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Melatonin and breast cancer: Evidences from preclinical and human studies

P. Kubatka, P. Zubor, D. Busselberg, TK. Kwon, M. Adamek, D. Petrovic, R. Opatrilova, K. Gazdikova, M. Caprnda, L. Rodrigo, J. Danko, P. Kruzliak,

. 2018 ; 122 (-) : 133-143. [pub] 20171229

Language English Country Netherlands

Document type Journal Article, Review

Persistent link   https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc18024352

The breast cancer affects women with high mortality and morbidity worldwide. The risk is highest in the most developed world but also is markedly rising in the developing countries. It is well documented that melatonin has a significant anti-tumor activities demonstrated on various cancer types in a plethora of preclinical studies. In breast cancer, melatonin is capable to disrupt estrogen-dependent cell signaling, resulting in a reduction of estrogen-stimulated cells, moreover, it's obvious neuro-immunomodulatory effect in organism was described. Several prospective studies have demonstrated the inverse correlation between melatonin metabolites and the risk of breast cancer. This correlation was confirmed by observational studies that found lower melatonin levels in breast cancer patients. Moreover, clinical studies have showed that circadian disruption of melatonin synthesis, specifically night shift work, is linked to increased breast cancer risk. In this regard, proper light/dark exposure with more selective use of light at night along with oral supplementation of melatonin may have benefits for high-risk women. The results of current preclinical studies, the mechanism of action, and clinical efficacy of melatonin in breast cancer are reviewed in this paper. Melatonin alone or in combined administration seems to be appropriate drug for the treatment of early stages of breast cancer with documented low toxicity over a wide range of doses. These and other issues are also discussed.

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$a Kubatka, Peter $u Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic; Department of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic. Electronic address: kubatka@jfmed.uniba.sk.
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$a The breast cancer affects women with high mortality and morbidity worldwide. The risk is highest in the most developed world but also is markedly rising in the developing countries. It is well documented that melatonin has a significant anti-tumor activities demonstrated on various cancer types in a plethora of preclinical studies. In breast cancer, melatonin is capable to disrupt estrogen-dependent cell signaling, resulting in a reduction of estrogen-stimulated cells, moreover, it's obvious neuro-immunomodulatory effect in organism was described. Several prospective studies have demonstrated the inverse correlation between melatonin metabolites and the risk of breast cancer. This correlation was confirmed by observational studies that found lower melatonin levels in breast cancer patients. Moreover, clinical studies have showed that circadian disruption of melatonin synthesis, specifically night shift work, is linked to increased breast cancer risk. In this regard, proper light/dark exposure with more selective use of light at night along with oral supplementation of melatonin may have benefits for high-risk women. The results of current preclinical studies, the mechanism of action, and clinical efficacy of melatonin in breast cancer are reviewed in this paper. Melatonin alone or in combined administration seems to be appropriate drug for the treatment of early stages of breast cancer with documented low toxicity over a wide range of doses. These and other issues are also discussed.
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$a Busselberg, Dietrich $u Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Qatar Foundation - Education City, Doha, Qatar.
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$a Kwon, Taeg Kyu $u Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea.
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$a Adamek, Mariusz $u Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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$a Petrovic, Daniel $u Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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$a Opatrilova, Radka $u Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
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$a Gazdikova, Katarina $u Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nursing and Professional Health Studies, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Electronic address: katarina.gazdikova@szu.sk.
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$a Caprnda, Martin $u 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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$a Danko, Jan $u Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic.
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$a Kruzliak, Peter $u Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: kruzliakp@vfu.cz.
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