and female early adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings provide evidence that the relationship between poor sleep quality and depressive symptoms as well as anxiety symptoms are likely bidirectional and consistently intertwined. Clinicians might consider both problems to better guide case conceptualization and treatment.

• MeSH
• deprese komplikace   epidemiologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kvalita spánku * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• poruchy iniciace a udržování spánku * epidemiologie   MeSH
• spánek MeSH
• úzkost komplikace   epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The current study tested the extent to which the neighborhood context influenced Roma youth adjustment (internalizing and externalizing problems, and academic competence) and whether ethnicity moderated these links and explained unique variance. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were collected from 369 Roma and non-Roma early and middle adolescents. RESULTS: Roma youth reported significantly lower SES, school grades, and academic aspirations. Perceived fear or concerns about neighborhood safety predicted all three internalizing problems, for both Roma and non-Roma adolescents; neighborhood acquaintanceship density and nighttime social activities predicted externalizing behaviors, for both ethnic groups; and finally, both ethnicity and nighttime social activities predicted school grades, while only ethnicity predicted academic aspirations. No significant by ethnicity interaction effects were found. CONCLUSIONS: Roma youth reported lower grades and academic aspirations, but no mean level differences were found in internalizing or externalizing problems by ethnicity. On the other hand, neighborhood variables were important for both groups of youth, and with the exception of measures of academic competence, ethnicity did not explain unique variance. Thus, developmental processes, the links between neighborhood variables and measures of adjustment, were highly similar in Roma and non-Roma youth.

• MeSH
• běloši psychologie   MeSH
• charakteristiky bydlení * MeSH
• chování mladistvých psychologie   MeSH
• etnicita psychologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• Romové psychologie   MeSH
• sociální chování * MeSH
• stupeň vzdělání * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Mitochondria-targeting peptides represent an emergent tool for cancer inhibition. Here supramolecular assemblies of novel amphiphilic cell-penetrating peptides for targeting cancer cell mitochondria are reported. The employed strategy aims at amplifying the apoptotic stimuli by weakening the mitochondrial VDAC1 (voltage-dependent anion channel-1)-hexokinase-II (HK-II) interaction. Peptide engineering is performed with the N-terminus of the HK-II protein, which binds to VDAC1. First, a designed positively charged segment (pKV) is anchored to the specific 15 amino acid sequence (MIASHLLAYFFTELN) to yield a cell-penetrating peptide (pHK-pKV). Second, a lipid chain (Pal) is conjugated to the N-terminus of pHK-pKV in order to enhance the intracellular delivery of the HK-II scaffold. The self-assembly properties of these two synthetic peptides are investigated by synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (BioSAXS) and cryogenic transmission electron (cryo-TEM) imaging, which evidence the formation of nanoassemblies of ellipsoid-like shapes. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy demonstrates the induction of partial α-helical structures in the amphiphilic peptides. Confocal microscopy reveals the specific mitochondrial location of Pal-pHK-pKV assemblies in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells. The cytotoxicity and apoptotic studies indicate the enhanced bioactivity of Pal-pHK-pKV self-assembled reservoirs, which cause massive A549 cell death with regard to pHK-pKV. Of significance, Pal-pHK-pKV treatment of non-cancerous NCM460 cells resulted in substantially lower cytotoxicity. The results demonstrate the potential of self-assembled lipo-peptide (HK-II-derived) conjugates as a promising strategy in cancer therapy.

• MeSH
• buněčná smrt účinky léků   MeSH
• buňky A549 MeSH
• hexokinasa metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipidy chemie   MeSH
• lipopeptidy chemická syntéza   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• mitochondrie metabolismus   MeSH
• nádory plic farmakoterapie   patologie   MeSH
• napětím ovládaný aniontový kanál 1 metabolismus   MeSH
• penetrační peptidy chemická syntéza   metabolismus   MeSH
• povrchově aktivní látky metabolismus   MeSH
• systémy cílené aplikace léků metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most frequently inherited form of intellectual disability and prevalent single-gene cause of autism. A priority of FXS research is to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying the cognitive and social functioning impairments in humans and the FXS mouse model. Glutamate ionotropic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptors (AMPARs) mediate a majority of fast excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system and are critically important for nearly all aspects of brain function, including neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, and learning and memory. Both preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that expression, trafficking, and functions of AMPARs are altered and result in altered synapse development and plasticity, cognitive impairment, and poor mental health in FXS. In this review, we discuss the contribution of AMPARs to disorders of FXS by highlighting recent research advances with a specific focus on change in AMPARs expression, trafficking, and dependent synaptic plasticity. Since changes in synaptic strength underlie the basis of learning, development, and disease, we suggest that the current knowledge base of AMPARs has reached a unique point to permit a comprehensive re-evaluation of their roles in FXS.

• MeSH
• AMPA receptory genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mentální retardace genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• mutace fyziologie   MeSH
• neuroplasticita fyziologie   MeSH
• syndrom fragilního X genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• transport proteinů fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH