• MeSH
• adenomyóza * diagnostické zobrazování   diagnóza   etiologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• diagnostické zobrazování metody   MeSH
• fertilizace in vitro metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci dělohy diagnóza   klasifikace   patologie   MeSH
• ultrasonografie metody   MeSH
• ženská infertilita etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• isthmokéla,
• MeSH
• císařský řez MeSH
• divertikl * chirurgie   diagnóza   etiologie   klasifikace   terapie   MeSH
• fertilizace in vitro MeSH
• hysteroskopie metody   MeSH
• jizva komplikace   patologie   MeSH
• laparoskopie metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• ženská infertilita chirurgie   etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

There is increasing evidence that bisphenols BPS and BPF, which are analogues of BPA, have deleterious effects on reproduction even at extremely low doses. Indirect exposure via the maternal route (i.e. across the placenta and/or by breastfeeding) is underestimated, although it can be assumed to be a cause of idiopathic female infertility. Therefore, we hypothesised the deleterious effects of exposure to BPA analogues during breastfeeding on the ovarian and oocyte quality of offspring. A 15-day exposure period of pups was designed, whilst nursing dams (N ≥ 6 per experimental group) were treated via drinking water with a low (0.2 ng/g body weight/day) or moderate (20 ng/g body weight/day) dose of bisphenol, mimicking real exposure in humans. Thereafter, female pups were bred to 60 days and oocytes were collected. Immature oocytes were used in the in-vitro maturation assay; alternatively, in-vivo-matured oocytes were isolated and used for parthenogenetic activation. Both in-vitro- and in-vivo-matured oocytes were subjected to immunostaining of spindle microtubules (α-tubulin) and demethylation of histone H3 on the lysine K27 (H3K27me2) residue. Although very low doses of both BPS and BPF did not affect the quality of ovarian histology, spindle formation and epigenetic signs were affected. Notably, in-vitro-matured oocytes were significantly sensitive to both doses of BPS and BPF. Although no significant differences in spindle-chromatin quality were identified in ovulated and in-vivo-matured oocytes, developmental competence was significantly damaged. Taken together, our mouse model provides evidence that bisphenol analogues represent a risk to human reproduction, possibly leading to idiopathic infertility in women.

• MeSH
• aparát dělícího vřeténka účinky léků   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• benzhydrylové sloučeniny metabolismus   toxicita   MeSH
• epigeneze genetická MeSH
• fenoly metabolismus   toxicita   MeSH
• fertilita účinky léků   MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• IVM techniky MeSH
• kojená zvířata MeSH
• laktace metabolismus   MeSH
• matka - expozice noxám MeSH
• mléko metabolismus   MeSH
• myši inbrední ICR MeSH
• oocyty účinky léků   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• ovariální rezerva účinky léků   MeSH
• ovarium účinky léků   metabolismus   patofyziologie   MeSH
• sulfony metabolismus   toxicita   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• vývojová regulace genové exprese MeSH
• ženská infertilita chemicky indukované   metabolismus   patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Ovarian follicle steroidogenesis associated with embryo quality results in a successful pregnancy. Each follicle consists of an oocyte surrounded by granulosa cells, which secrete several steroid and peptide hormones. Follicles harvested from women who conceived after assisted reproductive therapy (ART) had significantly higher estradiol levels in follicular fluids than the follicles from women who failed to conceive after ART. The higher follicular estradiol levels correlate well with successful fertilization following ART. Mitochondria are the central sites for steroid hormone biosynthesis. The first and rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of steroid hormones occurs in the mitochondria of granulosa cells. In the present study, we hypothesized that the mitochondria in granulosa cells are critical for maintaining oocyte quality and fertility capacity. This study aims to clarify the relationship between mitochondrial function and granulosa cell steroidogenesis, and the relationship between hormone levels and fertility capacity. Sera, follicular fluids and granulosa cells were obtained from individuals undergoing IVF-ET treatment. The oocyte numbers, oocyte quality, fertilization rate, and pregnancy rate were also recorded. The patients who provided the granulosa cells were further classified into four groups: endometriosis, ovarian endometrioma, endometriosis without ovarian endometrioma, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS); patients with other female factor infertility and male factor infertility were used as controls. We measured the levels of estradiol (E2) by radioimmunoassay. Concurrently, we analyzed the mitochondrial mass and membrane potential, and apoptosis by flow cytometry using nonyl acridine orange, TMRE, Annexin V-FITC and PI. Mitochondrial morphology was visualized by transfection with pLV-mitoDsRed. In addition, we assessed the protein levels of steroidogenic enzymes, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) by Western blot. The results showed significantly decreased serum E2 and follicular E2 levels, and decreased IVF outcomes, in the patients with endometriosis. Reduced mitochondrial mass and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential were correlated with lower E2. Furthermore, a significant decrease in StAR and 3β-HSD was found in patients with ovarian endometrioma. The enzyme levels of StAR and 3β-HSD were highly correlated with E2 levels. Finally, elevated cumulus cell apoptosis was found in the patient group with ovarian endometrioma and PCOS. In conclusion, mitochondrial dysfunction of human granulosa cells may contribute to the decline of steroidogenesis, decreased fertilization rate, oocyte maturation rate, and oocyte quality, and it can ultimately jeopardize fertility.

