Streptomyces caelestis DSM 40084 produces two osmolytes, viz. 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-zeta-glyceric acid (GG) and trehalose. Both compounds were isolated and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. A very sensitive regulation of the cell osmolytes was demonstrated in exponentially growing cultures. The intracellular levels of GG and trehalose increased 2x in response to a step change of medium osmolarity caused by 0.3% NaCl. 1H NMR analysis of the cell extracts did not confirm the presence of additional osmolytes. GG is a S. caelestis metabolite commonly released from the cells; its concentration reached 3 g/L during the cultivation in a yeast extract--(NH4)2SO4-glycerol medium. This is the first report on the occurrence of the ionic osmolyte GG in the genus Streptomyces and on its free excretion to the medium.

• MeSH
• Disaccharides isolation & purification   MeSH
• Extracellular Space chemistry   metabolism   MeSH
• Glycosylation MeSH
• Culture Media chemistry   MeSH
• Glyceric Acids agonists   chemistry   isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy MeSH
• Osmolar Concentration MeSH
• Osmosis MeSH
• Streptomyces chemistry   metabolism   MeSH
• Trehalose chemistry   isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Water-Electrolyte Balance * MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Disaccharides MeSH
• glyceric acid MeSH Browser
• Culture Media MeSH
• Glyceric Acids MeSH
• Trehalose MeSH