Knee cartilage and meniscus are living tissue, but have limited opportunities for growth and renewal. If they are not burdened for long time, there is a breach of metabolism in the deeper tissues. Many negative changes may be substantially eliminated by periodic various activities. Appropriate load (alternating medium intensity) stimulates the growth of cartilage and muscle and thus prevents them from wasting. When loads are occurring, with elastic deformation of cartilage synovial fluid is extruded from the matrix into the articular capsule slot and the density of the matrix grows. With removing load synovial fluid flows back into the cartilage. Given the intracharacteristics of the knee (spatial insufficiency) display changes directly inside the meniscus and cartilage is problematic. Detection and modeling of mechanical response of tissue structures to external mechanical loading is possible using non-invasive imaging methods. Fairly accurate representation with wide application in patients provides magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI use is overwhelmingly performed in supine without burdening the limbs, which can lead to some extent misleading information, even though the unloaded cartilage is exposed to pressure induced by muscle tone. From the point of evaluating changes in knee cartilage to various long-lasting stress following publications are subject to literary critival review. The findings in this paper are obtained mainly on the study of avaliable literature. The authors use to evaluate changes different parameter setting of MRI and thus try to get the most detailed information about the observed structures in various specific types of loads.

Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Charles University Prague

Detektování tloušťky a objemových změn kolenních chrupavek ve femoro-tibiálním skloubení v různých zátěžových režimech prostřednictvím MRI

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