• MeSH
• apoptóza MeSH
• biologické modely MeSH
• cysty patologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• endometrióza krev   komplikace   patologie   MeSH
• estradiol krev   MeSH
• fertilita * MeSH
• fertilizace in vitro MeSH
• folikulární buňky metabolismus   MeSH
• folikulární tekutina metabolismus   MeSH
• kumulární buňky metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mitochondrie metabolismus   MeSH
• oocyty metabolismus   MeSH
• progesteron krev   MeSH
• steroidy biosyntéza   MeSH
• syndrom polycystických ovarií krev   komplikace   patologie   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• výsledek těhotenství MeSH
• ženská infertilita krev   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To study the contribution of hormonal cytology in contemporary disturbances of fertility. DESIGN: Over a 10-year period (2006-2015), 6,688 vaginal fornix cytologies of 2,350 patients were investigated. For a more detailed analysis, a 3-year period from 2013 to 2015 was chosen. Four hundred and fifty-two patients were investigated, many of them several times and for a period longer than the 3 years analyzed. RESULTS: The main disorders examined and treated via a gentle hormonal medication support and life style corrections by a pediatric gynecologist were: pubertas praecox - thelarche praecox and early menarche; dysfunctional juvenile metrorrhagia; central and peripheral endocrine disorders; eating disorders - anorexia mentalis and bulimia; obesity; excessive sport activities; autoimmune disorders, and others. Normalization of the menstrual cycle was achieved while monitoring progress with a series of hormonal cytologies in a majority of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Hormonal cytology is a non-invasive and economical method, illustrating the direct effect of steroid on target cells. It contributes to reproductive health support by: (a) indicating the possible need and type of steroid therapy; (b) monitoring the normalization of cycle disturbances; (c) ruling out or indicating the need for more detailed steroid metabolism investigation. Thus, it represents a basic but valuable means of examination in child and adolescent gynecology.

• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• cytodiagnostika metody   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• estrogeny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• fertilita MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menstruační cyklus * účinky léků   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• Papanicolaouův test MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• progestiny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• reprodukční zdraví * MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• vagina účinky léků   patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• vaginální stěr MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• ženská infertilita diagnóza   farmakoterapie   etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

• MeSH
• akupunkturní dráhy MeSH
• akupunkturní terapie * metody   MeSH
• čchi MeSH
• cervikální hlen MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• infertilita * diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menstruační cyklus fyziologie   MeSH
• nemoci ledvin MeSH
• ovulace fyziologie   MeSH
• tradiční čínská medicína * metody   využití   MeSH
• ženská infertilita diagnóza   patologie   prevence a kontrola   terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

The aim of this study was to investigate differences in the relative distributions of subsets of natural killer (NK) cells, including immunoregulatory NK cells (CD56(+)CD16(-)), cytotoxic NK cells (CD56(+)CD16(+)), as well as total NK cells (CD56(+)CD3(-)), and NKT cells (CD56(+)CD3(+)) in peripheral blood and follicular fluid in subjects with successful or unsuccessful IVF treatment. The immunoregulatory NK cell population in follicular fluid of women who failed to achieve pregnancy after IVF treatment was significantly decreased compared to women who became pregnant after IVF. Conversely, the NKT cell population in the follicular fluid of women with unsuccessful treatment was significantly elevated compared with those with successful IVF. Understanding the changes in the distribution of NK and NKT cell populations in follicular fluid might serve as the basis for a more detailed study to determine whether NK cell parameters have prognostic value in guiding the selection of individual ova for use in IVF procedures.

• MeSH
• biologické markery metabolismus   MeSH
• buňky NK imunologie   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• CD antigeny biosyntéza   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fertilizace in vitro MeSH
• folikulární tekutina cytologie   imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• NKT buňky imunologie   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• počet buněk MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• průtoková cytometrie MeSH
• separace buněk MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• ženská infertilita krev   diagnóza   patologie   patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH

• MeSH
• genetické nemoci vrozené genetika   klasifikace   MeSH
• imunologické faktory klasifikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• luteální fáze MeSH
• samovolný potrat etiologie   genetika   patologie   MeSH
• uterus abnormality   krevní zásobení   patologie   MeSH
• ženská infertilita etiologie   genetika   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

Endometrióza je významným faktorem neplodnosti. Nové poznatky o úloze imunitního systému rozšířily znalosti o patogenezi poruch plodnosti podmíněných endometriózou. Možnost porovnání rozsahu a závažnosti endometriózy a výsledků léčby vyžaduje výstižnou klasifikaci. Laparoskopie je zlatým standardem diagnostiky endometriózy. Efektivní terapie neplodnosti podmíněné endometriózou využívá metod asistované reprodukce, chirurgické a medikamentózní léčby. Optimální léčba vyžaduje individuální přístup, dostatek zkušeností a adekvátně vybavené pracoviště.

Endometriosis is frequent disorder that can result in infertility. New findings on the possible role of immune system have given insight into the pathogenesis of endometriosis-associated infertility. Exact classification is important for comparison of treatment results. Laparoscopy is a golden standard for diagnosis. Assisted reproduction, medical and surgical treatment are used for effective treatment of endometriosis-associated infertility. Optimal treatment needs individual approach, experienced staff and properly equipped centre.

• Klíčová slova
• endometrióza, neplodnost, asistovaná reprodukce, endometriosis, infertility, assisted reproduction,
• MeSH
• asistovaná reprodukce MeSH
• endometrióza chirurgie   imunologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• imunitní systém MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženská infertilita diagnóza   etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

• MeSH
• asistovaná reprodukce metody   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ovariální hyperstimulační syndrom klasifikace   patologie   terapie   MeSH
• rizikové faktory analýza   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• ženská infertilita patologie   terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• databáze MeSH