INTRODUCTION AND METHODS: We report two series of individuals with DDX3X variations, one (48 individuals) from physicians and one (44 individuals) from caregivers. RESULTS: These two series include several symptoms in common, with fairly similar distribution, which suggests that caregivers' data are close to physicians' data. For example, both series identified early childhood symptoms that were not previously described: feeding difficulties, mean walking age, and age at first words. DISCUSSION: Each of the two datasets provides complementary knowledge. We confirmed that symptoms are similar to those in the literature and provides more details on feeding difficulties. Caregivers considered that the symptom attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder were most worrisome. Both series also reported sleep disturbance. Recently, anxiety has been reported in individuals with DDX3X variants. We strongly suggest that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, and sleep disorders need to be treated.

• Klíčová slova
• DDX3X, ADHD, caregivers, developmental milestones,
• MeSH
• DEAD-box RNA-helikasy MeSH
• hyperkinetická porucha * genetika   terapie   MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• osoby pečující o pacienty * MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• zpráva o sobě MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• DDX3X protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• DEAD-box RNA-helikasy MeSH

INTRO: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of quiet eye training (QET) on inhibitory control, visuospatial working memory (WM), and tonic attention in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS: Forty-eight children with ADHD aged 9-12 years were randomly assigned to QET and control (CON) groups. The QET group practiced targeted hand-eye tasks within a QET protocol developed to optimize controlled attention and gaze through eye fixations. We used the go/no-go (GNG) test, the Corsi test, and the reaction test of alertness (RTA) to verify the effects of QET on inhibition control, WM, and tonic attention. RESULTS: QET group showed significantly shorter reaction times, a higher number of correct responses, and a lower number of omissions in the GNG inhibition test after QET as compared to the pre-measurements, whereas the CON group did not demonstrate significant changes in this test. The measures of WM (Corsi test) and tonic attention (RTA) did not change significantly with the QET-based intervention. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated that the QET protocol, which includes instructions and a video demonstration to optimize eye fixation on a target during aiming tasks, is acceptable and usable for children with ADHD. Overall, a short-term, 5-week visuomotor training intervention based on the quiet eye paradigm was shown to be effective in improving inhibitory control and focused visual attention, but not visuospatial WM and intrinsic attention in 9-12-year-old children with inattentive or combined ADHD.

• Klíčová slova
• ADHD, attention, inhibition, quiet eye, training, working memory,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
• hyperkinetická porucha * terapie   MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• krátkodobá paměť * fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• oční fixace MeSH
• reakční čas MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood that often persists into adulthood and old age. Yet ADHD is currently underdiagnosed and undertreated in many European countries, leading to chronicity of symptoms and impairment, due to lack of, or ineffective treatment, and higher costs of illness. Methods The European Network Adult ADHD and the Section for Neurodevelopmental Disorders Across the Lifespan (NDAL) of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), aim to increase awareness and knowledge of adult ADHD in and outside Europe. This Updated European Consensus Statement aims to support clinicians with research evidence and clinical experience from 63 experts of European and other countries in which ADHD in adults is recognized and treated. Results Besides reviewing the latest research on prevalence, persistence, genetics and neurobiology of ADHD, three major questions are addressed: (1) What is the clinical picture of ADHD in adults? (2) How should ADHD be properly diagnosed in adults? (3) How should adult ADHDbe effectively treated? Conclusions ADHD often presents as a lifelong impairing condition. The stigma surrounding ADHD, mainly due to lack of knowledge, increases the suffering of patients. Education on the lifespan perspective, diagnostic assessment, and treatment of ADHD must increase for students of general and mental health, and for psychiatry professionals. Instruments for screening and diagnosis of ADHD in adults are available, as are effective evidence-based treatments for ADHD and its negative outcomes. More research is needed on gender differences, and in older adults with ADHD.

• Klíčová slova
• Adult ADHD, Diagnosis, EPA, European Network Adult ADHD, Treatment, Updated European Consensus Statement,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• dostupnost zdravotnických služeb normy   MeSH
• hyperkinetická porucha diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• konsensus * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• psychoterapie metody   MeSH
• směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma normy   MeSH
• stimulanty centrálního nervového systému terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH
• Názvy látek
• stimulanty centrálního nervového systému MeSH

OBJECTIVES: This prospective, observational, non-randomized study aimed to describe the relationship between treatment regimen prescribed and the quality of life (QoL) of ADHD patients in countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and Eastern Asia over 12 months. METHODS: 977 Male and female patients aged 6-17 years seeking treatment for symptoms of ADHD were assessed using the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-4 Parent Checklists, and the Clinical Global Impressions-ADHD-Severity scale. QoL was assessed using the Child Health and Illness Profile-Child Edition parent report form. Patients were grouped according to whether they were prescribed psycho- and/or pharmacotherapy (treatment) or not (no/'other' treatment). RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were observed between cohorts (treatment vs. no/'other' treatment) in terms of change in QoL, although there was improvement over 12 months, with a greater improvement experienced by patients in the treatment cohort in both study regions (CEE and Eastern Asia). Psychoeducation/counselling and methylphenidate were the predominant ADHD treatments prescribed. CONCLUSIONS: Although both treatment and no/'other' treatment cohorts showed improvements in mean QoL over 12 months, the difference was small and not statistically significant. A major limitation was the higher than anticipated number of patients switching treatments, predominantly from the no/'other' treatment cohort.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• hyperkinetická porucha farmakoterapie   psychologie   terapie   MeSH
• kvalita života psychologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• methylfenidát terapeutické užití   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• poradenství * MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• stimulanty centrálního nervového systému terapeutické užití   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Dálný východ MeSH
• východní Evropa MeSH
• Názvy látek
• methylfenidát MeSH
• stimulanty centrálního nervového systému MeSH

• MeSH
• hyperkinetická porucha diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• hyperkinetická porucha terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• relaxační terapie * MeSH
• terapie cvičením metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• dětská psychologie MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• hyperkinetická porucha terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• speciální vzdělávání * MeSH
• výchova dítěte * MeSH
• vyučování MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Československo MeSH