Souhrn: Čisté testikulární teratomy jsou velice zřídkavými neseminomovými nádory ze zárodečných buněk (NSGCT – non-seminomatous germ cell tumor). Přestože mají omezenou chemosenzitivitu, je u pacientů s metastázami primárně doporučová na chemoterapie z důvodu možné přítomnosti jiné ho subtypu NSGCT v metastá zá ch, než je teratom. Cílem naší kazuistiky je odprezentovat pacienta s primárním postpubertálním teratomem a retroperitoneálními cystickými metastázami spolu s negativními sérovými nádorovými markery, což představuje mimořá dně vzácný klinický scénář. V takových případech je vysoce pravděpodobné , že cystické retroperitoneální metastázy budou tvořeny teratomem, proto je preferovanou lé čebnou strategií primá retroperitoneá lní lymfadenektomie před chemoterapií, která je u těchto nemocných neúčinná.

Pure testicular teratomas are exceptionally rare among nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT). Despite their limited chemosensitivity, upfront chemotherapy is recommended for metastatic patients due to the potential presence of another NSGCT subtype alongside teratoma in metastases. We present a case report of a patient with primary post-pubertal teratoma and retroperitoneal cystic metastases, along with negative serum tumor markers - an exceedingly rare clinical scenario. In such cases, cystic retroperitoneal metastases are highly likely to be formed by teratoma, making primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection a preferred option over chemotherapy, which would be ineffective in such a patient.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• germinální a embryonální nádory MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie metody   MeSH
• metastázy nádorů terapie   MeSH
• teratom * chirurgie   diagnóza   patologie   MeSH
• testikulární nádory chirurgie   diagnóza   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

Minimally invasive surgery is the method of choice in endometrial cancer. Experience in procedures assisted by a robotic system is growing rapidly. One of the new bipolar ones is a Vessel Sealer, with sealing and cutting function. The aim of the study was to compare robotic surgery assisted with the da Vinci X system with use of the Vessel Sealer or without it. The study included 25 patients with high-risk endometrial cancer after completed pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy with mean age 60.07 ± 10.67 (range 34.69-83.23) years divided into two groups: one with use of the Vessel Sealer; the second one only with monopolar scissors and subdivided by one-site versus dual docking. Duration of the operation was significantly associated with previous surgery (p < 0.005). Use of the Vessel Sealer was associated with lower blood loss during surgery (p < 0.05). The number of removal pelvic lymph nodes was higher in case of Vessel Sealer with no relation to BMI. Experience in robotic surgery allowed for shortened operation time and led to better outcomes. The Vessel Sealer used in robotic surgery appears to reduce blood loss during surgery and operation time, especially in the case of previous surgery, however, it increases costs of the procedure.

• MeSH
• délka operace MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• krvácení při operaci prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie * metody   MeSH
• nádory endometria * chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• roboticky asistované výkony * metody   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess whether the use of sentinel lymph node (SLN) in addition to lymphadenectomy was associated with survival benefit in patients with early-stage cervical cancer. METHODS: International, multicenter, retrospective study. INCLUSION CRITERIA: cervical cancer treated between 01/2007 and 12/2016 by surgery only; squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, FIGO 2009 stage IB1-IIA2, negative surgical margins, and laparotomy approach. Patients undergoing neo-adjuvant and/or adjuvant treatment and/or with positive para-aortic lymph nodes, were excluded. Women with positive pelvic nodes who refused adjuvant treatment, were included. Lymph node assessment was performed by SLN (with ultrastaging protocol) plus pelvic lymphadenectomy ('SLN' group) or pelvic lymphadenectomy alone ('non-SLN' group). RESULTS: 1083 patients were included: 300 (27.7 %) in SLN and 783 (72.3 %) in non-SLN group. 77 (7.1 %) patients had recurrence (N = 11, 3.7 % SLN versus N = 66, 8.4 % non-SLN, p = 0.005) and 34 (3.1 %) (N = 4, 1.3 % SLN versus N = 30, 3.8 % non-SLN, p = 0.033) died. SLN group had better 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) (96.0 %,95 %CI:93.5-98.5 versus 92.0 %,95 %CI:90.0-94.0; p = 0.024). No 5-year overall survival (OS) difference was shown (98.4 %,95 %CI:96.8-99.9 versus 96.8 %,95 %CI:95.4-98.2; p = 0.160). SLN biopsy and lower stage were independent factors associated with improved DFS (HR:0.505,95 %CI:0.266-0.959, p = 0.037 and HR:2.703,95 %CI:1.389-5.261, p = 0.003, respectively). Incidence of pelvic central recurrences was higher in the non-SLN group (1.7 % versus 4.5 %, p = 0.039). CONCLUSION: Adding SLN biopsy to pelvic lymphadenectomy was associated with lower recurrence and death rate and improved 5-year DFS. This might be explained by the lower rate of missed nodal metastasis thanks to the use of SLN ultrastaging. SLN biopsy should be recommended in patients with early-stage cervical cancer.

• MeSH
• biopsie sentinelové lymfatické uzliny metody   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie * metody   MeSH
• lymfatické metastázy MeSH
• nádory děložního čípku * patologie   chirurgie   mortalita   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sentinelová uzlina * patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• spinocelulární karcinom chirurgie   patologie   mortalita   MeSH
• staging nádorů MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH

CONTEXT: Symptomatic lymphocele (sLC) occurs at a frequency of 2-10% after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) with pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND). Construction of bilateral peritoneal interposition flaps (PIFs) subsequent to completion of RARP + PLND has been introduced to reduce the risk of lymphocele, and was initially evaluated on the basis of retrospective studies. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the impact of PIF on the rate of sLC (primary endpoint) and of overall lymphocele (oLC) and Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3 complications (secondary endpoints) to provide the best available evidence. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Meta-Analyses statement for observational studies in epidemiology, a systematic literature search using the MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and EMBASE databases up to February 3, 2023 was performed to identify RCTs. The risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using the revised Cochrane RoB tool for randomized trials. Meta-analysis used random-effect models to examine the impact of PIF on the primary and secondary endpoints. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Four RCTs comparing outcomes for patients undergoing RARP + PLND with or without PIF were identified: PIANOFORTE, PerFix, ProLy, and PLUS. PIF was associated with odds ratios of 0.46 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23-0.93) for sLC, 0.51 (95% CI 0.38-0.68) for oLC, and 0.41 (95% CI 0.21-0.83) for Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3 complications. Functional impairment resulting from PIF construction was not observed. Heterogeneity was low to moderate, and RoB was low. CONCLUSIONS: PIF should be performed in patients undergoing RARP and simultaneous PLND to prevent or reduce postoperative sLC. PATIENT SUMMARY: A significant proportion of patients undergoing prostate cancer surgery have regional lymph nodes removed. This part of the surgery is associated with a risk of postoperative lymph collections (lymphocele). The risk of lymphocele can be halved via a complication-free surgical modification called a peritoneal interposition flap.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• lymfokela * epidemiologie   etiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• nádory prostaty * patologie   MeSH
• prostatektomie škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
• robotika * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

Úvod: Karcinom plic je závažným zdravotním problémem s vysokou mírou úmrtnosti. V kontextu chirurgických řešení přinášejí minimálně invazivní přístupy včetně uniportální torakoskopické techniky potenciální výhody, jako je rychlejší rekonvalescence a zvýšená spolupráce pacientů. Cílem studie bylo porovnat dosažitelnost mediastinálních lymfatických uzlin mezi uniportálním a multiportálním torakoskopickým přístupem a ověřit, zda použití uniportálního přístupu nemá vliv na radikalitu provedené lymfadenektomie. Metody: Srovnávací studie provedená v období od ledna 2015 do července 2022 ve Fakultní nemocnici Ostrava porovnává radikalitu mediastinální lymfadenektomie mezi pacienty operovanými uniportálním torakoskopickým přístupem a těmi, kteří byli operováni multiportálním torakoskopickým přístupem. Výsledky: Do studie bylo zařazeno celkem 278 pacientů. Nebyly zjištěny žádné významné rozdíly v počtu dostupných lymfatických stanic mezi podskupinami. Průměrný počet odstraněných lymfatických uzlinových stanic byl 6,46 v levém hemithoraxu a 6,50 v pravém hemithoraxu. Třicetidenní pooperační morbidita pro celou populaci pacientů byla 24,5 %, přičemž u 18,3 % se vyskytly mírné komplikace a u 3,6 % závažné komplikace. Celková míra úmrtnosti ve studovaném souboru byla 2,5 %, se statisticky významným rozdílem v úmrtnosti mezi uniportálním a multiportálním přístupem (1,0 % vs. 6,4 %, p=0,020). Závěr: Uniportální přístup prokázal srovnatelnou dostupnost a výtěžnost lymfatických uzlin jako multiportální. Mezi přístupy není rozdíl ani v pooperační morbiditě. Studie naznačuje možnost nižší mortality po uniportální resekci plic ve srovnání s multiportální resekcí plic, k tomuto závěru je ale nutno přistoupit velice zdrženlivě.

Introduction: Lung cancer is a serious health problem with a high mortality rate. In the context of surgical management, minimally invasive approaches, including uniportal thoracoscopic techniques, offer potential benefits such as faster recovery and increased patient cooperation. The aim of this study was to compare the accessibility of the mediastinal lymph nodes between uniportal and multiportal thoracoscopic approaches and to verify whether the use of the uniportal approach affects the radicality of the lymphadenectomy. Methods: A comparative study conducted from January 2015 to July 2022 at the University Hospital Ostrava focused on evaluating the radicality of mediastinal lymphadenectomy between subgroups of patients undergoing surgery using the uniportal thoracoscopic approach and the multiportal thoracoscopic approach. Results: A total of 278 patients were included in the study. There were no significant differences in the number of available lymphatic stations between the subgroups. The mean number of lymph node stations removed was 6.46 in the left hemithorax and 6.50 in the right hemithorax. Thirty-day postoperative morbidity for the entire patient population was 24.5%, with 18.3% having minor complications and 3.6% having major complications. The overall mortality rate in the study population was 2.5%, with a statistically significant difference in mortality between uniportal and multiportal approaches (1.0% vs 6.4%, p=0.020). Conclusions: The uniportal approach demonstrated comparable accessibility and lymph node yield to the multiportal approach. There was also no difference in postoperative morbidity between the two approaches. The study suggests the possibility of lower mortality after uniportal lung resection compared with multiportal lung resection, but this conclusion should be interpreted with caution.

• MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie * metody   mortalita   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• mediastinum chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• miniinvazivní chirurgické výkony * metody   mortalita   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• nádory plic chirurgie   MeSH
• pneumektomie metody   mortalita   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• torakoskopie metody   mortalita   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to establish a consensus on the surgical technique for sentinel lymph node (SLN) dissection in cervical cancer. METHODS: A 26 question survey was emailed to international expert gynecological oncology surgeons. A two-step modified Delphi method was used to establish consensus. After a first round of online survey, the questions were amended and a second round, along with semistructured interviews was performed. Consensus was defined using a 70% cut-off for agreement. RESULTS: Twenty-five of 38 (65.8%) experts responded to the first and second rounds of the online survey. Agreement ≥70% was reached for 13 (50.0%) questions in the first round and for 15 (57.7%) in the final round. Consensus agreement identified 15 recommended, three optional, and five not recommended steps. Experts agreed on the following recommended procedures: use of indocyanine green as a tracer; superficial (with or without deep) injection at 3 and 9 o'clock; injection at the margins of uninvolved mucosa avoiding vaginal fornices; grasping the cervix with forceps only in part of the cervix is free of tumor; use of a minimally invasive approach for SLN biopsy in the case of simple trachelectomy/conization; identification of the ureter, obliterated umbilical artery, and external iliac vessels before SLN excision; commencing the dissection at the level of the uterine artery and continuing laterally; and completing dissection in one hemi-pelvis before proceeding to the contralateral side. Consensus was also reached in recommending against injection at 6 and 12 o'clock, and injection directly into the tumor in cases of the tumor completely replacing the cervix; against removal of nodes through port without protective maneuvers; absence of an ultrastaging protocol; and against modifying tracer concentration at the time of re-injection after mapping failure. CONCLUSION: Recommended, optional, and not recommended steps of SLN dissection in cervical cancer have been identified based on consensus among international experts. These represent a surgical guide that may be used by surgeons in clinical trials and for quality assurance in routine practice.

• MeSH
• biopsie sentinelové lymfatické uzliny metody   MeSH
• indokyanová zeleň MeSH
• konsensus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie metody   MeSH
• lymfatické metastázy patologie   MeSH
• lymfatické uzliny patologie   MeSH
• nádory děložního čípku * chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Okultní karcinom je vzácný a bývá diagnostikován náhodně po prosté hysterektomii. Při histologickém vyšetření je obyvkle zjištěno FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stadium I, vzácně vyšší s negativními předoperačními diagnostickými testy, jako je např. Pap stěr. Popisovaný klinický případ je vzácným případem karcinomu děložního čípku diagnostikovaného v dobe hysterektomie s negativnim exo-endocervikálním Pap stěrem a diagnostickými testy jako je transvaginální ultrazvuk, magnetická rezonance břicha a výpočetní tomografie břicha při diagnóze degenerujícího myomu nebo suspektného karcinomu. Na operačním sále došlo ke změně radikality chirurgického zákroku a operace byla dokončena při odstranění obvyklých prvků a cervikálního prstence a provedení oboustranné pánevní lymfadenektomie. Finální histologické vyšetření indikovalo FIGO stadium III, pro které pacientka podstoupila radioterapii a chemotherapii.

Occult cervical cancer is rare and is diagnosed incidentally after a simple hysterectomy. The staging upon histological examination is usually International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I, rarely higher with negative preoperative diagnostic tests such as a Pap smear. The clinical case in question is a rare case of cervical carcinoma diagnosed at the time of hysterectomy with a negative exo-endocervical Pap smear, diagnostic tests including transvaginal ultrasound, abdominal magnetic resonance imaging and abdominal computed tomography with a diagnosis of degenerating myoma or suspected sarcoma. In the operating theatre, the surgical radicality was modified and the operation was completed with removal of the parameters, vaginal collar and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. The final histological examination indicated FIGO stage III, for which the patient underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

• Klíčová slova
• klasifikace FIGO,
• MeSH
• diagnostické zobrazování metody   MeSH
• hysterektomie * metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie metody   MeSH
• nádory děložního čípku * diagnostické zobrazování   diagnóza   patologie   MeSH
• náhodný nález MeSH
• Papanicolaouův test metody   MeSH
• skvamocelulární nádory diagnóza   klasifikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

To evaluate the oncological outcomes and safety of primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in patients with clinical stage (CS) II seminomatous testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT). A literature search using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library was conducted on July 2023 to identify relevant studies according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The pooled recurrence rate and treatment-related complications were calculated using a random effects model. Overall 8 studies published between 1997 and 2023 including a total of 355 patients were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis with the overall median follow-up of 38 months. The overall and infield recurrence rate were 0.14 (95% CI: 0.08-0.22) and 0.04 (95% CI: 0.00-0.11), respectively. The overall pooled rate of ≥ Clavien Dindo grade III complications was 0.04 (95% CI: 0.01-0.10); there was no significant heterogeneity (I^2 = 35.10%, P = 0.19). Antegrade ejaculation was preserved with the overall pooled rate of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.95-1.00); there was no significant heterogeneity on Chi-square and I2 tests (I^2 = 0.00%, P = 0.58). Primary RPLND is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with CS II seminomatous TGCT resulting highly promising cure rates combined with low treatment-associated adverse events, at medium-term follow-up. However, owing to the lack of comparative studies to the current standard of care and the limited follow-up, individual decision must be made with the informed patient in a shared decision process together with a multidisciplinary team.

• MeSH
• germinální a embryonální nádory * chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• retroperitoneální prostor patologie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• seminom * patologie   MeSH
• staging nádorů MeSH
• testikulární nádory * patologie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

• MeSH
• biopsie sentinelové lymfatické uzliny * metody   MeSH
• klinická studie jako téma MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie metody   MeSH
• nádory děložního čípku * chirurgie   diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• novinové články MeSH

PURPOSE: Treatment options for the management of upper tract urothelial cancer are based on accurate staging. However, the performance of conventional cross-sectional imaging for clinical lymph node staging (N-staging) remains poorly investigated. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of conventional cross-sectional imaging for upper tract urothelial cancer N-staging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a multicenter, retrospective, observational study. We included 865 nonmetastatic (M0) upper tract urothelial cancer patients treated with curative intended surgery and lymph node dissection who had been staged with conventional cross-sectional imaging before surgery. We compared clinical (c) and pathological (p) N-staging results to evaluate the concordance of node-positive (N+) and node-negative (N0) disease and calculate cN-staging's diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS: Conventional cross-sectional imaging categorized 750 patients cN0 and 115 cN+. Lymph node dissection categorized 641 patients pN0 and 224 pN+. The cN-stage was pathologically downstaged in 6.8% of patients, upstaged in 19%, and found concordant in 74%. The sensitivity and specificity of cN-staging were 25% (95% CI 20; 31) and 91% (95% CI 88; 93). Positive and negative likelihood ratios were 2.7 (95% CI 2.0; 3.8) and 0.83 (95% CI 0.76; 0.89). The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (0.58, 95% CI 0.55; 0.61) revealed low diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: Conventional cross-sectional imaging had low sensitivity in detecting upper tract urothelial cancer pN+ disease. However, cN+ increased the likelihood of pN+ by almost threefold. Thus, conventional cross-sectional imaging is a rule-in but not a rule-out test. Lymph node dissection should remain the standard during extirpative upper tract urothelial cancer surgery to obtain accurate N-staging. cN+ could be a strong argument for early systemic treatment.

• MeSH
• karcinom z přechodných buněk * diagnóza   chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie metody   MeSH
• lymfatické uzliny diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• nádory močového měchýře * chirurgie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• staging nádorů MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH