The prevalence of second primary malignancies (SPMs) in the western world is continually increasing with the risk of a new primary cancer in patients with previously diagnosed carcinoma at about 20%. The aim of this retrospective analysis is to identify SPMs in colorectal cancer patients in a single-institution cohort, describe the most frequent SPMs in colorectal cancer patients, and discover the time period to occurrence of second primary tumors. We identified 1174 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer in the period 2003-2013, with follow-up till 31.12.2018, and median follow-up of 10.1 years, (median age 63 years, 724 men). A second primary neoplasm was diagnosed in 234 patients (19.9%). Older age patients, those with early-stage disease and those with no relapse have a higher risk of secondary cancer development. The median time from cancer diagnosis to development of CRC was 8.9 years for breast cancer and 3.4 years for prostate cancer. For the most common cancer diagnosis after primary CRC, the median time to development was 0-5.2 years, depending on the type of malignancy. Patients with a diagnosis of breast, prostate, or kidney cancer, or melanoma should be regularly screened for CRC. CRC patients should also be screened for additional CRC as well as cancers of the breast, prostate, kidney, and bladder. The screening of cancer patients for the most frequent malignancies along with systematic patient education in this field should be the standard of surveillance for colorectal cancer patients.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Colorectal Neoplasms diagnosis   mortality   therapy   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Follow-Up Studies MeSH
• Prevalence MeSH
• Cancer Survivors statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Retrospective Studies MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Neoplasms, Second Primary diagnosis   epidemiology   MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Neoplasm Staging MeSH
• Age Factors MeSH
• Patient Education as Topic MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

INTRODUCTION: All colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors have an increased risk of developing second primary malignancies (SPMs). The association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and the risk of cancer is well known. However, the role of DM and its therapy in the development of SPMs in CRC patients is not well described. METHODS: In this single-institutional retrospective analysis we identified 1,174 colorectal carcinoma patients, median follow-up 10.1 years, (median age 63 years, 724 men). All patients over 18 years with histologically confirmed CRC who were admitted in the period 1.1. 2003- 31.12.2013 and followed-up till 31.12. 2018 at the Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute (MMCI) were screened for eligibility. The exclusion criteria were CRC diagnosed at autopsy, lost to follow-up and high risk of development of SPMs due to hereditary cancer syndrome. Tumours are considered multiple primary malignancies if arising in different sites and/or are of a different histology or morphology group. Comparisons of the basic characteristics between the patients with SPM and the patients without SPM were performed as well as comparison of the occurrence of SPMs by the site of diagnosis between the DM and non-DM cohorts and survival analyses. RESULTS: A SPM was diagnosed in 234 (20%) patients, DM in 183 (15%) patients. DM was diagnosed in 22.6% of those with SPM vs. in 13.8% of those without SPM (p=0.001). The most common types of SPMs in DM patients were other CRC, kidney, lung, bladder and nonmelanoma skin cancer, but only carcinoma of the liver and bile duct tracts was significantly more common than in the group without DM. Although breast cancer was the second most common in the group with DM, its incidence was lower than in the group without DM, as well as prostate cancer. A significantly higher incidence of SPMs was found in older CRC patients (≥ 65 years) and in those with lower stage colon cancer and DM. No significant difference in DM treatment between those with and without a SPM was observed including analysis of type of insulin. CONCLUSION: CRC patients with diabetes mellitus, especially those with older age, and early stages of colon cancer, should be screened for second primary malignancies more often than the standard population. Patients without DM have longer survival. According to the occurrence of the most common second malignancies, a clinical examination, blood count, and ultrasound of the abdomen is appropriate, together with standard breast and colorectal cancer screening, and lung cancer screening under certain conditions, and should be recommended in CRC survivors especially in patients with intercurrent DM, however the necessary frequency of screening remains unclear.

• Keywords
• cancer survivors, colorectal cancer, diabetes mellitus, multiple primary neoplasms, second primary malignancies, second primary neoplasms,
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Hodgkin lymphoma is an effectively treated malignancy, yet 20% of patients relapse or are refractory to front-line treatments with potentially fatal outcomes. Early detection of poor treatment responders is crucial for appropriate application of tailored treatment strategies. Tumour metabolic imaging of Hodgkin lymphoma using visual (qualitative) 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is a gold standard for staging and final outcome assessment, but results gathered during the interim period are less accurate. Analysis of continuous metabolic-morphological data (quantitative) FDG-PET may enhance the robustness of interim disease monitoring, and help to improve treatment decision-making processes. The objective of this review is to compare diagnostic test accuracy of quantitative versus qualitative interim FDG-PET in the prognostication of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. METHODS: The literature on this topic will be reviewed in a 3-step strategy that follows methods described by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). First, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases will be searched. Second, listed databases for published literature (MEDLINE, Tripdatabase, Pedro, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and WoS) and unpublished literature (Open Grey, Current Controlled Trials, MedNar, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cos Conference Papers Index and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform of the WHO) will be queried. Third, 2 independent reviewers will analyse titles, abstracts and full texts, and perform hand search of relevant studies, and then perform critical appraisal and data extraction from selected studies using the DATARI tool (JBI). If possible, a statistical meta-analysis will be performed on pooled sensitivity and specificity data gathered from the selected studies. Statistical heterogeneity will be assessed. Funnel plots, Begg's rank correlations and Egger's regression tests will be used to detect and/or correct publication bias. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The results will be disseminated by publishing in a peer-reviewed journal. Ethical assessment will not be needed; only existing sources of literature will be searched. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42016027953.

• Keywords
• PET, SUV, TLG, hodgkin lymphoma,
• MeSH
• Early Detection of Cancer methods   standards   MeSH
• Hodgkin Disease diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Positron-Emission Tomography * MeSH
• Sensitivity and Specificity MeSH
• Systematic Reviews as Topic MeSH
• Research Design MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH