137Cs is one of the most important radionuclides released in the course of atmospheric nuclear weapon tests and during accidents in nuclear power plants such as that in Chernobyl, Ukraine, or Fukushima, Japan. The aim of this study was to compare 137Cs and 40K concentrations in particular species of mushrooms from selected locations in the Bohemian Forest (Czech: Šumava), Czech Republic, where a considerable contamination from the Chernobyl accident had been measured in 1986. Samples were collected between June and October 2014. Activities of 137Cs and 40K per dry mass were measured by means of a semiconductor gamma spectrometer. The 137Cs values measured range from below detection limit to 4300 ± 20 Bq kg-1, in the case of 40K from 910 ± 80 to 4300 ± 230 Bq kg-1. Differences were found between individual locations, due to uneven precipitation in the course of the movement of the radioactive cloud after the Chernobyl accident. There are, however, also differences between individual species of mushrooms from identical locations, which inter alia result from different characteristics of the soil and depths of mycelia. The values measured are compared with established limits and exposures from other radiation sources present in the environment. In general, it can be stated that the values measured are relatively low and the effects on the health of the population are negligible compared to other sources of ionizing radiation.

• Klíčová slova
• 137Cs, Chernobyl, Contamination, Gamma spectrometry, Mushrooms, Nuclear weapon tests,
• MeSH
• Agaricales chemie   MeSH
• monitorování radiace * MeSH
• radioaktivita MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Population of wild boar is increasing in the whole Europe, the animals migrate close to human habitats which greatly increases the possibility of natural transmission between domestic animals or humans and wild boars. The aim of the study was to estimate in population of free-living wild boar in the Czech Republic the prevalence of enteric viral pathogens, namely rotavirus groups A and C (RVA and RVC), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and members of family Coronaviridae (transmissible gastroenteritis virus - TGEV, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus - PEDV, porcine respiratory coronavirus - PRCV, and porcine hemagglutination encephalomyelitis virus - PHEV) and Picornaviridae,(teschovirus A - PTV, sapelovirus A - PSV, and enterovirus G - EV-G). In our study, stool samples from 203 wild boars culled during hunting season 2014-2015 (from October to January) were examined by RT-PCR. RVA was detected in 2.5% of tested samples. Nucleotide analysis of VP7, VP4, and VP6 genes revealed that four RVA strains belong to G4P[25]I1, G4P[6]I5, G11P[13]I5, and G5P[13]I5 genotypes and phylogenetic analysis suggested close relation to porcine and human RVAs. The prevalence of RVC in wild boar population reached 12.8%, PTV was detected in 20.2%, PSV in 8.9%, and EV-G in 2.5% of samples. During our study no PRRSV or coronaviruses were detected. Our study provides the first evidence of RVC prevalence in wild boars and indicates that wild boars might contribute to the genetic variability of RVA and also serve as an important reservoir of other enteric viruses.

• Klíčová slova
• Enteric viruses, Phylogeny, RT-PCR, Rotavirus A, Wild boar,
• MeSH
• antigeny virové genetika   MeSH
• Coronaviridae genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• feces virologie   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• infekce viry z čeledi Coronaviridae epidemiologie   veterinární   virologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci prasat epidemiologie   virologie   MeSH
• Picornaviridae genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• pikornavirové infekce epidemiologie   veterinární   virologie   MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• rotavirové infekce epidemiologie   veterinární   virologie   MeSH
• Rotavirus genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Sus scrofa MeSH
• virové plášťové proteiny genetika   MeSH
• zdroje nemoci MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny virové MeSH
• virové plášťové proteiny MeSH
• VP4 protein, Rotavirus MeSH Prohlížeč
• VP6 protein, Rotavirus MeSH Prohlížeč
• VP7 protein, Rotavirus MeSH Prohlížeč