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Similarity of introduced plant species to native ones facilitates naturalization, but differences enhance invasion success

J. Divíšek, M. Chytrý, B. Beckage, NJ. Gotelli, Z. Lososová, P. Pyšek, DM. Richardson, J. Molofsky,

. 2018 ; 9 (1) : 4631. [pub] 20181106

Language English Country England, Great Britain

Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Persistent link   https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc19028108

The search for traits associated with plant invasiveness has yielded contradictory results, in part because most previous studies have failed to recognize that different traits are important at different stages along the introduction-naturalization-invasion continuum. Here we show that across six different habitat types in temperate Central Europe, naturalized non-invasive species are functionally similar to native species occurring in the same habitat type, but invasive species are different as they occupy the edge of the plant functional trait space represented in each habitat. This pattern was driven mainly by the greater average height of invasive species. These results suggest that the primary determinant of successful establishment of alien species in resident plant communities is environmental filtering, which is expressed in similar trait distributions. However, to become invasive, established alien species need to be different enough to occupy novel niche space, i.e. the edge of trait space.

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$a The search for traits associated with plant invasiveness has yielded contradictory results, in part because most previous studies have failed to recognize that different traits are important at different stages along the introduction-naturalization-invasion continuum. Here we show that across six different habitat types in temperate Central Europe, naturalized non-invasive species are functionally similar to native species occurring in the same habitat type, but invasive species are different as they occupy the edge of the plant functional trait space represented in each habitat. This pattern was driven mainly by the greater average height of invasive species. These results suggest that the primary determinant of successful establishment of alien species in resident plant communities is environmental filtering, which is expressed in similar trait distributions. However, to become invasive, established alien species need to be different enough to occupy novel niche space, i.e. the edge of trait space.
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$a Chytrý, Milan $u Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic.
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$a Beckage, Brian $u Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
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$a Gotelli, Nicholas J $u Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
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$a Lososová, Zdeňka $u Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic.
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$a Pyšek, Petr $u Department of Invasion Ecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic. Faculty of Science, Department of Ecology, Charles University, 128 43, Praha 2, Czech Republic.
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$a Richardson, David M $u Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
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$a Molofsky, Jane $u Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA. Jane.Molofsky@uvm.edu.
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