Brominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) are increasingly reported at significant levels in various matrices, including consumer goods that are manufactured from plastics containing certain brominated flame retardants. PBDD/Fs are known ligands for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) but are not yet considered in the hazard assessment of dioxin mixtures. The aim of the present study was to determine if PBDD/Fs levels present in plastic constituents of toys could pose a threat to children's health. PBDD/Fs, unlike their chlorinated counterparts (PCDD/Fs), have not been officially assigned toxic equivalence factors (TEFs) by the WHO therefore, we determined their relative potency towards AhR activation in both human and rodent cell-based DR CALUX® bioassays. This allowed us to compare GC-HRMS PBDD/F congener levels, converted to total Toxic Equivalents (TEQ) by using the PCDD/F TEFs, to CALUX Bioanalytical Equivalents (BEQ) levels present in contaminated plastic constituents from children's toys. Finally, an estimate was made of the daily ingestion of TEQs from PBDD/Fs-contaminated plastic toys by child mouthing habits. It is observed that the daily ingestion of PBDD/Fs from contaminated plastic toys may significantly contribute to the total dioxin daily intake of young children.

• MeSH
• biotest MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• hra a hračky * MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• luciferasy genetika   MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí metody   MeSH
• plastické hmoty chemie   normy   MeSH
• plynová chromatografie s hmotnostně spektrometrickou detekcí MeSH
• polychlorované dibenzodioxiny analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• polychlorované dibenzofurany analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků genetika   MeSH
• reportérové geny MeSH
• retardanty hoření analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• transfekce MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), together with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), represent highly toxic and persistent organic environmental pollutants, especially due to their capability for bioaccumulation in fatty tissues. To observe the environmentally relevant effect of these compounds on earthworms, two soils naturally contaminated with PCDD/Fs and PAHs were used in our experiments. We focused on the role of CuZn- and Mn-superoxide dismutases. We assembled a full-length sequences of these molecules from Eisenia andrei earthworm and confirmed their activity. We demonstrated the significant reduction of CuZn-SOD on both mRNA and enzyme activity levels and increased levels of reactive oxygen species in earthworms kept in PCDD/F-polluted soil, which corresponds to the observed histopathologies of the earthworm intestinal wall and adjacent chloragogenous tissue. The results show an important role of CuZn-SOD in earthworm tissue damage caused by PCDD/Fs present in soil. We did not detect any significant changes in the mRNA expression or activity of Mn-SOD in these earthworms. In earthworms maintained in PAH-polluted soil the activity of both CuZn-SOD and Mn-SOD significantly increased. No histopathological changes were detected in these worms, however significant decrease of coelomocyte viability was observed. This reduced viability was most likely independent of oxidative stress.

• MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu toxicita   MeSH
• Oligochaeta anatomie a histologie   účinky léků   enzymologie   MeSH
• polychlorované dibenzodioxiny toxicita   MeSH
• polychlorované dibenzofurany toxicita   MeSH
• polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky toxicita   MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus   MeSH
• superoxid dismutáza 1 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH