The bacterial and microeukaryotic biodiversity were studied using pyrosequencing analysis on a 454 GS FLX+ platform of partial SSU rRNA genes in terrestrial and aquatic habitats of the Sør Rondane Mountains, including soils, on mosses, endolithic communities, cryoconite holes and supraglacial and subglacial meltwater lenses. This inventory was complemented with Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis targeting Chlorophyta and Cyanobacteria. OTUs belonging to the Rotifera, Chlorophyta, Tardigrada, Ciliophora, Cercozoa, Fungi, Bryophyta, Bacillariophyta, Collembola and Nematoda were present with a relative abundance of at least 0.1% in the eukaryotic communities. Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, FBP and Actinobacteria were the most abundant bacterial phyla. Multivariate analyses of the pyrosequencing data revealed a general lack of differentiation of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes according to habitat type. However, the bacterial community structure in the aquatic habitats was dominated by the filamentous cyanobacteria Leptolyngbya and appeared to be significantly different compared with those in dry soils, on mosses, and in endolithic habitats. A striking feature in all datasets was the detection of a relatively large amount of sequences new to science, which underscores the need for additional biodiversity assessments in Antarctic inland locations.

• Klíčová slova
• Antarctica, bacteria, cyanobacteria, eukaryotes, green algae, terrestrial biodiversity,
• MeSH
• Acidobacteria genetika   MeSH
• Actinobacteria genetika   MeSH
• Bacteroidetes genetika   MeSH
• biodiverzita MeSH
• Chlorophyta genetika   MeSH
• denaturační gradientová gelová elektroforéza MeSH
• ekosystém MeSH
• houby klasifikace   genetika   MeSH
• Proteobacteria genetika   MeSH
• půda chemie   MeSH
• půdní mikrobiologie MeSH
• RNA ribozomální genetika   MeSH
• sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• sinice genetika   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Antarktida MeSH
• Názvy látek
• půda MeSH
• RNA ribozomální MeSH