Sarcoidosis-associated uveitis, is the predominant ocular sarcoidosis presentation, which affects both adults and children. For adults, international ocular sarcoidosis criteria (IWOS) and sarcoidosis-associated uveitis criteria (SUN) are defined. However, for children they are not yet established internationally. Due to the specificity of pediatric manifestations of sarcoidosis, this task is even more challenging. In children, sarcoidosis is subdivided into Blau syndrome and early-onset sarcoidosis (BS/EOS) affecting younger children (< 5 years) and the one affecting older children with clinical presentation resembling adults. Differential diagnosis, clinical work-up as well as diagnostic criteria should be adapted to each age group. In this article, we review the clinical manifestation of sarcoidosis-associated uveitis in adults and children and the sensitivity and specificity of various ocular sarcoidosis diagnostic modalities, including chest X-ray and CT, FDG PET-CT, gallium-67 scintigraphy, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, genetic testing for NOD2 mutations and serum biomarkers, such as ACE, lysozyme and IL2R.

• Klíčová slova
• Biomarkers, Children, Criteria, Diagnosis, Sarcoidosis, Uveitis,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Sarcoidosis is a disorder of unknown etiology, that may affect any organ in human body, most often lungs and lymph nodes. New diagnostic guidelines and new treatment recommendations were recently published. Since differential diagnosis of sarcoidosis is broad, diagnostic algorithm has to be complex. Diagnosis needs to be confirmed before initiation of any any treatment regimen - it is a severe mistake to start treatment before confirmation of diagnosis (histologic pattern of epitheloid non necrotising granuloma, exclusion of other possible causes of granulomatous diseases, exclusive situations mentioned in the article body). Not every patient with sarcoidosis needs pharmacologic treatment. Treatment decision should involve extent of involvement, risk of damage of affected organs and patient symptoms. While in patients with Löfgren syndrome both histologic verification and systemic corticotherapy is not needed (systemic corticotherapy should be avoided), pharmacologic treatment is necessary in patients with myocardial involvement.

• Klíčová slova
• sarcoidosis, diagnosis, granuloma, sarcoidosis, therapy,
• MeSH
• diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
• granulom diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfatické uzliny MeSH
• sarkoidóza * diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown cause. Its clinical presentations are heterogeneous and virtually any organ system can be affected, most commonly lungs. The manifestations of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) are heterogenous depending on the extent and location of the disease and range from asymptomatic forms to life-threatening arrhythmias as well as to progressive heart failure. Cardiac involvement is associated with a worse prognosis. The diagnosis of CS is often challenging and requires a multimodality approach based on current international recommendations. Pharmacological treatment of CS is based on administration of anti-inflammatory therapy (mainly corticosteroids), which is often combined with heart failure medication and/or antiarrhythmics. Nonpharmacological therapeutic approaches in CS cover pacemaker or defibrillator implantation, catheter ablations and heart transplantation. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of CS including its epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical presentations, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic possibilities.

• Klíčová slova
• FDG-PET/CT, conduction disorders, granulomas, heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias,
• MeSH
• kardiomyopatie * diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• kardiostimulátor * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myokarditida * MeSH
• sarkoidóza * diagnóza   epidemiologie   terapie   MeSH
• srdeční arytmie diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• srdeční selhání * diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Brief review of histopathology of non-tumor pulmonary diseases with nodular or granulomatous morphology. Differential diagnosis of infections, sarcoidosis, vasculitides with a granulomatous component and selected pneumoconioses is presented.

• Klíčová slova
• granuloma - mycobacterioses - mycosis - sarcoidosis - vasculitis - silicosis.,
• MeSH
• diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
• granulom diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plicní nemoci diagnóza   MeSH
• plicní sarkoidóza diagnóza   MeSH
• pneumonie diagnóza   MeSH
• vaskulitida diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL *, ERYTHEMA NODOSUM *, REVIEW *, SARCOIDOSIS *,
• MeSH
• diferenciální diagnóza * MeSH
• erythema nodosum * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sarkoidóza * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Although sarcoidosis is a well-known disease, sarcoidosis patient outcome and the role of prognostic markers in everyday practice have not yet been well described. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to analyse the fate of sarcoidosis patients and the factors influencing the disease's behaviour in routine practice. METHODS: The study was a retrospective analysis of 306 consecutive patients (181 females and 125 males; median age 45 years) diagnosed with sarcoidosis in the years 2003-2012. RESULTS: Through the use of uniparametric analysis, it was determined that the stage of the disease, organ involvement, CD4/CD8 ratio in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), serum and urine calcium levels, smoking, and pulmonary functions had a significant influence on spontaneous sarcoidosis resolution. Multiparametric analysis revealed that spontaneous resolution was significantly positively influenced by female gender, a less advanced disease stage, a higher CD4/CD8 ratio in the BALF, lymphocytosis in the BALF and normal pulmonary functions at diagnosis. During follow-up, only three patients died. The causes of death were respiratory failure with pneumonia (n = 2) and heart attack caused by sarcoidosis heart involvement (n = 1). CONCLUSION: The data show sarcoidosis as a disorder with high variability in clinical and laboratory findings but with good general prognosis.

• Klíčová slova
• diagnosis, prognostic factors, sarcoidosis, therapy,
• MeSH
• bronchoalveolární lavážní tekutina imunologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• poměr CD4 a CD8 lymfocytů MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• sarkoidóza diagnóza   imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• SARCOIDOSIS/diagnosis *,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• sarkoidóza diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is a form of inflammatory cardiomyopathy associated with significant clinical complications such as high-degree atrioventricular block, ventricular tachycardia, and heart failure as well as sudden cardiac death. It is therefore important to provide an expert consensus statement summarizing the role of different available diagnostic tools and emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. By integrating clinical information and the results of diagnostic tests, an accurate, validated, and timely diagnosis can be made, while alternative diagnoses can be reasonably excluded. This clinical expert consensus statement reviews the evidence on the management of different CS manifestations and provides advice to practicing clinicians in the field on the role of immunosuppression and the treatment of cardiac complications based on limited published data and the experience of international CS experts. The monitoring and risk stratification of patients with CS is also covered, while controversies and future research needs are explored.

• Klíčová slova
• Cardiac sarcoidosis, Diagnosis, Epidemiology, Immunosuppression, Management, Multidisciplinary, Screening,
• MeSH
• imunosupresiva terapeutické užití   MeSH
• kardiomyopatie * diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• náhlá srdeční smrt prevence a kontrola   etiologie   MeSH
• sarkoidóza * diagnóza   terapie   komplikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• imunosupresiva MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• BIOPSY *, ELECTROMYOGRAPHY *, MUSCULAR DISEASES *, SARCOIDOSIS *,
• MeSH
• biopsie * MeSH
• elektromyografie * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci svalů * MeSH
• sarkoidóza * MeSH
• svaly * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• biopsie * MeSH
• cytodiagnostika MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plíce patologie   MeSH
• plicní nemoci diagnóza   MeSH
• sarkoidóza diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH