PURPOSE: Fruit and vegetable intake is inversely correlated with cancer; thus, it is proposed that an extract of phytochemicals as present in whole fruits, vegetables, or grains may have anti-carcinogenic properties. Thus, the anti-tumour effects of fruit peel polyphenols (Flavin7) in the chemoprevention of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mammary carcinogenesis in female rats were evaluated. METHODS: Lyophilized substance of Flavin7 (F7) was administered at two concentrations of 0.3 and 3 % through diet. The experiment was terminated 14 weeks after carcinogen administration, and mammary tumours were removed and prepared for histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. In addition, using an in vitro cytotoxicity assay, apoptosis and proliferation after F7 treatment in human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells were performed. RESULTS: High-dose F7 suppressed tumour frequency by 58 % (P < 0.001), tumour incidence by 24 % (P < 0.05), and lengthened latency by 8 days (P > 0.05) in comparison with the control rats, whereas lower dose of F7 was less effective. Histopathological analysis of tumours showed significant decrease in the ratio of high-/low-grade carcinomas after high-dose F7 treatment. Immunohistochemical analysis of rat carcinoma cells in vivo found a significant increase in caspase-3 expression and significant decrease in Bcl-2, Ki67, and VEGFR-2 expression in the high-dose group. Both doses demonstrated significant positive effects on plasma lipid metabolism in rats. F7 significantly decreased survival of MCF-7 cells in vitro in MTT assay by dose- and time-dependent manner compared to control. F7 prevented cell cycle progression by significant enrichment in G1 cell populations. Incubation with F7 showed significant increase in the percentage of annexin V-/PI-positive MCF-7 cells and DNA fragmentation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal a substantial tumour-suppressive effect of F7 in the breast cancer model. We propose that the effects of phytochemicals present in this fruit extract are responsible for observed potent anti-cancer activities.

• Klíčová slova
• Angiogenesis, Apoptosis, Cell proliferation, Fruit polyphenols, MCF-7, Mammary carcinogenesis, Rat,
• MeSH
• antigen Ki-67 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• apoptóza účinky léků   MeSH
• experimentální nádory mléčných žláz farmakoterapie   MeSH
• flavonoidy analýza   farmakologie   MeSH
• fragmentace DNA účinky léků   MeSH
• fytogenní protinádorové látky analýza   farmakologie   MeSH
• kaspasa 3 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• methylnitrosomočovina toxicita   MeSH
• MFC-7 buňky MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
• ovoce chemie   MeSH
• polyfenoly analýza   farmakologie   MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• protein X asociovaný s bcl-2 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• receptor 2 pro vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• stilbeny analýza   farmakologie   MeSH
• tyrosin analogy a deriváty   metabolismus   MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 3-nitrotyrosine MeSH Prohlížeč
• antigen Ki-67 MeSH
• Bax protein, rat MeSH Prohlížeč
• Casp3 protein, rat MeSH Prohlížeč
• Flavin7 MeSH Prohlížeč
• flavonoidy MeSH
• fytogenní protinádorové látky MeSH
• kaspasa 3 MeSH
• Kdr protein, rat MeSH Prohlížeč
• methylnitrosomočovina MeSH
• polyfenoly MeSH
• protein X asociovaný s bcl-2 MeSH
• receptor 2 pro vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor MeSH
• stilbeny MeSH
• tyrosin MeSH

Epidemiological studies have revealed that high consumption of soy products is associated with low incidences of hormone-dependent cancers, including breast and prostate cancer. Soybeans contain large amounts of isoflavones, such as the genistein and daidzain. Previously, it has been demonstrated that genistein, one of the predominant soy isoflavones, can inhibit several steps involved in carcinogenesis. It is suggested that genistein possesses pleiotropic molecular mechanisms of action including inhibition of tyrosine kinases, DNA topoisomerase II, 5α-reductase, galectin-induced G2/M arrest, protein histidine kinase, and cyclin-dependent kinases, modulation of different signaling pathways associated with the growth of cancer cells (e.g., NF-κB, Akt, MAPK), etc. Moreover, genistein is also a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. Uncontrolled angiogenesis is considered as a key step in cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis. Genistein was found to inhibit angiogenesis through regulation of multiple pathways, such as regulation of VEGF, MMPs, EGFR expressions and NF-κB, PI3-K/Akt, ERK1/2 signaling pathways, thereby causing strong antiangiogenic effects. This review focuses on the antiangiogenic properties of soy isoflavonoids and examines their possible underlying mechanisms.

• Klíčová slova
• angiogenesis, breast cancer, galectins, genistein, soy,
• MeSH
• genistein chemie   farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Glycine max chemie   MeSH
• inhibitory angiogeneze chemie   farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• isoflavony chemie   farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory prsu krevní zásobení   farmakoterapie   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• patologická angiogeneze farmakoterapie   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• prsy krevní zásobení   účinky léků   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• signální transdukce účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• genistein MeSH
• inhibitory angiogeneze MeSH
• isoflavony MeSH