Electrical cardioversion presents one of the treatment options for atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the early recurrence rate is high, reaching ~40% three months after the procedure. Features based on vectorcardiographic signals were explored to find association with early recurrence of AF. Eighty-four patients with non-paroxysmal AF referred to electrical cardioversion were prospectively studied; early AF recurrence was present in 40 (47.6%). Patients underwent 24-h Holter ECG monitoring three months after the procedure to assess AF recurrence. Pre-procedural 12-lead ECGs (10 s, 1 kHz) were recorded and automatically analyzed. We explored associations of VCG-based features with early AF recurrence. Two features were strongly associated with AF recurrence: (1) a mean VCG (y-axis) signal slope in a window starting 145 ms before QRS center, lasting for 190 ms (AUC 0.778, p < 0.001), and (2) a mean VCG (z-axis) signal slope in a window starting 60 ms after QRS center, lasting for 465 ms (AUC 0.744, p < 0.001). These features showed higher association to the outcome than eighteen baseline clinical features. Our approach revealed features based on a slope of vectorcardiographic signals. This work also suggests that state of ventricles strongly affects the AF recurrence after electrical cardioversion.

• Keywords
• Atrial fibrillation, Cardioversion, ECG, Signal processing, VCG,
• MeSH
• Electric Countershock * MeSH
• Electrocardiography, Ambulatory MeSH
• Atrial Fibrillation * therapy   physiopathology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Recurrence * MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Vectorcardiography * methods   MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH