This study reports on three species of Dactylogyrus Diesing, 1850 (Dactylogyridae) collected from tinfoil barb, Barbonymus schwanenfeldii (Bleeker) which were imported into South Africa as ornamental fish from Sri Lanka and Thailand. Supplementary morphometric characterisation and molecular data (partial 18S and 28S rDNA, and ITS1 region sequences) are presented for Dactylogyrus lampam (Lim & Furtado, 1986), Dactylogyrus tapienensis Chinabut & Lim, 1993 and Dactylogyrus viticulus Chinabut & Lim, 1993. Prevalence of Dactylogyrus spp. infection was 87% and 80% for fish from Sri Lanka and Thailand, respectively. Composition of the parasites between the fish of each origin differed. All three species were found to infect fish from Thailand, but only D. lampam was present on the fish received from Sri Lanka. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the position of studied species, with D. lampam clustering within the lineages of varicorhini-type species, while D. tapienensis and D. viticulus form a sister lineage to Dactylogyrus spp. associated with Cyprinus carpio L. and Carassius spp., species parasitising central African large cyprinids (Labeo Cuvier), and species parasitising African and Middle Eastern Carasobarbus spp.

TITLE: Dactylogyrus spp. (Dactylogyridae, Monogenea) de Barbonymus schwanenfeldii importé en Afrique du Sud : caractérisation morphométrique et moléculaire. ABSTRACT: Cette étude porte sur trois espèces de Dactylogyrus Diesing, 1850 (Dactylogyridae), prélevées sur des Barbonymus schwanenfeldii (Bleeker) qui ont été importés en Afrique du Sud comme poissons d’ornement depuis le Sri Lanka et la Thaïlande. Une caractérisation morphométrique et des données moléculaires supplémentaires (ADNr 18S et 28S partiels et séquences de la région ITS1) sont présentées pour Dactylogyrus lampam (Lim & Furtado, 1986), Dactylogyrus tapienensis Chinabut & Lim, 1993 et Dactylogyrus viticulus Chinabut & Lim, 1993. La prévalence de l’infection par les Dactylogyrus spp. était respectivement de 87 % et 80 % pour les poissons du Sri Lanka et de Thaïlande. La composition des parasites entre les poissons des deux origines différait. Les trois espèces infectaient les poissons de Thaïlande, mais seul D. lampam était présent sur les poissons du Sri Lanka. L’analyse phylogénétique a révélé la position des espèces étudiées, D. lampam se regroupant dans les lignées d’espèces de type varicorhini, tandis que D. tapienensis et D. viticulus forment une lignée sœur des Dactylogyrus spp. associés à Cyprinus carpio L. et Carassius spp., espèces parasitant les grands cyprinidés d’Afrique centrale (Labeo Cuvier), et espèces parasitant les Carasobarbus spp. d’Afrique et du Moyen-Orient.

• Klíčová slova
• Barbonymus, Dactylogyrus, Monogenea, Ornamental fish, South Africa,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Freshwater fauna of the Middle East encompass elements shared with three continents-Africa, Asia, and Europe-and the Middle East is, therefore, considered a historical geographic crossroad between these three regions. Even though various dispersion scenarios have been proposed to explain the current distribution of cyprinids in the peri-Mediterranean, all of them congruently suggest an Asian origin for this group. Herein, we investigated the proposed scenarios using monogenean parasites of the genus Dactylogyrus, which is host-specific to cyprinoid fishes. METHODS: A total of 48 Dactylogyrus species parasitizing cyprinids belonging to seven genera were used for molecular phylogenetic reconstruction. Taxonomically important morphological features, i.e., sclerotized elements of the attachment organ, were further evaluated to resolve ambiguous relationships between individual phylogenetic lineages. For 37 species, sequences of partial genes coding 18S and 28S rRNA, and the ITS1 region were retrieved from GenBank. Ten Dactylogyrus species collected from Middle Eastern cyprinoids and D. falciformis were de novo sequenced for the aforementioned molecular markers. RESULTS: The phylogenetic reconstruction divided all investigated Dactylogyrus species into four phylogenetic clades. The first one encompassed species with the "varicorhini" type of haptoral ventral bar with a putative origin linked to the historical dispersion of cyprinids via the North African coastline. The second clade included the majority of the investigated species parasitizing various phylogenetically divergent cyprinid hosts. The morphological and molecular data suggest the ancestral diversification of the species of this clade into two groups: (1) the group possessing the haptoral ventral bar of the "cornu" type, and (2) the group possessing the "wunderi" type. Dactylogyrus diversification apparently occurred in the Middle East, which is indicated by the presence of species with all morphotypes in the region. The last two clades included species parasitizing cyprinids with an East Asian origin, and species possessing the "magnihamatus" type of ventral bar. CONCLUSIONS: The molecular data suggest that some morphological characters of host-specific parasites may undergo convergent evolution in the divergent lineages, and therefore, to fully resolve the phylogenetic relationships among host-specific parasites, an integrative approach combining morphological and molecular data is still needed. In addition, our study indicates that parasite diversity in many regions is still under-explored, and thus we highlight the importance of studies of host-associated parasites, especially in the context of freshwater fish biogeography.

