This article provides a comprehensive overview of electrolyte and water homeostasis in pediatric patients, focusing on some of the common serum electrolyte abnormalities encountered in clinical practice. Understanding pathophysiology, taking a detailed history, performing comprehensive physical examinations, and ordering basic laboratory investigations are essential for the timely proper management of these conditions. We will discuss the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies for each electrolyte disorder. This article aims to enhance the clinical approach to pediatric patients with electrolyte imbalance-related emergencies, ultimately improving patient outcomes.Trial registration This manuscript does not include a clinical trial; instead, it provides an updated review of literature.
- Keywords
- Electrolyte imbalances, Hypercalcemia, Hyperkalemia, Hypernatremia, Hypocalcemia, Hypokalemia, Hyponatremia, Pediatrics,
- MeSH
- Acidosis diagnosis blood therapy MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Electrolytes blood MeSH
- Hypercalcemia therapy blood diagnosis etiology MeSH
- Hyperkalemia therapy diagnosis blood etiology MeSH
- Hypernatremia therapy diagnosis etiology physiopathology MeSH
- Hypocalcemia diagnosis etiology therapy MeSH
- Hypokalemia therapy diagnosis blood etiology MeSH
- Hyponatremia therapy etiology diagnosis MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Emergencies * MeSH
- Acid-Base Imbalance diagnosis therapy physiopathology MeSH
- Water-Electrolyte Imbalance * therapy MeSH
- Water-Electrolyte Balance physiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Electrolytes MeSH
