Herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes numerous mild-to-serious human diseases, including mucocutaneous herpes infections and life-threatening herpes encephalitis. Moreover, herpes viral lesions can be complicated by inflammation and secondary bacterial infections. The development of resistance to antiviral drugs along with the undesirable side effects of these drugs are relevant argue for the development of new anti-HSV drugs with diverse mechanisms of action. Eucalyptus extracts have been used for decades to combat various infectious diseases. We isolated and studied 12 pure compounds and one mixture of two constitutional isomers from the leaves and twigs of E. globulus. The structures were identified by spectroscopic methods (NMR, HR-MS, IR) and all of them were tested for antiherpetic activity against the replication of antigen types HSV-1 and HSV-2. Tereticornate A (12) (IC50: 0.96 μg/mL; selectivity index CC50/IC50: 218.8) showed the strongest activity in the anti-HSV-1 assay, even greater than acyclovir (IC50: 1.92 μg/mL; selectivity index CC50/IC50: 109.4), a standard antiviral drug. Cypellocarpin C (5) (EC50: 0.73 μg/mL; selectivity index CC50/EC50: 287.7) showed the most potent anti-HSV-2 activity, also more intensive than acyclovir (EC50: 1.75 μg/mL; selectivity index CC50/EC50: 120.0). The antimicrobial activity of the isolated compounds was also evaluated against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the yeast Candida albicans. The anti-inflammatory potential was examined using LPS-stimulated THP-1-XBlue™-MD2-CD14 and THP-1 macrophages and focusing on the influences of the NF-κB/AP-1 activity and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α.

• Klíčová slova
• Eucalyptus, HSV-1, HSV-2, IL-1β, NF-κB/AP-1, ROS, TNF-α, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiherpetic,
• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• antiflogistika chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• antiinfekční látky chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• antioxidancia metabolismus   MeSH
• antivirové látky chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• Cercopithecus aethiops MeSH
• cytokiny metabolismus   MeSH
• Eucalyptus chemie   MeSH
• herpes simplex metabolismus   virologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• NF-kappa B metabolismus   MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus   MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• Simplexvirus účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• transkripční faktor AP-1 metabolismus   MeSH
• Vero buňky MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• antiflogistika MeSH
• antiinfekční látky MeSH
• antioxidancia MeSH
• antivirové látky MeSH
• cytokiny MeSH
• NF-kappa B MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH
• transkripční faktor AP-1 MeSH