The aim of the thesis is to present the case of a patient in whom bilateral calcification of the hydrophilic intraocular lens (IOL) Lentis M+ LS-313 MF30 (Oculentis) has developed. Due to the negative effect on visual functions, explantation and replacement of the artificial lens was necessary in both eyes. Case Report: An overview of the available literature summarized the diagnostics, current examination methods and possibilities of the surgical solution of calcification of the bifocal hydrophilic lens Lentis M+ LS-313 MF30 (Oculentis). The specific solution is described in a case report of a patient in whom calcification of both lenses developed 6 years after implantation of the IOL. In 2015, the patient underwent uncomplicated cataract surgery of both eyes with the implantation of an artificial intraocular lens into the capsule. In September 2021, an 82-year-old man was examined at our outpatient clinic for deterioration of visual acuity and changes in the material of the artificial IOL which were perceptible during a clinical examination, on the recommendation of a local ophthalmologist. Blurred vision predominated. A diagnosis of intraocular lens opacification was confirmed and documented using a Scheimpflug camera (OCULUS Pentacam HR) and anterior OCT (Avanti RTVue XR Optovue,). The patient was indicated for explantation and replacement of the opacified intraocular lens in the left and subsequently in the right eye- The same type of IOL was used for reimplantation with good functional results. Conclusion: Since 2010, multifocal lens implantation has been on an upward trend worldwide. This type of MF IOL has also been used in thousands of implantations. A number of other explantations can be expected in the coming years. The optimal solution is the correct replacement of the calcified IOL with the same construction made of safer hydrophobic material.

• Klíčová slova
• CBS, Calcification, Pentacam, anterior segment OCT, chronic kidney disease, hydrophilic acrylic lens, opacification,
• MeSH
• implantace nitrooční čočky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• kalcinóza chirurgie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• melanom * radioterapie   MeSH
• nádory choroidey radioterapie   diagnóza   MeSH
• nádory uvey radioterapie   MeSH
• nitrooční čočky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• radiační poranění etiologie   diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• radiochirurgie * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

PURPOSE: The study evaluates the rate of postoperative formation of a pupillary membrane (PM) and posterior visual axis opacification (PVAO) in infants with and without primary IOL implantation during the first 4 months of infancy. METHODS: Medical records for 144 eyes (101 infants) operated between 2005 and 2014 were evaluated. A posterior capsulectomy and anterior vitrectomy were performed. Primary IOL implantation was performed in 68 eyes, while 76 eyes were left aphakic. There were 16 bilateral cases in the pseudophakic group and 27 in the aphakic group. The follow-up period was 54.3 ± 21.05 months and 49.1 ± 18.60 months, respectively. Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis. The two-sample t-test with equal variance was used to compare surgery age, follow-up period and time intervals of complications. RESULTS: The mean age of surgery was 2.1 ± 0.85 months in the pseudophakic and 2.2 ± 1.01 months in the aphakic group. PM was diagnosed in 40% pseudophakic and 7% aphakic eyes. A second surgery for PVAO was performed in 72% pseudophakic and 16% aphakic eyes. Both were significantly higher in the pseudophakic group. In the pseudophakic group, the number of PVAO was significantly higher in infants operated before 8 weeks of age compared to surgery age 9-16 weeks. The frequency of PM was not age-dependent. CONCLUSION: Although it remains feasible to implant an IOL during the primary surgery, even in very young infants, there should always be solid arguments for this decision since it puts the child at higher risk of repeated surgeries under general anaesthesia.

• Klíčová slova
• Aphakia, Congenital cataract, Infants, Intraocular lens, Posterior visual axis opacification, Pupillary membrane,
• MeSH
• afakie * komplikace   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• extrakce katarakty * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• implantace nitrooční čočky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• katarakta * vrozené   MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• nitrooční čočky * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• pooperační komplikace epidemiologie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• zraková ostrost MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

AIMS: The aim of the study was to retrospectively evaluate changes in vision after the implantation of trifocal (tIOL) or rotationally asymmetric multifocal artificial intraocular lenses (mIOL) in patients undergoing clear lens extraction. The main goal was to determine whether changes to central visual acuity occur after the implantation of an IOL at a follow-up examination after one year. Other objectives were to determine the difference between the groups with implanted diffractive and rotationally asymmetric artificial intraocular lenses, as well as to evaluate the risk of accurate correction in patients who had lived most of their lives "undercorrected". MATERIAL AND METHODS: In our study, we present a retrospective longitudinal evaluation of results in patients after the implantation of an artificial intraocular lens. In the period from 2013 to 2020, we evaluated changes in the vision of 22 patients aged 39-59 years, of whom 18 were women and 5 were men. The average preoperative refraction of myopic eyes was +5.7 ±2.13 Dsf and +1.24 ±0.86 Dcyl. In amblyopic eyes, 7 diffractive lenses and 15 rotationally asymmetric lenses were used. RESULTS: Uncorrected distance visual acuity before surgery and one year (1Y) after was 0.13 ±0.09 vs. 0.57 ±0.28 (p < 0.001); the best corrected distance visual acuity before and 1Y after was 0.53 ±0.22 vs. 0.62 ±0.29 (p = 0.024); uncorrected near visual acuity before and 1Y after was 0.06 ±0.06 vs. 0.48 ±0.32 (p < 0.001); the best corrected near visual acuity before and afér the surgical procedure was 0.45 ±0.27vs. 0.55 ±0.35 (p = 0.014). CONCLUSION: Implantation of tIOL and mIOL lenses was effective in our group of patients with amblyopia, thus improving uncorrected distance and near visual acuity and without serious adverse effects. At the same time, we evaluate that the change in refraction and the removal of anisometropia lead to a significant change in the best corrected visual acuity for distance or near vision at the one-year follow-up examination.

• Klíčová slova
• CLE, amblyopia, intraocular lens,
• MeSH
• amblyopie * etiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fakoemulzifikace * MeSH
• implantace nitrooční čočky škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myopie * chirurgie   MeSH
• nitrooční čočky * MeSH
• protézy - design MeSH
• refrakce oka MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• zraková ostrost MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

AIMS: To analyze changes in surgically induced corneal astigmatism and articial intraocular lens (IOL) stability over time following cataract surgery. To compare the interchangeability of measurements between an automatic keratorefractometer (AKRM) and a biometer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this prospective observational study, the above-mentioned parameters were collected from 25 eyes (25 subjects) on the first day, first week, first and third month after uncomplicated cataract surgery. We used IOL-induced astigmatism (difference between refractometry and keratometry) as an indirect indicator of IOL stability change. We used the Blant-Altman method to analyze consistency between devices. RESULTS: At the above time points, surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) decreased as follows: 0.65 D; 0.62 D; 0.60 D and 0.41 D (in the first day, week, month and third month respectively). Astigmatism induced by changes of the position of the IOL varied as follows: 0.88 D; 0.59 D; 0.44 D and 0.49 D. Changes in both parameters were statistically significant (p0.05). CONCLUSION: Both surgically induced astigmatism and astigmatism induced by IOL decreased over time, in which both changes were statistically significant. The decrease in SIA was most pronounced between the first and third month after surgery. For IOL-induced astigmatism, the greatest decrease was within the first month after surgery. The differences in measurement between the biometer and AKRM were statistically insignificant, but the clinical interchangeability between the given methods is questionable, especially with regard to measurement of the astigmatism angle.

• Klíčová slova
• astigmatism change over time, intraocular lens position, surgically induced astigmatism,
• MeSH
• astigmatismus * diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• fakoemulzifikace * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• implantace nitrooční čočky škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• katarakta * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci rohovky * MeSH
• nitrooční čočky * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• refrakce oka MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH

PURPOSE: To determine the changes in endothelial cell density, refractive results, and risk factors associated with endothelial loss in patients with irisclaw phakic intraocular lenses for myopia/myopic astigmatism (Artisan). METHODOLOGY: Data collection was obtained from an existing database with information on patients with a phakic Artisan lens implant between 1998 and 2011 at the Virgilio Galvis Ophthalmology Centre, with at least 5 years of follow-up. As a second stage, an analysis was carried out to identify the change in endothelial cell density and its potential associated factors. RESULTS: A total of 80 eyes with myopic errors were included with a follow-up of 11.9 + 3.48 years. The percentage of total loss of endothelial cells was greater than 25% of the preoperative density in 43.8% of the eyes. A postoperative annual loss > 1.6% was found in 47.0% of the eyes with that information available. 41 eyes (51%) had final endothelial density < 2000 cells/mm2, and 7 (8.8%) eyes had endothelial cell density < 1000 cells/mm2. Among the variables studied, no associated factors for long-term endothelial loss were found. During the course of the study, 8 (10%) phakic intraocular lenses were explanted, including 3 with accelerated endothelial loss, and another 2 with cataract associated and a significantly low endothelial density. The last mean spherical equivalent was -0.81 (±1.01 D), and the final uncorrected distance visual acuity was 0.45 logMar (Snellen 20/56). CONCLUSION: Artisan-type phakic lenses are a good alternative for the correction of high myopic defects, with predictable refractive results in the long term. However, there is an increased loss of endothelial cells in the long term in a high percentage of patients. Strict postoperative follow-up, including endothelial evaluation, is required, and further studies are warranted.

• Klíčová slova
• Refractive surgery, corneal endothelium, corneal oedema, intraocular phakic lens, loss of endothelial cells, refractive surgery,
• MeSH
• astigmatismus * etiologie   MeSH
• endoteliální buňky MeSH
• fakické nitrooční čočky * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• implantace nitrooční čočky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myopie * chirurgie   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• nitrooční čočky * MeSH
• počet buněk MeSH
• refrakce oka MeSH
• rohovkový endotel MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Phakic intraocular lenses are used to correct refractive errors. The procedure is predictable and potentially reversible. The procedure is not free of complications though. The occurrence of iris cyst after implantation of a phakic intraocular lens was not described previously in the literature. We describe two cases of iris cysts in the presence of a phakic intraocular lens; the first case describes a cyst which was not present prior to the anterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation. The second case describes a hidden iris cyst that affected the posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens position and lead to glaucoma.

• Klíčová slova
• Phakic intraocular lens, complications, glaucoma, iris cyst,
• MeSH
• corpus ciliare patologie   MeSH
• cysty diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fakické nitrooční čočky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• implantace nitrooční čočky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myopie chirurgie   MeSH
• nemoci duhovky diagnóza   etiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• nemoci uvey diagnóza   etiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• vyšetření štěrbinovou lampou MeSH
• zraková ostrost fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

PURPOSE: To evaluate long-term refractive outcomes of implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation and late postoperative complications. METHODS: We assessed outcomes of patients who underwent ICL implantation (type ICM V4 for myopia, ICH V3 for hyperopia, TICM V4 for astigmatism) in our department between 1998 and 2013. It comprised 62 eyes (40 myopic and 22 hyperopic). The average follow-up period was 10.5 years. We evaluated: uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity (UCVA and BCVA), spherical equivalent (SE), ICL vault, endothelial cell density and late postoperative complications. RESULTS: In myopes, the average UCVA was 1.0±0.37 and BCVA 1.18±0.38, in hyperopes 0.78±0.19 and 1.14±0.18, respectively. The average SE in myopes, whose target refraction was emmetropia, was -0.6±0.83 Dsf, in hyperopes +0.73±0.93. Central ICL vault was 206.16μm±105.94, (range 10-427) in myopes, 195.5μm±109.09, (range 20-404) in hyperopes. The most common late postoperative complication was cataract formation. Three myopic eyes (7.5%) developed symptomatic anterior subcapsular opacities with loss of at least two lines of BCVA. Cataract significantly affecting visual acuity occurred in 5 myopic eyes (12.5%) and 2 hyperopic eyes (9.09%). In these eyes, ICL removal and cataract surgery was performed. CONCLUSIONS: In our experience, ICL implantation in moderate and high ametropia was effective and relatively safe. The most common late complication was cataract formation. This complication can be managed effectively surgically with good refractive outcomes without loss of BCVA.

• Klíčová slova
• Chirurgie réfractive, ICL, Implant phaque intra-oculaire de chambre postérieure, Implantable collamer lens, Implantable collamer lens (ICL), Posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens, Refractive surgery,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fakické nitrooční čočky * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• hypermetropie diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• implantace nitrooční čočky škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• myopie diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• pooperační komplikace etiologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

AIM: The aim of the retrospective study was to establish the frequency of the posterior lens capsule opacification after the cataract surgery and artificial intraocular lens (IOL) Acri.Smart 46S (Acri.Tech Zeiss) implantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 72 eyes (30 men and 28 women), their average age was 65.4 +/- 8.4 years, with performed cataract surgery and implanted IOL Acri.Smart 46S (Acri.Tech Zeiss). After the average period of 32.4 +/- 7.3 months after the surgery, the patients underwent the examination with refractive error measurement, uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity for for, and posterior lens capsule transparency examination with dilated pupils and with retroillumination photography taken by NIDEK EAS-100 device. RESULTS: After the average follow-up period of 32.4 +/- 7.3 months after the surgery, the refractive error was -0.32 +/- 0.8 diopters and average cylindrical error -0.8 +/- 0.6 Dcyl. The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 0.72 +/- 0.3, and the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) 0.95 +/- 0.2. The average diameter of the examined posterior capsule was 5.89 +/- 2.1 mm, and the transparency of the posterior capsule was 98.41 +/- 8.5%. In two eyes (2.7%) only, the YAG capsulotomy was performed. CONCLUSION: The IOL Acri.Smart is safe, easy to implant IOL, which meets the requirements of the microincision surgery. The IOL had very low incidence of posterior lens capsule opacification, and in two eyes (2.7%) only the YAG capsulotomy was performed.

• MeSH
• extrakce katarakty škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• implantace nitrooční čočky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nitrooční čočky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zkalení zadního pouzdra čočky etiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE: To assess postoperative outcomes of implanted hydrophilic expandable intraocular lenses ACQUA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred eyes of 75 patients with implanted intraocular lens (IOL) ACQUA were involved. IOLs were implanted during the period 2004 to 2005. The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractive error and its spherical equivalent (SE) were measured preoperatively and 1 day, 1, 6, 12 months postoperatively. Possible postoperative complications were evaluated as well. The patients were divided into two groups: first group with the age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) and the second one without it. RESULTS: Sixty-five patients (90 eyes) finished the one-year follow-up period. Preoperative UCVA was 0.23 +/- 0.19, BCVA 0.43 +/- 0.23 and SE + 0.15 +/- + 2.06 D (dioptres). Statistically significant differences between UCVA and BCVA one day and one month postoperatively were established. Six months after the operation and later on, the mean UCVA and BCVA were 0.61 +/- 0.26, and 0.82 +/- 0.23 respectively in all eyes, and 0.67 +/- 0.24, and 0.9 +/- 0.17 respectively in the group of eyes without ARMD. Spherical equivalent was stable during the whole follow-up period, one year after the surgery it was -0.1 +/- 1.12 D in the group of all 90 eyes. The IOL central positioning in the bag was excellent in 86 eyes. Nd:YAG laser anterior capsulotomies were performed in two eyes due to the stricture of the anterior capsule and posterior capsulotomy was performed in one eye due to the fibrous secondary cataract. The ACQUA IOL had to be explanted from one eye because of recurrent acute non-infectious inflammation of the anterior segment. CONCLUSION: According to our experience, the IOL ACQUA Mediphacos shows good and stable postoperative outcomes.

• MeSH
• implantace nitrooční čočky * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nitrooční čočky * MeSH
• refrakce oka MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zraková ostrost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE: The posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most frequent complication of uncomplicated extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE). It is caused by incompletely removed epithelial cells of the original lens capsule, which proliferate and migrate along the internal anterior and posterior surface of capsule. Clinically, the PCO manifests as blurred vision and decrease of visual acuity. Opacification of the initially transparent posterior capsule occurs in patients who underwent the ECCE at variable time after surgery. According to the currently published results, the incidence of PCO varies from 10 to 40%, 3 to 5 years after the cataract surgery. In patients with certain types of IOLs (sharp-edged IOLs), the PCO rate has been reported as low as 5%. The anterior eye segment analyzing system is a device designed to measure the degree of PCO objectively and thus to compare the various types of IOLs, various surgical techniques and their effect on the PCO development, independently on the patient's visual acuity. The aim of the study proposed is to assess PCO development in patients operated on at the Department of Ophthalmology of Faculty Hospital Bratislava, Slovakia, EU, by means of the EAS 1000 machine (NIDEK). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the PCO development following the implantation of various IOLs types based on the measurement of the eyes of patients operated on at our department. PCO assessment was performed by EAS 1000 on day 1, day 7, and 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after the cataract surgery. Capsules of patients with various intraoperative findings were compared in the study. The first (and largest) group consisted of patients with no postoperative fibrosis and no perioperative complications (I. part). The second and third groups included patients with the intraoperative findings of posterior capsule fibrosis and patients with previous eye surgery, respectively. RESULTS: No significant drop of posterior capsule transparency was detected following the implantation of various types of intraocular lenses. In the group of eyes compromised by previous surgery, the comparison was possible to be made on the first postoperative day only, yet with an insignificant result. CONCLUSION: Anterior eye segment analyzer EAS 1000 (NIDEK) allows objective evaluation of posterior lens capsule transparency using the digital retro-illumination photography. It appears that not all posterior capsule findings in eyes with intraocular lenses are suitable for such objective analysis.

• MeSH
• extrakce katarakty MeSH
• implantace nitrooční čočky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• katarakta etiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nitrooční čočky * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH