OBJECTIVE: In most indicators of the way of life, the Roma community is generally different from the majority population and dominant culture. The objective of the study was to describe factors affecting the health of the Roma living in Slovakia, with an emphasis on the sexual and reproductive health of Roma women, and report on the results of analysis of high-risk pregnancies of Roma women in the district of Rimavská Sobota, Slovakia. METHODS: A retrospective study of medical documentation was used. The results were analyzed using the absolute and relative frequencies. Statistical methods were used. RESULTS: A total of 1,256 high-risk pregnancies were analyzed, of which 622 (49.52%) were in Roma women. The average age of Roma respondents was lower by 5 years compared to non-Roma. The age of Roma women at the first pregnancy was statistically significantly lower compared to non-Roma (p < 0.001). The Roma respondents achieved statistically significantly lower levels of education than non-Roma. There was a demonstrably higher number of pregnancies as well as a higher number of artificial and spontaneous abortions per Roma woman. These results were statistically significant. For Roma women, pregnancy began to be risky demonstrably earlier than for non-Roma (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in attending prenatal counselling. Roma women attended prenatal counselling statistically significantly less frequently than non-Roma (p < 0.001). A significant statistical dependence was found between attending prenatal counselling and the onset of pregnancy problems in Roma women. There was no significant difference in the incidence of other diseases associated with high-risk pregnancy among Roma and non-Roma respondents. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that Roma women are exposed to health problems in the area of sexual and reproductive health in Slovakia. In the approach to the Roma, it is essential to focus on improving accessibility to health care, prevention, knowledgeableness and effectively preventing, eradicating and strongly penalizing all forms of discrimination in access to health care, especially for Roma women, who are more likely to receive health care.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- indukovaný potrat statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- komplikace těhotenství etnologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- parita MeSH
- prenatální péče statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- reprodukční zdraví etnologie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- rizikové těhotenství etnologie MeSH
- Romové etnologie MeSH
- samovolný potrat etnologie MeSH
- služby v oblasti reprodukčního zdraví statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- sociální determinanty zdraví MeSH
- socioekonomické faktory MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
V mnohých vyspelých krajinách je pôrod v domácom prostredí rovnocennou alternatívou pôrodov v zdravotníckych zariadeniach.. Na Slovensku sú extramurálne pôrody skôr prisudzované sociálne slabým a vylúčeným skupinám obyvateľstva. Ich početnými zástupcami sú Rómovia. Cieľ: Cieľom retrospektívnej štúdie bolo preskúmať extramurálne pôrody v okrese Rimavská Sobota v kontexte celkového pohľadu na sexuálne a reprodukčné zdravie Rómov. Metodika: V sledovanom období rokov 2009-2013, sa vyskytlo 48 pôrodov mimo zdravotníckeho zariadenia. Výsledky retrospektívnej štúdie sme analyzovali absolútnou a relatívnou početnosťou. Vzájomnú závislosť medzi premennými sme zisťovali Pearsonovým korelačným koeficientom a Chi-kvadrát testom. Silu závislosti sme merali Cramerovým V koeficientom. Výsledky: Z celkového počtu 48 extramurálnych pôrodov bolo 44 (91,7 %) rodičiek rómskeho pôvodu, 68,7 % nechodilo do prenatálnej poradne vôbec, resp. nepravidelne. Priemerný vek rodičiek bol 26,3 rokov, 91,7 % bolo bez vzdelania. Bola dokázaná vysoká nepriama štatistická závislosť medzi návštevou prenatálnej poradne a pôrodmi extramuros a medzi vekom rodičiek a pôrodmi extramuros. Záver: Zo zistení vyplýva, že informovanosť sociálne slabších skupín obyvateľstva, s ohľadom na riziko vzniku komplikácií pri pôrodoch realizovaných mimo zdravotníckeho zariadenia, je nedostatočná. Autorky vidia riešenie v realizácii efektívnejšej edukácie zameranej na sexuálne a reprodukčné zdravie mladých rómskych žien a ich dôslednejšej príprave na pôrod.
In many developed countries, a home birth is still an alternative to a birth in a health facility. In Slovakia, extramural births tend to be associated with underprivileged and marginalized groups of the population. The large ethnic group of Romani people is one such group. Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to examine extramural births in Rimavská Sobota, a small town in Southern Slovakia, in the context of the overall sexual and reproductive health of Romani. Methods: During the study period between 2009 and 2013, there were 48 registered births in the town outside a health facility. The results of the retrospective study were analyzed in terms of absolute and relative frequency. Relationship between the variables was investigated by the Pearson correlation coefficient and by the chi-square test. The strength of relationship was measured by Cramér’s V coefficient. Results: Forty-four (91.7%) out of 48 extramural births involved Romani mothers, and 68.7% of them took counselling sessions irregularly or never. The mean age of mothers was 26.3 years, and 91.7% of them had no formal education. A strong indirect statistical relationship between counselling sessions and extramural births was demonstrated, as well as between the mother’s age and an extramural birth. Conclusion: The findings suggest that awareness among socially deprived population groups of the risks and possible complications involved in giving birth outside a health facility is inadequate. The authors see a solution in the effective implementation of sexual and reproductive health education of young Romani women and a more comprehensive preparation on their part for childbirth.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- porod doma * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- prenatální péče statistika a číselné údaje využití MeSH
- reprodukční zdraví * etnologie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- Romové * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- sociální determinanty zdraví MeSH
- sociální marginalizace MeSH
- zdravotní výchova MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