• Klíčová slova
• Cyprinoidei, Historical dispersion, Parasites, Phylogeography, Platyhelminthes,
• MeSH
• biodiverzita MeSH
• Cyprinidae parazitologie   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• hostitelská specificita * MeSH
• nemoci ryb parazitologie   MeSH
• ploštěnci anatomie a histologie   klasifikace   genetika   fyziologie   MeSH
• sladká voda MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Afrika MeSH
• Asie MeSH
• Evropa MeSH
• Střední východ MeSH

Seven new species of Dactylogyrus Diesing, 1850 (Dactylogyridae) are described from the gills of seven endemic species of cyprinoids (Cyprinidae, Leuciscidae) inhabiting the Balkan Peninsula: Dactylogyrus romuli n. sp. from Luciobarbus albanicus (Greece), Dactylogyrus remi n. sp. from Luciobarbus graecus (Greece), Dactylogyrus recisus n. sp. from Pachychilon macedonicum (Greece), Dactylogyrus octopus n. sp. from Tropidophoxinellus spartiaticus (Greece), Dactylogyrus vukicae n. sp. from Delminichthys adspersus (Bosnia and Herzegovina), Dactylogyrus leptus n. sp. from Chondrostoma knerii (Bosnia and Herzegovina), and Dactylogyrus sandai n. sp. from Telestes karsticus (Croatia). To delineate species boundaries, we used an integrative taxonomic approach combining morphological and genetic data. With these tools, we illustrate that some species of monogeneans considered as cryptic might be designated as pseudocryptic (morphologically similar, not easily differentiated) after a posteriori detailed morphological examination, as happened with D. romuli n. sp. and D. remi n. sp. Thus, for accurate species characterization, it is particularly important to acquire both morphological and molecular data from the same individual specimens, ideally along with illustrations of taxonomically important structures directly taken from hologenophores. Using phylogenetic reconstruction, we investigated the phylogenetic position of newly described Dactylogyrus species within Dactylogyrus species from Balkan cyprinoids with regard to morphological characteristics, host range, and geographical distribution.

TITLE: Découverte de la diversité des Monogènes (Plathelminthes) des poissons cypriniformes endémiques de la péninsule balkanique : nouvelles espèces de Dactylogyrus et commentaires sur leur phylogénie et les associations hôte-parasite dans un contexte biogéographique. ABSTRACT: Sept nouvelles espèces de Dactylogyrus Diesing, 1850 (Dactylogyridae) sont décrites à partir des branchies de sept espèces endémiques de cyprinoïdés (Cyprinidae, Leuciscidae) habitant la péninsule balkanique : Dactylogyrus romuli n. sp. de Luciobarbus albanicus (Grèce), Dactylogyrus remi n. sp. de Luciobarbus graecus (Grèce), Dactylogyrus recisus n. sp. de Pachychilon macedonicum (Grèce), Dactylogyrus octopus n. sp. de Tropidophoxinellus spartiaticus (Grèce), Dactylogyrus vukicae n. sp. de Delminichthys adspersus (Bosnie-Herzégovine), Dactylogyrus leptus n. sp. de Chondrostoma knerii (Bosnie-Herzégovine) et Dactylogyrus sandai n. sp. de Telestes karsticus (Croatie). Pour la délimitation des espèces, nous avons utilisé une approche taxonomique intégrative combinant des données morphologiques et génétiques. Avec ces outils, nous illustrons que certaines espèces de Monogènes considérées comme cryptiques pourraient être désignées comme pseudocryptiques (morphologiquement similaires, pas facilement différenciées) après un examen morphologique détaillé a posteriori, comme cela s’est produit avec D. romuli n. sp. et D. remi n. sp. Ainsi, pour une caractérisation précise des espèces, il est particulièrement important d’acquérir des données morphologiques et moléculaires à partir des mêmes spécimens individuels, idéalement avec des illustrations de structures taxonomiquement importantes directement prises à partir d’hologénophores. En utilisant la reconstruction phylogénétique, nous avons étudié la position phylogénétique des espèces de Dactylogyrus nouvellement décrites au sein des espèces de Dactylogyrus des cyprinoïdés des Balkans en ce qui concerne les caractéristiques morphologiques, la gamme d’hôtes et la distribution géographique.

