In a cross-test, we examined 55 strains of Citrobacter youngae against each other as potential producers of temperate bacteriophages and as potential sensitive indicators for them. Ten strains (18.2 %) showed the production of phages. Seven different strain-specific spectra of activity (from 1 to 11 strains each) were found. Phage production by 6 strains was inducible with mitomycin C, in 4 strains it was not inducible. The plaques of the phages were more or less turbid, without a lytic halo, tiny to small, 0.2-1.3 mm in diameter. Using a polyclonal, specific anti-lambda serum, all 10 phages were found to be clearly distinct from E. coli lambda phage, the phage 31/47 showing the highest neutralization titre of all. Interspecific tests with 15 strains of 8 species of Enterobacteriaceae revealed not a single case of activity of Citrobacter phages towards any of them. Five phage-immune clones lysogenized with 5 of the phages kept their remaining phage sensitivity spectra, though extended by sensitivity to 1-3 phages; 2 of these strains acquired also sensitivity to phage lambda. The phages belong to the morphotypes of Myoviridae (6 phages) and Siphoviridae (4 phages), with head diameters of 51-58 nm and tail length of 97-173 nm. Three strains produced corpuscular bacteriocins.
- MeSH
- aktivace viru MeSH
- bakteriofágy klasifikace fyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- Citrobacter virologie MeSH
- fagotypizace MeSH
- lyzogenie MeSH
- mitomycin farmakologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- mitomycin MeSH
Sensitivity of spheroplasts (prepared in two ways) of a colicin-sensitive strain, of colicin-resistant and of colicin-tolerant mutants and of strains immune to colicins E1 and E2 was estimated and compared. Generally, the removal of the peptidoglycan layer brought about a slight nonspecific support for colicin translocation across the cell wall in sensitive, tolB tolerant and immune bacteria. tolB spheroplasts were colicin E1-sensitive, but E2-insensitive. Spheroplasts were always fragile and lysed spontaneously, especially those produced by lysozyme. Bacteria carrying tolA, tolQ and tolR mutations kept their colicin insensitivity as spheroplasts, just as the resistant ones. Bacteria rendered colicinogenic and hence colicin-immune turned to high colicin sensitivity in spheroplast form. The results indicate a change in plasma membrane associated with the spheroplast formation.
- MeSH
- buněčná membrána účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků genetika metabolismus MeSH
- koliciny metabolismus farmakologie MeSH
- membránové proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- peptidoglykan chemie MeSH
- proteiny z Escherichia coli genetika metabolismus MeSH
- sféroplasty účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- transport proteinů MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- koliciny MeSH
- membránové proteiny MeSH
- peptidoglykan MeSH
- proteiny z Escherichia coli MeSH
- tolA protein, E coli MeSH Prohlížeč
- tolQ protein, E coli MeSH Prohlížeč
- tolR protein, E coli MeSH Prohlížeč
