During the summer of 2018, a widespread drought developed over Northern and Central Europe. The increase in temperature and the reduction of soil moisture have influenced carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange between the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems in various ways, such as a reduction of photosynthesis, changes in ecosystem respiration, or allowing more frequent fires. In this study, we characterize the resulting perturbation of the atmospheric CO2 seasonal cycles. 2018 has a good coverage of European regions affected by drought, allowing the investigation of how ecosystem flux anomalies impacted spatial CO2 gradients between stations. This density of stations is unprecedented compared to previous drought events in 2003 and 2015, particularly thanks to the deployment of the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) network of atmospheric greenhouse gas monitoring stations in recent years. Seasonal CO2 cycles from 48 European stations were available for 2017 and 2018. Earlier data were retrieved for comparison from international databases or national networks. Here, we show that the usual summer minimum in CO2 due to the surface carbon uptake was reduced by 1.4 ppm in 2018 for the 10 stations located in the area most affected by the temperature anomaly, mostly in Northern Europe. Notwithstanding, the CO2 transition phases before and after July were slower in 2018 compared to 2017, suggesting an extension of the growing season, with either continued CO2 uptake by photosynthesis and/or a reduction in respiration driven by the depletion of substrate for respiration inherited from the previous months due to the drought. For stations with sufficiently long time series, the CO2 anomaly observed in 2018 was compared to previous European droughts in 2003 and 2015. Considering the areas most affected by the temperature anomalies, we found a higher CO2 anomaly in 2003 (+3 ppm averaged over 4 sites), and a smaller anomaly in 2015 (+1 ppm averaged over 11 sites) compared to 2018. This article is part of the theme issue 'Impacts of the 2018 severe drought and heatwave in Europe: from site to continental scale'.

• Klíčová slova
• ICOS, atmospheric CO2 measurements, drought, net ecosystem exchange,
• MeSH
• atmosféra analýza   MeSH
• ekosystém * MeSH
• koloběh uhlíku * MeSH
• období sucha * MeSH
• oxid uhličitý analýza   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH
• Názvy látek
• oxid uhličitý MeSH

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is due to pressure overload or mechanical stretch and is thought to be associated with remodeling of gap-junctions. We investigated whether the expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) is altered in humans in response to different degrees of LVH. The expression of Cx43 was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry on left ventricular biopsies from patients undergoing aortic or mitral valve replacement. Three groups were analyzed: patients with aortic stenosis with severe LVH (n=9) versus only mild LVH (n=7), and patients with LVH caused by mitral regurgitation (n=5). Cx43 mRNA expression and protein expression were similar in the three groups studied. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry revealed no change in Cx43 distribution. We can conclude that when compared with mild LVH or with LVH due to volume overload, severe LVH due to chronic pressure overload is not accompanied by detectable changes of Cx43 expression or spatial distribution.

• MeSH
• aortální stenóza komplikace   metabolismus   patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• biopsie MeSH
• funkce levé komory srdeční MeSH
• hypertrofie levé komory srdeční etiologie   mortalita   patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• imunohistochemie MeSH
• konexin 43 analýza   genetika   MeSH
• krevní tlak MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• messenger RNA analýza   MeSH
• mitrální insuficience komplikace   metabolismus   patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• myokard chemie   patologie   MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce s reverzní transkripcí MeSH
• regulace genové exprese MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• western blotting MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• GJA1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• konexin 43 MeSH
• messenger RNA MeSH

The aim of the study was to analyse the reproductive outcome after laparoscopic myomectomy (LM) in infertile patients. Between the years 1994-2007 were 351 infertile women operated in our department. The average age of the patients was 33.5. The total number of extirpated fibroids was 643, with the average of 1.7 per patient and the average size of 3.3 cm. 171 women (48.7%) became pregnant after LM. There were 119 deliveries, 16 spontaneous abortions and 6 ectopic pregnancies in this group. The caesarean section (CS) rate was 46.2% . Intramural localisation of the fibroid significantly correlated with the termination of pregnancy by CS. I. and II. trimester pregnancy loss correlated significantly with deep coagulation when conception occurred during 12 months after surgery. No uterine rupture was observed during pregnancy.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• laparoskopie * MeSH
• leiomyom komplikace   chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mimoděložní těhotenství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nádory dělohy komplikace   chirurgie   MeSH
• samovolný potrat MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• vedení porodu metody   MeSH
• ženská infertilita komplikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH