INTRODUCTION: Inflammation of the placenta is harmful to both the fetus and the mother. Inflammation is strongly associated with diabetes, a common complication of pregnancy. Hofbauer cells (HBCs), unique immune system cells of fetal origin in the placenta, play complex roles, including growth of placental villi and their branching, stromal remodelling, and angiogenesis. METHODS: Our study investigated the expression of IL-1β, IL-10, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2J2 and sEH in HBCs from patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared to healthy controls using immunohistochemistry. We also assessed the structure of the villus stroma using Masson´s trichrome. RESULTS: In T1DM, HBCs showed inflammatory activation characterised by increased IL-1β and decreased CYP epoxygenase expression compared to normal placentas. Conversely, significant inflammation in HBCs appeared less likely in GDM, as levels of IL-1β and CYP epoxygenases remained stable compared to normal placentas. However, GDM showed a significant increase in sEH expression. Both types of diabetes showed delayed placental villous maturation and hypovascularisation, with GDM showing a more pronounced effect. CONCLUSION: The expression profiles of IL-1β, CYP epoxygenases and sEH significantlly differ between controls and diabetic placentas and between T1DM and GDM. These facts suggest an association of the CYP epoxygenase-EETs-sEH axis with IL-1β expression as well as villous stromal hypovascularisation. Given the stable high expression of IL-10 in both controls and both types of diabetes, it appears that immune tolerance is maintained in HBCs.

• Klíčová slova
• CYP epoxygenases, gestational diabetes mellitus, hofbauer cells, placental inflammation, soluble epoxide hydrolase, type 1 diabetes mellitus,
• MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 1. typu * metabolismus   MeSH
• gestační diabetes * MeSH
• interleukin-10 metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• placenta metabolismus   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• zánět metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• interleukin-10 MeSH

AIMS: Hofbauer cells (HBCs) are placental macrophages playing various roles during normal and complicated pregnancies, and of the latter, chorioamnionitis is the most frequent. METHODS: In placenta with chorioamnionitis, we examined immunohistochemical expression profiles of IL-1β, IL-10, and their potential regulators, CYP2C8 and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), in Hofbauer cells and compared the results with our previously published data for normal placenta. RESULTS: We found that the expression profiles of the studied proteins in Hofbauer cells in chorioamnionitis differs from normal placenta. In chorioamnionitis, HBCs showed a moderate expression of IL-1β together with a weak expression of IL-10 and CYP2C8. Contrary to normal placenta, HBCs in chorioamnionitis express sEH. We demonstrated a moderate positive correlation between the expression of CYP2C8 and sEH in chorioamnionitis (Spearman r = 0.5654), suggesting enhanced degradation of anti-inflammatory epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Moreover, the relations of IL-1β and IL-10 to CYP2C8, previously described in normal placenta, disappeared. Furthermore, a weak expression of anti-inflammatory IL-10 in chorioamnionitis was accompanied by change in circularity of HBCs (Spearman r = 0.8193). CONCLUSION: Taken together, these findings suggest a possible alteration of the anti-inflammatory role of HBCs and its regulation in chorioamnionitis.

• Klíčová slova
• CYP epoxygenases, chorioamnionitis, placental macrophages, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines,
• MeSH
• antiflogistika MeSH
• chorioamnionitida * MeSH
• cytochrom P450 CYP2C8 * metabolismus   MeSH
• epoxid hydrolasy * metabolismus   MeSH
• imunomodulace MeSH
• interleukin-10 MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• placenta metabolismus   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antiflogistika MeSH
• CYP2C8 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• cytochrom P450 CYP2C8 * MeSH
• epoxid hydrolasy * MeSH
• interleukin-10 MeSH