The lipid composition of the brain is of great importance to its metabolism and function. Although much research has been done on regional brain lipid composition, studies usually suffer from limited brain regions or from limited lipids analyzed. We modified a previously described method for the separation of brain phospholipids and glycolipids, improving the separation and sensitivity of the method. Using this modified method, we measured the lipid composition of the frontal and entorhinal cortices, the hippocampus, basal ganglia, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata of five rats under nitrous oxide analgesia. Total lipid content was highest (p < 0.05) in the medulla oblongata (111.0 +/- 6.0 mg/g wet brain, X +/- SD) followed by the hippocampus (72.6 +/- 2.8), cerebellum (62.7 +/- 4.6), basal ganglia (62.6 +/- 1.5), frontal cortex (57.7 +/- 2.1), and entorhinal cortex (53.3 +/- 1.9). The areas with higher total lipid content (p < 0.05) also had higher percentages of cerebrosides (18.6 +/- 2.2 in the medulla oblongata vs 8.3 +/- 1.2 in the frontal cortex) and 40 to 50% lower levels of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol. The relation between the ratio of cerebrosides plus sulfatides to phosphatidylcholine and the total lipid content indicates that differences in brain lipid composition between regions are attributable to their relative gray/white matter content.

• MeSH
• cholesterol metabolismus   MeSH
• chromatografie na tenké vrstvě MeSH
• denzitometrie MeSH
• fosfolipidy metabolismus   MeSH
• glykolipidy metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• metabolismus lipidů * MeSH
• mozek - chemie fyziologie   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cholesterol MeSH
• fosfolipidy MeSH
• glykolipidy MeSH

Lipoid character of plasma membrane namely the presence of polyenic fatty acids enables to interact with membrane proteins and in certain extent also to modulate their function. During the development, molecules of membrane fatty acids become more and more complex, and the ratio of polyenic fatty acids/saturated fatty acids in the brain rises, while the concentration of monoenic fatty acids remained relatively stable. This phenomenon is apparent also in the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids OMEGA-3 in plasma of newborns which correlates with the birth weight. Plasma membrane reflects local specializations of nerve cells. Its composition varies in functionally specialized regions called domains. Specialized domains of nerve cells determine the function of dendrites, soma, axon, axon hillock ect. Premature weaning of laboratory rats results in structural changes and in the increase of excitability of neuronal circuits in hypothalamus, septum and hippocampus which indicate the possibility of membrane composition changes. In synapses, transport proteins of synaptic vesicles, act together with the specific proteins of the presynaptic membrane. Membrane proteins determine the release of neurotransmitter at different conditions of synaptic activity, and they can contribute to the recovery of neurotransmitter content after the repeated hyperactivity. In the model of experimental kindling, repeated seizures bring about decreases and distribution changes of synaptic vesicles.

• MeSH
• buněčná membrána fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipidové dvojvrstvy MeSH
• membránové proteiny fyziologie   MeSH
• neurony fyziologie   MeSH
• neuroplasticita fyziologie   MeSH
• synapse fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• lipidové dvojvrstvy MeSH
• membránové proteiny MeSH