A series of 13 acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs) as bisamidate prodrugs was prepared. Five compounds were found to be non-cytotoxic and selective inhibitors of Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT) in J774A.1 macrophage cell-based assays. The 8-aza-7-deazapurine derivative of adefovir (PMEA) was found to be the most potent ACT inhibitor in the series (IC50 =16 nm) with substantial selectivity over mammalian adenylate cyclases (mACs). AC inhibitory properties of the most potent analogues were confirmed by direct evaluation of the corresponding phosphonodiphosphates in cell-free assays and were found to be potent inhibitors of both ACT and edema factor (EF) from Bacillus anthracis (IC50 values ranging from 0.5 to 21 nm). Moreover, 7-halo-7-deazapurine analogues of PMEA were discovered to be potent and selective mammalian AC1 inhibitors (no inhibition of AC2 and AC5) with IC50 values ranging from 4.1 to 5.6 μm in HEK293 cell-based assays.

• Klíčová slova
• Bacillus anthracis, Bordetella pertussis, adefovir, adenylate cyclase, inhibitors,
• MeSH
• adenin analogy a deriváty   chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• adenylátcyklasy metabolismus   MeSH
• Bacillus anthracis enzymologie   MeSH
• Bordetella pertussis enzymologie   MeSH
• inhibitory enzymů chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• molekulární struktura MeSH
• organofosfonáty chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Názvy látek
• adefovir MeSH Prohlížeč
• adenin MeSH
• adenylátcyklasy MeSH
• inhibitory enzymů MeSH
• organofosfonáty MeSH

Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT) and Bacillus anthracis edema factor (EF) are key virulence factors with adenylate cyclase (AC) activity that substantially contribute to the pathogenesis of whooping cough and anthrax, respectively. There is an urgent need to develop potent and selective inhibitors of bacterial ACs with prospects for the development of potential antibacterial therapeutics and to study their molecular interactions with the target enzymes. Novel fluorescent 5-chloroanthraniloyl-substituted acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (Cl-ANT-ANPs) were designed and synthesized in the form of their diphosphates (Cl-ANT-ANPpp) as competitive ACT and EF inhibitors with sub-micromolar potency (IC50 values: 11-622 nm). Fluorescence experiments indicated that Cl-ANT-ANPpp analogues bind to the ACT active site, and docking studies suggested that the Cl-ANT group interacts with Phe306 and Leu60. Interestingly, the increase in direct fluorescence with Cl-ANT-ANPpp having an ester linker was strictly calmodulin (CaM)-dependent, whereas Cl-ANT-ANPpp analogues with an amide linker, upon binding to ACT, increased the fluorescence even in the absence of CaM. Such a dependence of binding on structural modification could be exploited in the future design of potent inhibitors of bacterial ACs. Furthermore, one Cl-ANT-ANP in the form of a bisamidate prodrug was able to inhibit B. pertussis ACT activity in macrophage cells with IC50 =12 μm.

• Klíčová slova
• adenylate cyclase, anthrax, antibacterial agents, fluorescence, whooping cough,
• MeSH
• adenylátcyklasy metabolismus   MeSH
• Bordetella pertussis enzymologie   MeSH
• fluorescenční barviva chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• inhibitory adenylylcyklasy chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• makrofágy účinky léků   MeSH
• molekulární struktura MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nukleosidy chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• organofosfonáty chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• racionální návrh léčiv * MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• adenylátcyklasy MeSH
• fluorescenční barviva MeSH
• inhibitory adenylylcyklasy MeSH
• nukleosidy MeSH
• organofosfonáty MeSH