Monogenic diabetes is a gateway to precision medicine through molecular mechanistic insight. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1A (HNF-1A) and HNF-4A are transcription factors that engage in crossregulatory gene transcription networks to maintain glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells. Variants in the HNF1A and HNF4A genes are associated with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). Here, we explored 4 variants in the P2-HNF4A promoter region: 3 in the HNF-1A binding site and 1 close to the site, which were identified in 63 individuals from 21 families of different MODY disease registries across Europe. Our goal was to study the disease causality for these variants and to investigate diabetes mechanisms on the molecular level. We solved a crystal structure of HNF-1A bound to the P2-HNF4A promoter and established a set of techniques to probe HNF-1A binding and transcriptional activity toward different promoter variants. We used isothermal titration calorimetry, biolayer interferometry, x-ray crystallography, and transactivation assays, which revealed changes in HNF-1A binding or transcriptional activities for all 4 P2-HNF4A variants. Our results suggest distinct disease mechanisms of the promoter variants, which can be correlated with clinical phenotype, such as age of diagnosis of diabetes, and be important tools for clinical utility in precision medicine.

• Klíčová slova
• Diabetes, Metabolism, Structural biology, Transcription,
• MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu * genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• hepatocytární jaderný faktor 1-alfa * genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• hepatocytární jaderný faktor 4 * genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• krystalografie rentgenová MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• promotorové oblasti (genetika) * genetika   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese MeSH
• vazba proteinů MeSH
• vazebná místa MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• hepatocytární jaderný faktor 1-alfa * MeSH
• hepatocytární jaderný faktor 4 * MeSH
• HNF1A protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• HNF4A protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč