OBJECTIVE: Toxoplasmosis is a lifelong parasitic disease that appears to be associated to schizophrenia. However, no distinguishing attributes in Toxoplasma-infected schizophrenia patients have been described as yet. METHOD: We searched for differences in symptom profile, cognitive performance and treatment response between 194 Toxoplasma-free and 57 (22.7%) Toxoplasma-infected schizophrenia patients treated in Prague Psychiatric Centre between 2000 and 2010. RESULTS: Infected and non-infected patients differed in severity of symptoms (P = 0.032) measured with the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS). Infected patients scored higher in positive subscale of PANSS, but not in the general and negative subscales. Infected men scored higher also in Total PANSS score, and negative, reality distortion, disorganisation and cognitive scores. Higher PANSS scores of positive, negative and disorganised psychopathology were associated with the lower titres of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies suggesting that psychopathology deteriorates with duration of parasitic infection. Infected patients remained about 33 days longer in hospital during their last admission than uninfected ones (P = 0.003). Schizophrenia started approximately 1 year earlier in infected men and about 3 years later in infected women, no such difference was observed in uninfected subjects. CONCLUSION: Latent toxoplasmosis in schizophrenia may lead to more severe positive psychopathology and perhaps less favourable course of schizophrenia.

• MeSH
• délka pobytu statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy epidemiologie   parazitologie   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mozková toxoplazmóza epidemiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• psychiatrické posuzovací škály MeSH
• rozložení podle pohlaví MeSH
• schizofrenie (psychologie) * MeSH
• schizofrenie epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• MeSH
• ambulantní péče MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• denní péče o pacienty MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hmotnostní přírůstek * MeSH
• kooperační chování * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mezioborová komunikace * MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• motivace MeSH
• obezita prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• primární zdravotní péče * MeSH
• psychiatrie * MeSH
• redukční dieta psychologie   MeSH
• týmová péče o pacienty * MeSH
• vzdělávání pacientů jako téma * MeSH
• zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• dopisy MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

We summarize specific features of alcohol-related problems in elderly patients. About one third alcohol dependent elderly patients develop their alcohol dependence while already aged. It often happens after stressful life events such as retirement or bereavement. Such patients can be treated more easily and alcohol does not cause so many somatic complications in them when compared with those elderly who develop their dependence earlier. Alcohol-related problems in elderly patients should be recognized and treated as soon as possible. Cognitive-behavioural therapy, supportive group therapy with peers (especially in lonely patients), self-help groups, such as Alcoholics Anonymous, and family therapy are appropriate. Modern anticraving medication can be also effective but comparatively high price limits its use.

• MeSH
• alkoholismus * prevence a kontrola   psychologie   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

The report informs of the Consultation organized by the World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe in Prague, 24.-26. June 1992. It was attended by 27 experts from 15 countries. The scope of the Consultation was to review effective approaches to stress management in the community setting. Considering the fact the growing number of persons and population groups in Europe Region are exposed to major stressful situations there is great need for help either from the health and social welfare system as well as from various non-professional organization. During the Consultation the definition of the stress management and prevention, examples of intervention programmes and particularly set of recommendation to the WHO and its Member States in European Region were elaborated.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• psychický stres psychologie   terapie   MeSH
• Světová zdravotnická organizace MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kongresy MeSH

Psychiatry Demography Unit of Psychiatric Center Prague is one of the participating sites in the transcultural study on Long-term Course and Outcome of Schizophrenia coordinated by World Health Organization (WHO). The aim of the project is to learn more about factors predicting the long-term course and outcome and to investigate socio-cultural differences in schizophrenic patients. The present research builds upon the earlier WHO coordinated studies: International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia (IPSS) carried out in 1968-1969 in 13 centers including Czechoslovakia (N = 1202) and Study on Determinants of Outcome of Severe Mental Disorder (DOSMed) taken place between 1978-1980. The finding of IPSS and DOSMed were notable: incidence of narrowly defined schizophrenia did not vary greatly across cultures in opposite of the variation of short term outcome of illness that was more favourable in developing than in industrialized nations. The present follow-up study of the DOSMed and the IPSS patients (after 14 and 24 years) allow the examination of a large enough sample in a relatively short time and facilitate the development of new instruments, which provide a unique opportunity of their further cultural valid application for our center.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• schizofrenie * MeSH
• Světová zdravotnická organizace MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH

Two stage probability samples were selected to represent the populations resident in one metropolitan (Prague-1 n = 484) and one country (Opava n = 538) geographical and administrative district. The index cases were contacted and surveyed in a field study. Data were collected by means of standardized interviews by nurses and social workers and complemented from GP's case notes, if available. A significant proportion of cases had no contact with health services at all. Both samples were followed-up for three years. The description of cases was condensed into 27 meaningful variables assessing social, health and living characteristics at the time of the beginning of the study. 11 follow-up course and outcome criteria were derived from the follow-up data in a similar way. Results of the metropolitan and country sample comparison of social and health care needs of five age groups, and of multivariate analysis of predictive relation between the initial characteristics and development and outcome criteria dependent variables are presented and discussed.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři * MeSH
• sociální podmínky * MeSH
• zdravotní stav * MeSH
• zdravotnické služby statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Československo MeSH