This article presents an overview of existing approaches to perform vectorcardiographic (VCG) diagnostics of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Individual methodologies are divided into categories to create a comprehensive and clear overview of electrical cardiac activity measurement, signal pre-processing, features extraction and classification procedures. An emphasis is placed on methods describing the electrical heart space (EHS) by several features extraction techniques based on spatiotemporal characteristics or signal modelling and signal transformations. Performance of individual methodologies are compared depending on classification of extent of ischemia, acute forms - myocardial infarction (MI) and myocardial scars localization. Based on a comparison of imaging methods, the advantages of VCG over the standard 12-leads ECG such as providing a 3D orthogonal leads imaging, better performance, and appropriate computer processing are highlighted. The issues of electrical cardiac activity measurements on body surface, the lack of VKG databases supported by a more accurate imaging method, possibility of comparison with the physiology of individual cases are outlined as potential reserves for future research.

Department of Biomedical Technology Faculty of Biomedical Engineering Czech Technical University Prague Nam Sitna 3105 272 01 Kladno Czech Republic

Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science VSB Technical University of Ostrava 17 listopadu 15 Ostrava Poruba 708 00 Czech Republic

Department of Industrial Electronic and Mechanical Engineering Roma Tre University Via Vito Volterra 62 00146 Rome Italy

Department of Surgical Studies Faculty of Medicine of the University of Ostrava Syllabova 19 703 00 Ostrava 3 Czech Republic

Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Zilina Zilina Czech Republic

Surgery Clinic University Hospital Ostrava 17 listopadu 13 Ostrava Czech Republic

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