This article describes two cases of fatal complications of urolithiasis. The first case discusses the development of fatal urosepsis in a patient with a known mental health issue. The patient had self-introduced a thermometer into her bladder, which led to stone formation around the thermometer and consequently to fatal urosepsis. The second case deals with a motor vehicle accident in which a passenger with pre-existing hydronephrosis suffered a kidney injury leading to fatal bleeding into the surrounding adipose tissue. To provide a wider context, the paper also discusses the fatal complications and origin of urolithiasis.
- Klíčová slova
- Cause of death, Hydronephrosis, Trauma, Urolithiasis, Urosepsis,
- MeSH
- ledviny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- sepse * MeSH
- urolitiáza * etiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
It is well documented that the polysaccharide glucomannan (GM), an abundant constituent of the fungal cell wall, in the form of particulate induces strong activation of phagocytes, however, the effects of soluble GM are not known. Activation of phagocyte anti-microbial mechanisms is a crucial part of the innate host defense against invading pathogens. However, under uncontrolled inflammatory conditions they contribute to damage of surrounding tissues. Thus, to prevent these deleterious effects, the activation of phagocytes is a tightly regulated process. Therefore, in this study we analyzed the effect of soluble GM on some neutrophil functions such as reactive oxygen species production, degranulation, and receptor mobilization at the plasma membrane. Soluble GM at the tested concentrations did not stimulate oxidative burst of phagocytes directly but significantly potentiated oxidative burst in response to opsonized zymosan particles. GM induced significant phosphorylation of p47phox subunit of NADPH oxidase on Ser345. This priming effect of GM was accompanied by time and concentration dependent degranulation characterized by increased surface expression of receptors stored in neutrophil granules (CD10, CD11b, CD14, CD35, and CD66b). Degranulation was further confirmed by increase of elastase activity in media. Thus, it could be suggested that soluble GM induces priming of phagocytes connected with their degranulation, the increase of surface receptor expression, and potentiation of oxidative burst response to opsonized particles through the activation of NADPH oxidase.
- MeSH
- Candida chemie MeSH
- fagocyty účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- fosforylace účinky léků MeSH
- GTP-vázající protein RAC2 MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mannany farmakologie MeSH
- NADPH-oxidasy metabolismus MeSH
- rac proteiny vázající GTP metabolismus MeSH
- respirační vzplanutí účinky léků MeSH
- zymosan farmakologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- (1-6)-alpha-glucomannan MeSH Prohlížeč
- mannany MeSH
- NADPH-oxidasy MeSH
- neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 MeSH Prohlížeč
- rac proteiny vázající GTP MeSH
- zymosan MeSH
