The design and synthesis of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligands derived from 2-aminoadipic acid, a building block that has not previously been used to construct PSMA ligands, are reported. The effects of both the linker length and of an N-substituent of our PSMA ligands were probed, and X-ray structures of five of these ligands bound to PSMA were obtained. Among the ligands disclosed herein, 13b showed the highest inhibitory activity for PSMA. As ligand 13b can readily be radiolabeled since its fluorine atom is adjacent to the nitrogen atom of its pyridine ring, the use of this and related compounds as theranostics can be pursued.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

UNLABELLED: Inhibitors targeting human glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) typically consist of a P1' glutamate-derived binding module, which warrants the high affinity and specificity, linked to an effector function that is positioned within the entrance funnel of the enzyme. Here we present a comprehensive structural and computational study aimed at dissecting the importance of the effector function for GCPII binding and affinity. To this end we determined crystal structures of human GCPII in complex with a series of phosphoramidate-based inhibitors harboring effector functions of diverse physicochemical characteristics. Our data show that higher binding affinities of phosphoramidates, compared to matching phosphonates, are linked to the presence of additional hydrogen bonds between Glu424 and Gly518 of the enzyme and the amide group of the phosphoramidate. While the positioning of the P1' glutamate-derived module within the S1' pocket of GCPII is invariant, interaction interfaces between effector functions and residues lining the entrance funnel are highly varied, with the positively charged arginine patch defined by Arg463, Arg534 and Arg536 being the only 'hot-spot' common to several studied complexes. This variability stems in part from the fact that the effector/GCPII interfaces generally encompass isolated areas of nonpolar residues within the entrance funnel and resulting van der Waals contacts lack the directionality typical for hydrogen bonding interactions. The presented data unravel a complexity of binding modes of inhibitors within non-prime site(s) of GCPII and can be exploited for the design of novel GCPII-specific compounds. PDB ID CODES: Atomic coordinates of the present structures together with the experimental structure factor amplitudes were deposited at the RCSB Protein Data Bank under accession codes 4P44 (complex with JRB-4-81), 4P45 (complex with JRB-4-73), 4P4B (complex with CTT54), 4P4D (complex with MP1C), 4P4E (complex with MP1D), 4P4F (complex with NC-2-40), 4P4I (complex with T33) and 4P4J (complex with T33D).

• Klíčová slova
• NAALADase, X-ray crystallography, molecular modeling, phosphoramidate, prostate-specific membrane antigen,
• MeSH
• amidy chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• antigeny povrchové metabolismus   MeSH
• glutamátkarboxypeptidasa II antagonisté a inhibitory   metabolismus   MeSH
• inhibitory enzymů chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• krystalografie rentgenová MeSH
• kyseliny fosforečné chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• molekulární modely MeSH
• molekulární struktura MeSH
• racionální návrh léčiv * MeSH
• vodíková vazba MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• amidy MeSH
• antigeny povrchové MeSH
• FOLH1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• glutamátkarboxypeptidasa II MeSH
• inhibitory enzymů MeSH
• kyseliny fosforečné MeSH
• phosphoramidic acid MeSH Prohlížeč