Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers with patients having unresectable or metastatic disease at diagnosis, with poor prognosis and very short survival. Given that genetic variation within autophagy-related genes influences autophagic flux and susceptibility to solid cancers, we decided to investigate whether 55,583 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 234 autophagy-related genes could influence the risk of developing PDAC in three large independent cohorts of European ancestry including 12,754 PDAC cases and 324,926 controls. The meta-analysis of these populations identified, for the first time, the association of the BIDrs9604789 variant with an increased risk of developing the disease (ORMeta = 1.31, p = 9.67 × 10-6). We also confirmed the association of TP63rs1515496 and TP63rs35389543 variants with PDAC risk (OR = 0.89, p = 6.27 × 10-8 and OR = 1.16, p = 2.74 × 10-5). Although it is known that BID induces autophagy and TP63 promotes cell growth, cell motility and invasion, we also found that carriers of the TP63rs1515496G allele had increased numbers of FOXP3+ Helios+ T regulatory cells and CD45RA+ T regulatory cells (p = 7.67 × 10-4 and p = 1.56 × 10-3), but also decreased levels of CD4+ T regulatory cells (p = 7.86 × 10-4). These results were in agreement with research suggesting that the TP63rs1515496 variant alters binding sites for FOXA1 and CTCF, which are transcription factors involved in modulating specific subsets of regulatory T cells. In conclusion, this study identifies BID as new susceptibility locus for PDAC and confirms previous studies suggesting that the TP63 gene is involved in the development of PDAC. This study also suggests new pathogenic mechanisms of the TP63 locus in PDAC.

• Klíčová slova
• autophagy, functional characterization, genetic variants, pancreatic cancer, polymorphisms, susceptibility,
• MeSH
• autofagie * genetika   MeSH
• běloši genetika   MeSH
• duktální karcinom slinivky břišní * genetika   patologie   MeSH
• forkhead transkripční faktory MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci * MeSH
• hepatocytární jaderný faktor 3-alfa genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus * MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery * genetika   MeSH
• nádorové supresorové proteiny * genetika   MeSH
• nádory slinivky břišní * genetika   patologie   MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• transkripční faktory genetika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• Názvy látek
• forkhead transkripční faktory MeSH
• FOXA1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• FOXP3 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• hepatocytární jaderný faktor 3-alfa MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery * MeSH
• nádorové supresorové proteiny * MeSH
• TP63 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• transkripční faktory MeSH

BACKGROUND: The genomes of present-day non-Africans are composed of 1-3% of Neandertal-derived DNA as a consequence of admixture events between Neandertals and anatomically modern humans about 50-60 thousand years ago. Neandertal-introgressed single nucleotide polymorphisms (aSNPs) have been associated with modern human disease-related traits, which are risk factors for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and inflammation. In this study, we aimed at investigating the role of aSNPs in PDAC in three Eurasian populations. RESULTS: The high-coverage Vindija Neandertal genome was used to select aSNPs in non-African populations from 1000 Genomes project phase 3 data. Then, the association between aSNPs and PDAC risk was tested independently in Europeans and East Asians, using existing GWAS data on more than 200 000 individuals. We did not find any significant associations between aSNPs and PDAC in samples of European descent, whereas, in East Asians, we observed that the Chr10p12.1-rs117585753-T allele (MAF = 10%) increased the risk to develop PDAC (OR = 1.35, 95%CI 1.19-1.54, P = 3.59 × 10-6), with a P-value close to a threshold that takes into account multiple testing. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show only a minimal contribution of Neandertal SNPs to PDAC risk.

• Klíčová slova
• Admixture, Association study, Eurasians, Introgression, Neandertal, Pancreatic cancer,
• MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu * MeSH
• duktální karcinom slinivky břišní * genetika   MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory slinivky břišní * genetika   MeSH
• neandertálci * genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH