• MeSH
• fyzická vytrvalost MeSH
• metafyzické vztahy mezi duší a tělem MeSH
• přežití psychologie   MeSH
• psychická odolnost MeSH
• tělesná námaha MeSH
• úrazy a nehody MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NLK Obory
• lékařství
• zájmy a záliby
• psychologie, klinická psychologie
• NLK Publikační typ
• literatura faktu

Východiská: Osteoporóza predstavuje ako civilizačné ochorenie celosvetový problém, s rastúcou tendenciou výskytu. Znalosť rizikových faktorov môže u obyvateľstva účinnou realizáciou preventívnych aktivít prispieť k znižovaniu výskytu ochorenia. Cieľ: Zistiť mieru informovanosti o rizikových faktoroch osteoporózy a zmapovať ich prítomnosť u pacientov, ktorí neboli doposiaľ liečení na osteoporózu alebo preventívne iba užívali preparát kalcia a vitamínu D. Metódy: Na zisťovanie informovanosti pacientov o rizikových faktoroch osteoporózy bol použitý neštandardizovaný dotazník vlastnej konštrukcie. Zber dát sa uskutočnil v termíne od 15. septembra do 15. decembra 2016 medzi pacientmi Osteocentra 1. súkromnej nemocnice Košice – Šaca, ktorí sa dostavili na denzitometrické vyšetrenie. Pri spracovaní údajov bola použitá jednoduchá a opisná deskriptívna štatistika – absolútna početnosť (n) a relatívna početnosť (%). Výsledky boli spracované v programe Microsoft Excel 2010. Výsledky: Štúdie sa zú častnilo 151 respondentov. Výsledky potvrdili primeranú znalosť vhodných opatrení znižujúcich riziko vzniku osteoporózy, ale objavili sa aj nedostatky. Respondenti najčastejšie uvádzali konzumáciu potravín s dostatočným prísunom vápnika (mlieko a jogurty) a dostatok aktívneho pohybu, ktorému sa v dĺžke trvania aspoň tridsať minút venuje denne tretina respondentov. Dennú konzumáciu mlieka a mliečnych výrobkov potvrdila polovica respondentov, pričom ten istý počet sa priznal k sporadickej konzumácii rýb. Deficit vidíme v informovanosti o rozumnom slnení, kde iba 12 % respondentov správne uviedlo, že slnenie znižuje riziko osteoporózy. Nízka bola aj informovanosť o maku ako zdroji s vysokým obsahom vápnika, čo prezentovalo len 17 % našich respondentov. Najvýraznejší rizikový faktor zvyšujúci u našich respondentov riziko vzniku ochorenia je pokles telesnej výšky od mladosti o viac ako tri centimetre a u žien predčasná menopauza pred 45. rokom života. Záver: Poznanie a odstraňovanie rizikových faktorov a realizácia prevencie môžu byť nápomocné pri eliminácii výskytu ochorenia. Považujeme preto zo strany sestier za dôležité zvyšovať informovať pacientov v primárnej zdravotnej starostlivosti.

Scope: Osteoporosis, with growing tendency of occurrence, presents a worldwide problem. Knowledge of risk factors can contribute to the decrease of the occurrence of the disease among the population by the realisation of prevention activities. Aim: To find out the level of informedness about the risk factors of osteoporosis and map out their presence with patients who have not yet been treated for osteoporosis or have used calcium and vitamin D medication preventively. Methods: Non-standard questionnaire of own construction has been used to find out the patient informedness about osteoporosis risk factors, but certain insufficiencies appeared. Data collection took place between 15th September and 15th December 2016 among the patients of Osteocenter of 1st Private Hospital Košice – Šaca, who had been attending densiometric examination. Single and descriptive statistics was used to process the data - absolute percent occurence (n) and relative percent occurence (%). The results were processed in programme Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: 151 respondents participated in the study. The results have confirmed appropriate knowledge of suitable measures decreasing the risk of osteoporosis genesis but insufficiencies have appeared as well. The most frequently presented issue was the consumption of food with sufficient content of calcium (milk and yoghurts) and sufficient active exercise at least thirty minutes long, which is performed by third of respondents. Daily consumption of milk and dairy products has been confirmed by a half of respondents while the same number has acknowledged sporadic consumption of fish. The deficit is seen in the informedness about sensible sunbathing when only 12% of respondents presented that sunbathing lowers the risk of osteoporosis. Informedness about poppy seeds as a source with high content of calcium was low as well as only 17% of the respondents knew this. The most distinct risk factor increasing the risk of the disease occurrence among the patients is the decrease of physical height since the young age by more than three centimeters with females and premature menopause among women younger than 45. Conclusion: Awareness and elimination of risk factors and realisation of prevention can be helpful in the elimination of the occurrence of the disease. This is the reason why it is considered to be important for nurses to increase the level of informedness of patients in primary health care.

• Klíčová slova
• recenzovaný článek,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• osteoporóza epidemiologie   etiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• primární prevence MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Introduction: The working poor is a relatively new term which has been discussed recently. These people work, but their income is below the poverty line. Many times, it is close to the minimum wage. Working for a low income brings people much stress, which leads to physical and psychological problems. Materials and methods: This research was carried out using quantitative research strategies. The Holmes-Rahe Stress Inventory standardized questionnaire was used for data collection. Their statistical analysis was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics 24 programme. The sample group included 358 working poor inhabitants of the South Bohemian Region. Results: The research showed that the respondents’ average score was between 150 and 300 points. There were 138, which means that, in the next two years, there is a 50% chance that they will have various health problems. The score of 90 respondents was higher than 300 points, which means that they have an 80% chance of having health problems in two years time. The fourth most frequent cause of stress was the possibility of “employment change”. Conclusion: It is very important to study stress and its effect on people. Many studies show how stress can negatively affect us and our health and how great a burden in life it can be. Our research showed that, last year, one-third of the respondents believed that one of the most stressful situations was the change or loss of employment.

• MeSH
• fyziologický stres MeSH
• hodnotící studie jako téma MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pracující chudí psychologie   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• psychický stres MeSH
• psychosomatické poruchy MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• lékařství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• periodika MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NLK Obory
• lékařství

• MeSH
• neurologie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• periodika MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• neurologie