OBJECTIVES: This retrospective, observational, non-interventional study describes the demographics, characteristics, immunological and virological status, coinfections, healthcare unit of HIV diagnosis and follow-up status of Ukrainian refugees with newly diagnosed HIV in the Czech Republic, with a special focus on those with a late HIV diagnosis. METHODS: Ukrainian nationals with war refugee status, Ukrainian nationals with Czech Republic resident status and Czech Republic nationals who newly registered at HIV centres in the Czech Republic between March 2022 and June 2023 with a new diagnosis of HIV were included. Data were collected from medical records. The study was registered with the Czech State Institute for Drug Control (ID 2401240000). RESULTS: In total, 298 patients with a new HIV diagnosis were included in the study. Of these, 58 patients were Ukrainian refugees who were retained in care. This cohort had a mean age of 37.0 years (min-max 13-60) and most (62.1%) were women. More than half of the Ukrainian refugees in this study (60.3%) had a late HIV diagnosis; these patients were older than those with a prompt diagnosis (mean age 40.7 vs. 31.5 years, p < 0.001). Ukrainian refugees were infrequently diagnosed in primary care and significantly more likely to have a late HIV diagnosis (60.3% vs. 37.8%, p = 0.005) and be diagnosed at a later HIV stage (p = 0.021) than Czech nationals. CONCLUSION: Ukrainian refugees were more likely to have a late HIV diagnosis than Czech nationals.

• Klíčová slova
• Czech Republic, HIV, Ukraine, late diagnosis, refugees,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• HIV infekce * diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• opožděná diagnóza * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• uprchlíci * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Ukrajina etnologie   MeSH

Objective: To describe the characteristics and management of asthma in clinical practice in the Czech Republic in the context of international guidelines and clinical realities.Methods: Data were collected over four seasons from summer 2016 to spring 2017 and are mostly presented using descriptive statistics.Results: We obtained valid data for 4557 adult patients with asthma, including detailed phenotyping (71% eosinophilic allergic, 10% eosinophilic non-allergic, 19% non-eosinophilic non-allergic asthma) from 58 allergologists and 56 pulmonologists. The average time to diagnosis was 3 years. In more than half of the subjects, bronchodilator testing (BDT) results were available at primary diagnosis. More than 10% of physicians did not test for mold allergy. Occupational asthma was diagnosed in 0.7% of subjects. According to the attending physician, 68% of patients had well-controlled and 10% had uncontrolled asthma. Ninety-four percent of patients were on preventive treatment, with 91% using an inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) at an average dose of 705 µg/day budesonide equivalent. Approximately 75% of patients were on an ICS/LABA, with 91% using fixed combinations. Among patients using ICS/formoterol, a maintenance and reliever therapy regime was prescribed in 67%.Conclusions: The quality of asthma management in the Czech Republic is comparable to that of other developed countries and better in some respects (frequent BDT, phenotyping, and use of preventive treatment). Nevertheless, there is unnecessary delay in diagnosis and lack of research on possible environmental causes (workplace, molds). Pharmacotherapy shows good adherence to guidelines. Although 10% of patients show poor control, there is concurrently a trend for overtreatment.

• Klíčová slova
• Epidemiological survey, allergologists, allergy, asthma diagnosis, eosinophilia; pulmonologists, medical overuse, phenotyping,
• MeSH
• agonisté beta-2-adrenergních receptorů aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• alergologie a imunologie normy   statistika a číselné údaje   trendy   MeSH
• antiastmatika aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• aplikace inhalační MeSH
• bronchiální astma diagnóza   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• budesonid aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• dodržování směrnic statistika a číselné údaje   trendy   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fixní kombinace léků MeSH
• formoterol fumarát MeSH
• glukokortikoidy aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• kombinovaná farmakoterapie metody   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lékové předpisy statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• opožděná diagnóza statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• pneumologie normy   statistika a číselné údaje   trendy   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma MeSH
• společnosti lékařské normy   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• agonisté beta-2-adrenergních receptorů MeSH
• antiastmatika MeSH
• budesonid MeSH
• fixní kombinace léků MeSH
• formoterol fumarát MeSH
• glukokortikoidy MeSH

BACKGROUND: Hereditary angio-oedema (HAE) is manifested by repeated episodes of localised subcutaneous or sub-mucosal oedema. Symptoms are extremely variable in frequency, localisation, and severity. Atypical or mild clinical symptoms of the disease may lead to erroneous diagnosis, causing diagnostic delay. The goal of this study was to assess how diagnostic delay has changed over 33 years at a single referral centre. METHODS: We analysed diagnostic delay and first symptoms of HAE in patients who were diagnosed at an immunology department between 1980 and 2013. Patient's records were analysed. RESULTS: The median diagnostic delay in 77 HAE type 1 and 2 patients was seven (range, 0-42) years. The difference observed in diagnostic delay between probands (18 [0-42] years) and others (1 [0-37] year) was significant (p<0.001). Our data show a significant negative correlation between the length of diagnostic delay and the year of diagnosis in our group of patients (p=0.024). The median age of first symptoms among all HAE patients (N=64) was 17 (1-40) years. The first symptoms of HAE in 64 patients were analysed. Twenty-six patients had abdominal, seventeen peripheral, five facial, two urogenital, and three had laryngeal oedema as the first manifestation of the disease. The last death that was attributed to HAE was in 1977. CONCLUSIONS: Our observations demonstrate improved awareness of HAE among physicians, as documented by the significant decrease in diagnostic delay. It is believed that earlier treatment will improve patient quality of life and life expectancy.

• Klíčová slova
• Diagnostic delay, First symptoms, Hereditary angio-oedema,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hereditární angioedémy diagnóza   genetika   mortalita   MeSH
• inhibiční protein komplementu C1 MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• komplement C1 - inaktivátory analýza   genetika   MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nefelometrie a turbidimetrie MeSH
• opožděná diagnóza statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• inhibiční protein komplementu C1 MeSH
• komplement C1 - inaktivátory MeSH
• SERPING1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč