BACKGROUND: Smoking is the leading, preventable risk factor for premature death and disability in Hungary. The objective of this paper was to assess the social acceptability of and the predictors of holding favourable attitudes toward tobacco control policies among the Hungarian population. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire-based study was carried out among individuals aged 16-70 years. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess whether support for the ten tobacco control policies varies as a function of age, sex, educational level, and smoking status. RESULTS: The majority of the respondents supported the studied tobacco control measures. Over 90 percent of the sample supported: fines for retailers selling tobacco products to minors (92.3%), stricter enforcement of restrictions on selling tobacco products to minors (90.5%), and a ban on smoking in health care institutions (91.4%). The lowest levels of support were for bans on sponsorship by the tobacco industry (52.8%) and price increases on tobacco products (54.9%). For each measure, support was significantly lower among smokers than non-smokers. Age and education were significantly related to support for some but not all measures. CONCLUSIONS: Strong majorities of Hungarians support the enactment and enforcement of a wide range of tobacco control measures, a fact that was acknowledged by Parliament's passage of the 2011 Anti-Smoking Law. Advocacy efforts to encourage the acceptance of tobacco control policies should focus not only on smokers, but also on younger and less educated non-smokers.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kouření zákonodárství a právo   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• postoj * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• stupeň vzdělání MeSH
• tabákový průmysl zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe MeSH
• zdravotní politika * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Maďarsko MeSH

INTRODUCTION: The relationship between body weight and smoking has been well-documented among adult populations, but the data among youth are inconsistent. This study explores the relationship among social, behavioural, body weight-related factors and adolescent smoking while identifying factors associated with the belief that smoking controls weight. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Baseline data from a three-year, prospective cohort study started in 2009 in Hungary's six metropolitan cities. Randomly selected 6th and 9th grade students completed a self-administered questionnaire during the 2009-2010 school year (n = 1445; 45% boys, mean age of 6th graders: 12.06 years, SD = 0.63; mean age of 9th graders: 15.06 years, SD = 0.63). Calculations of Body Mass Index (BMI) were based on objectively measured weight and height data of participants. Appetite-Weight Control Scale of the Short Form of Smoking Consequences Questionnaire was used to measure the belief that smoking supports weight control. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between the perception of weight control and smoking, while controlling for potential confounding variables (e.g., gender). RESULTS: 24.8% of participants smoked cigarettes within the past 30 days. The odds of smoking were increased among students who were older, had smoking friends, were exposed to parental smoking, and had poorer academic performance. BMI showed positive association with smoking (increases in BMI were associated with higher odds of smoking), and the belief that smoking controls weight mediated this association. There was no difference in smoking prevalence among those motivated either to lose or gain weight (approximately 30%), but was considerably lower among adolescents satisfied with their body weight (19%). The belief that smoking supports weight control was more common for girls, older students, and those who perceived themselves as overweight. CONCLUSIONS: Dissatisfaction with body weight and the belief that smoking has weight controlling effects are associated with an increased likelihood of adolescent smoking, therefore they must be considered in smoking prevention programmes among youth.

• MeSH
• chování mladistvých psychologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• kouření epidemiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• představa o vlastním těle MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rodiče MeSH
• sociální prostředí MeSH
• stupeň vzdělání MeSH
• tělesná hmotnost * MeSH
• vyrovnaná skupina MeSH
• zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe * MeSH
• znečištění tabákovým kouřem MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Maďarsko epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• znečištění tabákovým kouřem MeSH

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this research was to assess factors associated with quit attempts and successful smoking cessation among a sample of socioeconomically disadvantaged pregnant women living in Eastern Hungary. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In-person interviews were conducted among 201 women residing in Eastern Hungary who self-identified as occasional or regular smokers at the time they learned they were pregnant. RESULTS: 54% of the women were smokers at the time they learned they were pregnant. Just over half tried to quit, but only 20% were successful. Factors associated with reduced likelihood of quit attempts included being a regular (vs. occasional) smoker (OR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.13-1.00) and being Roma (vs. non-Roma) (OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.14-0.72). Women who completed high school were 7% times more likely to quit (OR = 7.5, 95% CI 1.68-33.2) and those who were employed were 7% times more likely to quit (OR = 7.6, 95% CI 1.88-30.35). Regular smokers were 88% less likely to quit than occasional smokers. DISCUSSION: Smoking cessation interventions targeting pregnant women are needed in Eastern Hungary. Efforts to integrate smoking cessation into the current excellent pre-natal care and health visitor program will reach most women who are pregnant or who have given birth within the preceding 3 years.

• MeSH
• kouření škodlivé účinky   etnologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• odvykání kouření ekonomika   etnologie   psychologie   MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• prenatální péče metody   normy   MeSH
• prevence kouření * MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Romové psychologie   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• socioekonomické faktory MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• těhotné ženy etnologie   psychologie   MeSH
• výsledek těhotenství etnologie   MeSH
• zdravé chování MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Maďarsko epidemiologie   MeSH

BACKGROUND: More than 1 in 5 deaths in Hungary can be attributed to tobacco smoking. The role of the public health agency in responding to and ameliorating the tobacco epidemic in Hungary has been, until now, unexplored. This paper explores the social will of the public health agency workers to adopt tobacco control measures. METHODS: 269 Hungarian public health workers throughout Hungary completed an electronic survey on the types of programs offered by the public health agency, the perceived level of responsibility to reduce tobacco use, and the social will of the agencies to curb tobacco use. Multivariate analyses were performed to estimate factors which contribute to the social will to curb tobacco use. RESULTS: 48% of public health workers in Hungary report that it is absolutely important for local public health agencies to offer tobacco prevention and cessation programs, but only 3% indicate that they have earmarked funds to support anti-tobacco programs. Most workers favor more programs and policies to curb tobacco use in Hungary, such as taxation (67%) and banning smoking in restaurants (81%) and confined sporting events (93%). Factors positively associated with a stronger social will for tobacco control included being a former or never smoker (versus a current smoker) (p < 0.001) and being middle age (40-49, p = 0.04 and 50-59, p = 0.01) (versus being under the age of 30). CONCLUSION: Based on a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analyses, we argue that public health workers have the potential to play an important role in disseminating health promotion programs and advocating for broader statewide policies that could reduce tobacco use and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. However, such an opportunity is missed with neither designated funding nor a nationally-dedicated office to tobacco control in Hungary.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• internet MeSH
• kouření zákonodárství a právo   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• odvykání kouření MeSH
• podpora zdraví MeSH
• postoj zdravotnického personálu * MeSH
• řízení společenských procesů zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• sběr dat MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• veřejné zdravotnictví - praxe zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• zdravotní politika * MeSH
• znečištění tabákovým kouřem zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Maďarsko MeSH
• Názvy látek
• znečištění tabákovým kouřem MeSH