• Klíčová slova
• Balkan Peninsula, Cyprinidae, Dactylogyridae, Dactylogyrus, Leuciscidae, Monogenea,
• MeSH
• biodiverzita * MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• fylogeneze * MeSH
• fylogeografie MeSH
• interakce hostitele a parazita * MeSH
• máloostní * parazitologie   MeSH
• paraziti * MeSH
• Trematoda * klasifikace   genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Balkánský poloostrov MeSH
• Chorvatsko epidemiologie   MeSH

The epicontinental fauna of the Iberian Peninsula is strongly influenced by its geographical history. As the possibilities for dispersion of organisms into and from this region were (and still are) limited, the local fauna consists almost exclusively of endemic species. Almost all Iberian freshwater fishes of the families Leuciscidae and Cyprinidae are endemic and on-going research on these taxa continually uncovers new species. Nevertheless, information on their host-specific parasites remains scarce. In this study, we investigate the diversity and phylogenetic relationships in monogeneans of the genus Dactylogyrus (gill ectoparasites specific to cyprinoid fish) in the Iberian Peninsula. Twenty-two species were collected and identified from 19 host species belonging to Cyprinidae and Leuciscidae. A high degree of endemism was observed, with 21 Dactylogyrus species reported from Iberia only and a single species, D. borealis, also reported from other European regions. Phylogenetic analysis split the endemic Iberian Dactylogyrus into two well-supported clades, the first encompassing Dactylogyrus parasitizing endemic Luciobarbus spp. only, and the second including all Dactylogyrus species of endemic leuciscids and four species of endemic cyprinids. Species delimitation analysis suggests a remarkable diversity and existence of a multitude of cryptic Dactylogyrus species parasitizing endemic leuciscids (Squalius spp. and representatives of Chondrostoma s.l.). These results suggest a rapid adaptive radiation of Dactylogyrus in this geographically isolated region, closely associated with their cyprinoid hosts. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis supports that Dactylogyrus parasites colonized the Iberian Peninsula through multiple dispersion events.

• Klíčová slova
• Cyprinoidea, Iberian Peninsula, Monogenea, host-specificity, phylogeny, species delimitation,
• MeSH
• biodiverzita MeSH
• biologická adaptace MeSH
• biologická evoluce * MeSH
• Cyprinidae * MeSH
• infekce červy třídy Trematoda parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• nemoci ryb parazitologie   MeSH
• Trematoda fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Portugalsko MeSH
• Španělsko MeSH

Anacanthorus (Anacanthorinae) is one of the most speciose and common genera of neotropical monogeneans, yet there are still many gaps in our knowledge concerning their diversity and phylogeny. We performed phylogenetic analyses of molecular sequences in order to investigate the phylogenetic position within the Dactylogyridae of Anacanthorus spp. infesting serrasalmids from two Brazilian river basins. Sequences of partial 28S rDNA obtained for nine species of Anacanthorus and Mymarothecium viatorum parasitizing serrasalmids and the published sequences of other members of the Dactylogyridae were included in the phylogenetic reconstruction. Phylogenetic analyses supported the monophyly of anacanthorine monogeneans. The Anacanthorinae (represented in this study by Anacanthorus spp.) formed a monophyletic group included in a large clade together with a group of solely freshwater Ancyrocephalinae and species of the Ancylodiscoidinae. Mymarothecium viatorum (Ancyrocephalinae) was placed within the clade of freshwater Ancyrocephalinae. The phylogenetic analyses indicated that the relationships among species of Anacanthorus reflect those of their serrasalmid hosts: the first subgroup includes a species specific to hosts assigned to Piaractus, a member of the "pacus" lineage; the second subgroup includes a species parasitizing the "Myleus-like pacus" lineage; and the third subgroup includes species parasitizing the lineage of the "true piranhas". We suggest that Anacanthorus and their serrasalmid hosts can be considered a useful model to assess host-parasite biogeography and coevolution in the neotropics. However, future studies focusing on a wider spectrum of host species and their specific Anacanthorus spp. are needed in order to investigate coevolution in this highly diversified system.

Anacanthorus (Anacanthorinae) est parmi les genres les plus riches en espèces et les plus communs parmi les monogènes néotropicaux. Cependant, nos connaissances sur sa diversité et sa phylogénie sont encore lacunaires. Nous avons effectué des analyses phylogénétiques de séquences moléculaires afin d’étudier la position phylogénétique au sein des Dactylogyridae d’Anacanthorus spp. infestant des Serrasalmidés de deux bassins fluviaux brésiliens. Les séquences d’ADNr 28S partiel obtenues pour 9 espèces d’Anacanthorus et Mymarothecium viatorum parasitant les Serrasalmidés et les séquences publiées d’autres membres des Dactylogyridae ont été incluses dans la reconstruction phylogénétique. Les analyses phylogénétiques ont confirmé la monophylie des Anacanthorinae. Les Anacanthorinae (représentés dans cette étude par Anacanthorus spp.) forment un groupe monophylétique inclus dans un grand clade avec un groupe d’Ancyrocephalinae uniquement d’eau douce et d’espèces d’Ancylodiscoidinae. Mymarothecium viatorum (Ancyrocephalinae) a été placé dans le clade des Ancyrocephalinae d’eau douce. Les analyses phylogénétiques indiquent que les relations entre les espèces d’Anacanthorus reflètent celles de leurs hôtes Serrasalmidés : le premier sous-groupe comprend une espèce spécifique aux hôtes attribués à Piaractus, un membre de la lignée « pacus » ; le deuxième sous-groupe comprend une espèce parasitant la lignée « pacus proche de Myleus » ; et le troisième sous-groupe comprend les espèces parasitant la lignée des « vrais piranhas ». Nous pensons qu’Anacanthorus et ses hôtes Serrasalmidés peuvent être considérés comme un modèle utile pour évaluer la biogéographie hôte-parasite et la coévolution dans les régions néotropicales. Cependant, de futures études portant sur un spectre plus large d’espèces hôtes et de leurs espèces spécifiques d’Anacanthorus spp. sont nécessaires pour étudier la coévolution dans ce système hautement diversifié.

• MeSH
• Characiformes parazitologie   MeSH
• DNA helmintů genetika   MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• fylogeneze * MeSH
• nemoci ryb parazitologie   MeSH
• ribozomální DNA genetika   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• Trematoda klasifikace   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Brazílie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• DNA helmintů MeSH
• ribozomální DNA MeSH

Parasites exhibiting a high degree of host specificity are expected to be intimately associated with their hosts. Therefore, the evolution of host-specific parasites is at least partially shaped by the evolutionary history and distribution of such hosts. Gill ectoparasites of Dactylogyrus (Monogenea) are specific to cyprinid fish. In the present study, we investigated the evolutionary history of 47 Dactylogyrus species from the Balkan Peninsula, the Mediteranean region exhibiting the highest cyprinid diversity in Europe, and from central European cyprinids. Phylogenetic analyses revealed four well-supported clades of endemic and non-endemic Dactylogyrus spp. with four basal taxa. Endemic cyprinids with a limited distribution range were parasitized by endemic Dactylogyrus species, but some of them shared several Dactylogyrus species with central European cyprinids. Species delimitation analyses based on molecular data suggest that Dactylogyrus diversity is higher than that defined from morphology. Some endemic cyprinid species harboured Dactylogyrus species of different origins, this probably resulting from multiple host switching. Our results support the view that the evolution of Dactylogyrus in the Balkans has been influenced not only by the historical dispersion and distribution of their cyprinid hosts, but also by recent contacts of non-native cyprinid species with endemic cyprinid fauna in this region.

• MeSH
• biodiverzita * MeSH
• Cyprinidae parazitologie   MeSH
• fylogeneze * MeSH
• hostitelská specificita * MeSH
• molekulární evoluce MeSH
• ploštěnci klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• žábry parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Balkánský poloostrov MeSH
• Středomoří MeSH

BACKGROUND: Monogenean flatworms are the main ectoparasites of fishes. Representatives of the species-rich families Gyrodactylidae and Dactylogyridae, especially those infecting cichlid fishes and clariid catfishes, are important parasites in African aquaculture, even more so due to the massive anthropogenic translocation of their hosts worldwide. Several questions on their evolution, such as the phylogenetic position of Macrogyrodactylus and the highly speciose Gyrodactylus, remain unresolved with available molecular markers. Also, diagnostics and population-level research would benefit from the development of higher-resolution genetic markers. We aim to offer genetic resources for work on African monogeneans by providing mitogenomic data of four species (two belonging to Gyrodactylidae, two to Dactylogyridae), and analysing their gene sequences and gene order from a phylogenetic perspective. RESULTS: Using Illumina technology, the first four mitochondrial genomes of African monogeneans were assembled and annotated for the cichlid parasites Gyrodactylus nyanzae, Cichlidogyrus halli, Cichlidogyrus mbirizei (near-complete mitogenome) and the catfish parasite Macrogyrodactylus karibae (near-complete mitogenome). Complete nuclear ribosomal operons were also retrieved, as molecular vouchers. The start codon TTG is new for Gyrodactylus and for Dactylogyridae, as is the incomplete stop codon TA for Dactylogyridae. Especially the nad2 gene is promising for primer development. Gene order was identical for protein-coding genes and differed between the African representatives of these families only in a tRNA gene transposition. A mitochondrial phylogeny based on an alignment of nearly 12,500 bp including 12 protein-coding and two ribosomal RNA genes confirms that the Neotropical oviparous Aglaiogyrodactylus forficulatus takes a sister group position with respect to the other gyrodactylids, instead of the supposedly 'primitive' African Macrogyrodactylus. Inclusion of the African Gyrodactylus nyanzae confirms the paraphyly of Gyrodactylus. The position of the African dactylogyrid Cichlidogyrus is unresolved, although gene order suggests it is closely related to marine ancyrocephalines. CONCLUSIONS: The amount of mitogenomic data available for gyrodactylids and dactylogyrids is increased by roughly one-third. Our study underscores the potential of mitochondrial genes and gene order in flatworm phylogenetics, and of next-generation sequencing for marker development for these non-model helminths for which few primers are available.

• Klíčová slova
• Cichlidae, Cichlidogyrus, Clariidae, Gene order, Gyrodactylus, Macrogyrodactylus, Mitogenome, Monogenea, Monopisthocotylea, Phylogenomics,
• MeSH
• cichlidy parazitologie   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• genom mitochondriální MeSH
• mitochondrie klasifikace   genetika   MeSH
• ploštěnci genetika   MeSH
• pořadí genů MeSH
• protozoální DNA chemie   izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• protozoální proteiny klasifikace   genetika   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální klasifikace   genetika   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• protozoální DNA MeSH
• protozoální proteiny MeSH
• RNA ribozomální MeSH

BACKGROUND: Host specificity in parasites represents the extent to which a parasite's distribution is limited to certain host species. Considering host-specific parasites of primarily freshwater fish (such as gill monogeneans), their biogeographical distribution is essentially influenced by both evolutionary and ecological processes. Due to the limited capacity for historical dispersion in freshwater fish, their specific coevolving parasites may, through historical host-parasite associations, at least partially reveal the historical biogeographical routes (or historical contacts) of host species. We used Dactylogyrus spp., parasites specific to cyprinid fish, to infer potential historical contacts between Northwest African and European and Asian cyprinid faunas. Using phylogenetic reconstruction, we investigated the origin(s) of host-specific Dactylogyrus spp. parasitizing Northwest African and Iberian cyprinid species. RESULTS: In accordance with hypotheses on the historical biogeography of two cyprinid lineages in Northwest Africa, Barbini (Luciobarbus) and Torini (Carasobarbus), we demonstrated the multiple origins of Northwest African Dactylogyrus. Dactylogyrus spp. of Carasobarbus spp. originated from Asian cyprinids, while Dactylogyrus spp. of Luciobarbus spp. originated from European cyprinids. This indicates the historical Northern route of Dactylogyrus spp. dispersion to Northwest African Luciobarbus species rather than the Southern route, which is currently widely accepted for Luciobarbus. In addition, both Northwest African cyprinid lineages were also colonized by Dactylogyrus marocanus closely related to Dactylogyrus spp. parasitizing African Labeo spp., which suggests a single host switch from African Labeonini to Northwest African Luciobarbus. We also demonstrated the multiple origins of Dactylogyrus spp. parasitizing Iberian Luciobarbus species. One Iberian Dactylogyrus group was phylogenetically closely related to Dactylogyrus of Moroccan Carasobarbus, while the second was related to Dactylogyrus of Moroccan Luciobarbus. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms the different origins of two Northwest African cyprinid lineages. It suggests several independent historical contacts between European Iberian Luciobarbus and two lineages of Northwest African cyprinids, these contacts associated with host switches of Dactylogyrus parasites.

• Klíčová slova
• Cyprinids, Dactylogyrus, Historical biogeography, Host specificity, Iberia, Northwest Africa,
• MeSH
• biologická evoluce MeSH
• Cyprinidae parazitologie   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• fylogeografie MeSH
• hostitelská specificita * MeSH
• interakce hostitele a parazita * MeSH
• ploštěnci klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Afrika MeSH
• Asie MeSH
• Evropa MeSH

BACKGROUND: The host specificity of fish parasites is considered a useful parasite characteristic with respect to understanding the biogeography of their fish hosts. Dactylogyrus Diesing, 1850 (Monogenea) includes common parasites of cyprinids exhibiting different degrees of host specificity, i.e. from strict specialism to generalism. The phylogenetic relationships and historical dispersions of several cyprinid lineages, including Aulopyge huegelii Heckel, 1843, are still unclear. Therefore, the aims of our study were to investigate (i) the Dactylogyrus spp. parasites of A. huegelii, and (ii) the phylogenetic relationships of Dactylogyrus spp. parasitizing A. huegelii as a possible tool for understanding the phylogenetic position of this fish species within the Cyprininae lineage. RESULTS: Two species of Dactylogyrus, D. vastator Nybelin, 1924 and D. omenti n. sp., were collected from 14 specimens of A. huegelii from the Šujica River (Bosnia and Herzegovina). While D. vastator is a typical species parasitizing Carassius spp. and Cyprinus carpio L, D. omenti n. sp. is, according to phylogenetic reconstruction, closely related to Dactylogyrus species infecting European species of Barbus and Luciobarbus. The genetic distance revealed that the sequence for D. vastator from A. huegelii is identical with that for D. vastator from Barbus plebejus Bonaparte, 1839 (Italy) and Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) (Croatia). Dactylogyrus omenti n. sp. was described as a species new to science. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the phylogenetic position of A. huegelii within the Cyprininae lineage and suggest that A. huegelii is phylogenetically closely related to Barbus and Luciobarbus species. The morphological similarity between D. omenti n. sp. and Dactylogyrus species of Middle Eastern Barbus suggests historical contact between cyprinid species recently living in allopatry and the possible diversification of A. huegelii from a common ancestor in this area. On other hand, the genetic similarity between D. vastator ex A. huegelii and D. vastator ex C. gibelio collected in Balkan Peninsula suggests that A. huegelii was secondarily parasitized by D. vastator, originating from C. gibelio after introduction of this fish species from Asia to Europe.

• Klíčová slova
• Aulopyge, Coevolution, Cyprininae, Dactylogyrus, Host specificity, Phylogeography,
• MeSH
• Cyprinidae klasifikace   parazitologie   MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• fylogeografie MeSH
• hostitelská specificita * MeSH
• infekce červy třídy Trematoda parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• nemoci ryb parazitologie   MeSH
• Trematoda klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Asie MeSH
• Bosna a Hercegovina MeSH
• Chorvatsko MeSH
• Itálie MeSH

Four new species of Dactylogyrus Diesing, 1850 are described from the gills of three species of Luciobarbus Heckel collected from various hydrographical basins in northern Morocco: Dactylogyrus scorpius n. sp. from Luciobarbus rifensis Doadrio, Casal-Lopez & Yahyaoui; D. benhoussai n. sp. from L. moulouyensis Pellegrin; and D. varius n. sp. and D. falsiphallus n. sp. from L. maghrebensis Doadrio, Perea & Yahyaoui. The descriptions of the new species are confirmed by molecular data (partial 18S rDNA, ITS1, and partial 28S rDNA sequences). All four species belong to the group of Dactylogyrus species, possessing a cross-shaped ventral bar and a male copulatory organ composed of a loosely coiled copulatory tube and an accessory piece with a capsule-like base and recurved distal portion. Given the high shape variability of the haptoral anchors reported among specimens of D. varius n. sp., three morphological forms within this species (D. varius f. vulgaris, D. varius f. magnus, and D. varius f. dromedarius) are recognised. However, specimens belonging to D. benhoussai n. sp. and D. varius f. vulgaris were morphologically very similar and were discriminated with certainty, only when using molecular data.

• MeSH
• Cyprinidae parazitologie   MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• mezerníky ribozomální DNA genetika   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 18S genetika   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 28S genetika   MeSH
• Trematoda anatomie a histologie   klasifikace   genetika   MeSH
• žábry parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Maroko MeSH
• Názvy látek
• mezerníky ribozomální DNA MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 18S MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 28S MeSH