Bisphenol S (BPS), the main replacement for bisphenol A (BPA), is thought to be toxic, but limited information is available on the effects of Bisphenol S on ovarian follicles. In our study, we demonstrated the presence of Bisphenol S in the follicular fluid of women at a concentration of 22.4 nM. The effect of such concentrations of Bisphenol S on oocyte maturation and subsequent embryo development is still unknown. Therefore, we focused on the effect of Bisphenol S on in vitro oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development. As a model, we used porcine oocytes, which show many physiological similarities to human oocytes. Oocytes were exposed to Bisphenol S concentrations similar to those detected in female patients in the ART clinic. We found a decreased ability of oocytes to successfully complete meiotic maturation. Mature oocytes showed an increased frequency of meiotic spindle abnormalities and chromosome misalignment. Alarming associations of oocyte Bisphenol S exposure with the occurrence of aneuploidy and changes in the distribution of mitochondria and mitochondrial proteins were demonstrated for the first time. However, the number and quality of blastocysts derived from oocytes that successfully completed meiotic maturation under the influence of Bisphenol S was not affected.

• Klíčová slova
• aneuploidy, bisphenol S (BPS), embryonic development, endocrine disruption, follicular fluid (FF), meiosis, oocyte,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Among unique cardiovascular risk factors in women are complications during pregnancy, including miscarriage. Important risk factor is also genetic background. One of powerful candidate genes for cardiovascular disease of atherosclerotic origin (aCVD) is gene for connexin 37 (Cx37) with strong gene-environment interaction including smoking status, that is also strong risk factor for complications in pregnancy including spontaneous abortion (SA). We analyzed association between SA and Cx37 gene polymorphism (1019C>T; Pro319Ser) in 547 fetuses and its potential interaction with smoking status of mothers. Using genetic analyses from women from general population as controls, ORs for T allele, found in our previous studies to be protective against aCVD, were calculated. T allele carriers (fetuses), had OR 0.91 (95 % CI 0.72-1.14) and no interaction with smoking was observed. In conclusion, no significant association between Cx37 polymorphism and SA was observed and no modifying effect of smoking status on this association was detected.

• MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
• heterozygot MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
• konexiny genetika   MeSH
• kouření MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• plod MeSH
• polymorfismus genetický MeSH
• protein alfa 4 mezerového spoje MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• samovolný potrat genetika   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• konexiny MeSH

The objective of this study was to examine the direct effects of the medicinal plant fennel (Foeniculumvulgare Mill.) on basic functions of ovarian cells, including proliferation, apoptosis, and response to the physiological hormonal stimulator, ghrelin. In the first series of experiments, porcine ovarian granulosa cells were cultured with (1, 10, 100 µg/ml) or without fennel extract. In the second series of experiments, cells were cultured with (1, 10, 100 ng/ml) or without ghrelin, alone or in combination with fennel extract (10 µg/ml). Expression of the proliferation marker, PCNA, and the apoptosis marker, bax, were analyzed via quantitative immunocytochemical methods. Fennel stimulated the accumulation of the proliferation marker, and suppressed the expression of the apoptosis marker. Ghrelin alone promoted proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian cells. The presence of fennel inhibited these ghrelin effects. These observations provide the first demonstration of (1) effects of fennel on farm animal reproduction, (2) direct effects of fennel on ovarian cells, (3) the ability of fennel to promote ovarian cell proliferation, to inhibit ovarian cell apoptosis, and to enhance the ovarian cell proliferation:apoptosis ratio. Furthermore, our results (4) confirm the involvement of ghrelin in the control of ovarian cell apoptosis and proliferation, and (5) demonstrate the ability of fennel to affect not only ovarian cell proliferation and apoptosis, but also to suppress the responses of ovarian cells to the upstream hormonal regulator ghrelin. Our results indicate the potential applicability of fennel as a bio-stimulator of farm animal reproduction.

• MeSH
• apoptóza účinky léků   MeSH
• Foeniculum * chemie   MeSH
• folikulární buňky účinky léků   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• ghrelin farmakologie   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• proliferační antigen buněčného jádra metabolismus   MeSH
• protein X asociovaný s bcl-2 metabolismus   MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• Sus scrofa MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• ghrelin MeSH
• GHRL protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• proliferační antigen buněčného jádra MeSH
• protein X asociovaný s bcl-2 MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH