Melatonín je evolučne vysoko konzervovaný indolamín so širokou škálou biologických funkcií. Jeho dominantnou úlohou je chronobiologická regulácia cyklu spánku a bdenia, pričom jeho sedatívny účinok sa s úspechom využíva v manažmente primárnych porúch spánku. Melatonín je však aj vysokopotentný antioxidant a na viacerých úrovniach riadenia funkcií imunitného systému pôsobí imunoregulačne. Korešpondujúcim je aj zistenie, že abnormality funkcie melatoninergného systému sú implikované aj v samotnej etiopatogenéze atopickej dermatitídy. Na základe súčasných zistení o multimodálnom pôsobení centrálneho a periferného melatoninergného systému je plauzibilné predpokladať efektivitu exogénnej suplemetácie melatonínu v manažmente porúch spánku asociovaných s AD. Účinok suplementácie melatonínu bol opísaný konzistentne naprieč viacerými štúdiami. Latencia zaspávania bola skrátená, melatonín významne ovplyvnil aktivitu ochorenia hodnotenú podľa Scoring Atopic Dermatitis Index a pozorované bolo aj zníženie sérových hladín IgE. V porovnaní so súčasne využívanými antihistaminikami má melatonín výhodnejší bezpečnostný profil, pozitívne ovplyvňuje aktivitu ochorenia, nepôsobí adiktívne a neindukuje navodenie tolerancie. Práve kvôli týmto vlastnostiam je melatonín sľubnou alternatívou v manažmente porúch spánku asociovaných s atopickou dermatitídou.
Melatonin is an evolutionarily conserved indolamine with a wide range of biological functions. Its dominant role is the chronobiological regulation of the sleep-wake cycle, while its sedative effect is successfully used in the management of primary sleep disorders. However, melatonin is also a powerful antioxidant and it acts as an immunoregulatory molecule at several levels of immune system. Sleep disorders play an important role in the context of reduced quality of life associated with skin disease. Based on the current findings on the multimodal action of the central and peripheral melatoninergic system, it is plausible to assume the efficacy of exogenous melatonin supplementation in the management of sleep disorders associated with atopic dermatitis. The effect of melatonin supplementation has been described consistently across several studies. Sleep latency was shortened, melatonin significantly affected the disease activity as assessed by the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis Index, and a decrease in serum IgE levels was also observed. Compared to the currently used antihistamines, melatonin has a more favorable safety profile, it exerts a positive effect on the disease activity, it has no addictive potential, and does not induce tolerance. It is because of these properties that melatonin is a promising alternative in the management of sleep disorders associated with atopic dermatitis.
- MeSH
- Dermatitis, Atopic * immunology complications MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Melatonin * administration & dosage physiology therapeutic use MeSH
- Sleep Wake Disorders etiology drug therapy MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
The mechanism of reentrant ventricular tachyarrhythmias complicating acute myocardial ischemia is largely based on the interaction between an arrhythmogenic substrate and triggers. Melatonin was proposed as an antiarrhythmic medication and was shown to ameliorate the arrhythmogenic substrate. Also, melatonin provides a sympatholytic effect in different settings and might attenuate ectopic activity, which provides reentry triggers. In the present study, we aimed at evaluating the melatonin effects on cardiac sympathetic activity and the incidence of premature ventricular beats during the episode of ischemia-reperfusion. Experiments were done in a total of 26 control and 28 melatonin-treated (10 mg/kg, daily, for 7 days) male rats. Sympathetic fibers density was assessed by glyoxylic acid-induced fluorescence. Continuous electrocardiograms recording was performed during ischemia-reperfusion episodes (5 min/5 min, respectively) induced by reversible coronary occlusion. Myocardial expression of tyrosine hydroxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme of catecholamine biosynthesis was assessed by Western blotting. No differences in the state of sympathetic innervation were observed in histochemical analysis. However, Western blotting analysis demonstrated that melatonin treatment suppressed tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the non-ischemic (p < 0.05 versus control) but not ischemic regions of myocardium. The melatonin-treated animals had longer RR-intervals in the baseline state than the control animals (264 ± 48 ms versus 237 ± 33 ms, p = 0.044, respectively), but this difference decayed during the period of ischemia due to the increase of heart rate in the treated group. The number of premature ventricular beats did not differ between the control and treated groups during the ischemic and reperfusion periods. One-week melatonin pretreatment caused a slight peripheral sympatholytic effect that attenuated during ischemia and completely disappeared by the onset of reperfusion. The slight expression of sympathetic downregulation was associated with the lack of any effect of melatonin on extrasystolic burden. Collectively, the data suggest that melatonin cannot target the triggers of reentrant arrhythmias.
- MeSH
- Anti-Arrhythmia Agents administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Electrocardiography MeSH
- Myocardial Ischemia drug therapy physiopathology MeSH
- Tachycardia, Ventricular etiology prevention & control MeSH
- Rats MeSH
- Melatonin administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Disease Models, Animal MeSH
- Rats, Wistar MeSH
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury drug therapy physiopathology MeSH
- Heart Rate drug effects MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rats MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- MeSH
- Cholinesterase Inhibitors therapeutic use MeSH
- Lewy Body Disease drug therapy pathology MeSH
- Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
- Clonazepam administration & dosage adverse effects MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Melatonin administration & dosage MeSH
- REM Sleep Behavior Disorder * diagnosis etiology drug therapy pathology MeSH
- Disease Progression MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
- Review MeSH
The breast cancer affects women with high mortality and morbidity worldwide. The risk is highest in the most developed world but also is markedly rising in the developing countries. It is well documented that melatonin has a significant anti-tumor activities demonstrated on various cancer types in a plethora of preclinical studies. In breast cancer, melatonin is capable to disrupt estrogen-dependent cell signaling, resulting in a reduction of estrogen-stimulated cells, moreover, it's obvious neuro-immunomodulatory effect in organism was described. Several prospective studies have demonstrated the inverse correlation between melatonin metabolites and the risk of breast cancer. This correlation was confirmed by observational studies that found lower melatonin levels in breast cancer patients. Moreover, clinical studies have showed that circadian disruption of melatonin synthesis, specifically night shift work, is linked to increased breast cancer risk. In this regard, proper light/dark exposure with more selective use of light at night along with oral supplementation of melatonin may have benefits for high-risk women. The results of current preclinical studies, the mechanism of action, and clinical efficacy of melatonin in breast cancer are reviewed in this paper. Melatonin alone or in combined administration seems to be appropriate drug for the treatment of early stages of breast cancer with documented low toxicity over a wide range of doses. These and other issues are also discussed.
Background/objective.Chronic pain, sleep disturbances and oxidative stress are implicated in the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of melatonin supplementations on sleep quality, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6-s) levels, as well as urinary and serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in patients with fibromyalgia. Methods. Thirty three patients carried out the full study. A baseline period (10 days) was included in the experimental design to collect information about patients' initial status. Then, patients took different doses of melatonin, during 10 consecutive days each. Placebo was given during 10 days either before or between melatonin doses. Objective sleep quality was recorded by actigraphy whereas subjective sleep quality was measured by The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Quantification of aMT6-s and TAC was achieved by ELISA and colorimetric assay kits, respectively. Results. Six out of seven sleep parameters evaluated by actigraphy were improved after the intake of melatonin as well as the subjective sleep quality. All the biochemical parameters measured were also elevated after the melatonin administration. Conclusion The daily intake of melatonin improved the sleep quality, increased the aMT6-s levels and the total antioxidant capacity in patients with fibromyalgia.
- Keywords
- 6-sulfatoxymelatonin,
- MeSH
- Actigraphy MeSH
- Antioxidants MeSH
- Biomarkers blood urine MeSH
- Pain drug therapy MeSH
- Fibromyalgia * drug therapy physiopathology pathology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Melatonin * analogs & derivatives administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Sleep Wake Disorders MeSH
- Sleep * drug effects MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- MeSH
- 5-Hydroxytryptophan administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Antipsychotic Agents administration & dosage pharmacology adverse effects MeSH
- Benzodiazepines administration & dosage pharmacology adverse effects MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Ferritins administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Gabapentin administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Infant MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Melatonin administration & dosage MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders * diagnosis etiology complications MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Sleep Hygiene classification drug effects MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Infant MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Angiotensin II (Ang II) and Arginin-Vasopressin (AVP) on contractility of non-pregnant uterus in diabetic Wistar rats and to explore whether one-week administration of Melatonin (MLT) or Ghrelin (GHR) will change the response of diabetic uterine muscle to AngII and AVP. Uterine horns, prepared by the method of isolated tissues were investigated as well as glycemic profile, blood pressure and body weight. The research of smooth muscle contractions was made by a new method of analysis, characterizing in detail the various phases of the myometrial activity. Differences in the development of the peptide-mediated smooth muscle contractions depending on the phase of the estrous cycle were observed. Experimental diabetes had a pronounced negative effect on force and time-parameters of AngII and AVP-stimulated uterine contractions. Administration of GHR or MLT had a beneficial effect on the glycemic status of diabetic rats and partially improved the response of uterine preparations to the peptides. The application of MLT increased both force and time-parameters of Ang II-and AVP-stimulated uterine contractions while treatment with GHR increased power characteristics and shortened contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle process.
- MeSH
- Angiotensin II pharmacology MeSH
- Uterine Contraction drug effects physiology MeSH
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental drug therapy metabolism MeSH
- Ghrelin administration & dosage MeSH
- Rats MeSH
- Melatonin administration & dosage MeSH
- Rats, Wistar MeSH
- Drug Administration Schedule MeSH
- Vasopressins pharmacology MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rats MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Lactacystin is a proteasome inhibitor that interferes with several factors involved in heart remodelling. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the chronic administration of lactacystin induces hypertension and heart remodelling and whether these changes can be modified by captopril or melatonin. In addition, the lactacystin-model was compared with NG-nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME)- and continuous light-induced hypertension. Six groups of three-month-old male Wistar rats (11 per group) were treated for six weeks as follows: control (vehicle), L-NAME (40 mg/kg/day), continuous light (24 h/day), lactacystin (5 mg/kg/day) alone, and lactacystin with captopril (100 mg/kg/day), or melatonin (10 mg/kg/day). Lactacystin treatment increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) and induced fibrosis of the left ventricle (LV), as observed in L-NAME-hypertension and continuous light-hypertension. LV weight and the cross-sectional area of the aorta were increased only in L-NAME-induced hypertension. The level of oxidative load was preserved or reduced in all three models of hypertension. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in the LV and kidney was unchanged in the lactacystin group. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) protein expression in the LV was increased in all treated groups in the cytoplasm, however, in neither group in the nucleus. Although melatonin had no effect on SBP, only this indolamine (but not captopril) reduced the concentration of insoluble and total collagen in the LV and stimulated the NO-pathway in the lactacystin group. We conclude that chronic administration of lactacystin represents a novel model of hypertension with collagenous rebuilding of the LV, convenient for testing antihypertensive drugs or agents exerting a cardiovascular benefit beyond blood pressure reduction.
- MeSH
- Acetylcysteine adverse effects analogs & derivatives MeSH
- Antihypertensive Agents administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Fibrosis MeSH
- Hypertension chemically induced drug therapy etiology MeSH
- Captopril administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Rats MeSH
- Melatonin administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Disease Models, Animal MeSH
- NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester adverse effects MeSH
- Rats, Wistar MeSH
- Ventricular Remodeling drug effects MeSH
- Heart Ventricles drug effects pathology MeSH
- Light adverse effects MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rats MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
- MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Melatonin administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders * etiology drug therapy MeSH
- Dietary Supplements * MeSH
- Sleep physiology MeSH
- Tryptophan administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Popular Work MeSH
- Keywords
- Guna-Melatonin, fyziologická regulační medicína,
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Dyssomnias drug therapy MeSH
- Complementary Therapies * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Melatonin administration & dosage physiology deficiency MeSH
- Sleep Wake Disorders * drug therapy MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
