The transient receptor potential ion channel TRPA1 is a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel widely expressed in sensory neurons, but also in many nonneuronal tissues typically possessing barrier functions, such as the skin, joint synoviocytes, cornea, and the respiratory and intestinal tracts. Here, the primary role of TRPA1 is to detect potential danger stimuli that may threaten the tissue homeostasis and the health of the organism. The ability to directly recognize signals of different modalities, including chemical irritants, extreme temperatures, or osmotic changes resides in the characteristic properties of the ion channel protein complex. Recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy have provided an important framework for understanding the molecular basis of TRPA1 function and have suggested novel directions in the search for its pharmacological regulation. This chapter summarizes the current knowledge of human TRPA1 from a structural and functional perspective and discusses the complex allosteric mechanisms of activation and modulation that play important roles under physiological or pathophysiological conditions. In this context, major challenges for future research on TRPA1 are outlined.

• Klíčová slova
• Chemosensation, Gating, Nociception, Sensory transduction, TRPA1 channel, Thermosensation,
• MeSH
• alosterická regulace MeSH
• elektronová kryomikroskopie metody   MeSH
• kationtové kanály TRP metabolismus   chemie   fyziologie   MeSH
• kationtový kanál TRPA1 * metabolismus   chemie   fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kationtové kanály TRP MeSH
• kationtový kanál TRPA1 * MeSH
• TRPA1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč