Chaetomium species have been rarely described as aetiological agents of invasive and dermatomycotic infections in humans. The majority of cases have been reported within the last two decades. Treatment failed in most of these cases. In this paper we present two cases in which Chaetomium spp. can be clearly identified as an aetiological agent in pathological conditions. In the first report, we describe a new aetiological agent, Chaetomium brasiliense, which was implicated in a case of otitis externa in a patient with spinocellular carcinoma basis cranii. The patient had been repeatedly treated for relapsing otitis externa and had previously undergone surgery several times for otitis media. The fungal aetiology was confirmed by repeated positive culture and histologic studies. The second case involved onychomycosis with strikingly brown nail discoloration due to Chaetomium globosum in an otherwise healthy patient. The nail lesion was successfully cured by oral terbinafine. The determination of both species was supported by sequencing of rDNA regions. The morphological aspect of Chaetomium spp. identification is also discussed. In vitro antifungal susceptibility tests demonstrated that both isolates were susceptible to terbinafine and azole derivates except fluconazole. Amphotericin B was effective only against the C. brasiliense strain. We review the literature to summarize clinical presentations, histologic findings, and treatment strategies.

• MeSH
• antifungální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• Chaetomium klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• DNA fungální chemie   genetika   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• histocytochemie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mezerníky ribozomální DNA chemie   genetika   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• mikroskopie MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• onychomykóza diagnóza   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• otitis externa diagnóza   mikrobiologie   patologie   MeSH
• phaeohyphomykóza diagnóza   mikrobiologie   patologie   MeSH
• ribozomální DNA chemie   genetika   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antifungální látky MeSH
• DNA fungální MeSH
• mezerníky ribozomální DNA MeSH
• ribozomální DNA MeSH

Gastrointestinal tract is the most commonly (40 %) affected site of the extranodal forms of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Almost half of them are indolent lymphomas, mainly MALT lymphomas. The development of MALT lymphoma temporarily depends on antigen stimulation of Helicobacter pylori. More than 90 % of MALT lymphoma patients are positive for Helicobacter pylori antibodies, but the positivity of biopsy is present in only 60 % of them. Antibiotic therapy in Helicobacter pylori infection may lead to complete regression of the localized primary gastric lymphoma of the MALT type without any anti-tumour therapy. The aim of the case report is to present the disease in the context of possible antibiotic therapy of the tumour.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• Helicobacter pylori * MeSH
• infekce vyvolané Helicobacter pylori komplikace   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfom z B-buněk marginální zóny diagnóza   mikrobiologie   patologie   MeSH
• nádory žaludku diagnóza   mikrobiologie   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study were to find out the incidence of health care-associated bloodstream infections in the Pardubice Regional Hospital (PRH) and to introduce a system of the regular monitoring of these infections. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 2008 - 2009, the incidence of the laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infections (BSIs) was monitored in patients hospitalized in the PRH. In the case of positive blood culture, a protocol was set up in the department of clinical microbiology. The protocol was filled in with the data from the hospital information system and then closed after the evaluation of a physician and a member of the Infection Control Team. RESULTS: During prospective BSI monitoring in the entire PRH, 207 cases BSIs in 185 patients (incidence 0.5 cases per 1 000 patient-days) were monitored. Of these, 59.4 % were related to intensive care in the ICUs. Thirty-eight percent were catheter-associated infections. The most frequent source of secondary BSIs was the urinary system (26 %). A total of 230 pathogenic microorganisms were isolated, with 9.1 % of cases being polymicrobial. The most frequent pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus (17 %), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.3 %) and Serratia marcescens (13 %). The proportion of methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 25,6 %. A total of 13 cultures per 1 000 patient-days were collected. CONCLUSION: The detected incidence BSIs is comparable to thet in foreign studies. The different representation of the most frequently isolated causative agents reflects the actual epidemiological situation and correlates with the outcomes of global monitoring of hospital microbial species.

• MeSH
• bakteriemie diagnóza   epidemiologie   etiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• infekce spojené se zdravotní péčí diagnóza   epidemiologie   etiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH

In the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection, it is possible to use either invasive methods when it is essential to take biopsy samples from endoscopic examination or non-invasive methods which do not require endoscopy. The invasive tests include histological examination, culture, rapid urease test and molecular methods. The non-invasive methods are serological tests, stool antigen detection (HpsAg) and respiratory tests. The article compares biopsy culture with stool antigen detection in a group of 300 patients in whom stool samples were collected simultaneously with endoscopic examination.

• MeSH
• antigeny bakteriální analýza   MeSH
• feces mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Helicobacter pylori imunologie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• infekce vyvolané Helicobacter pylori diagnóza   MeSH
• jehlová biopsie * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• žaludek mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny bakteriální MeSH