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Engineered in situ biogeochemical transformation as a secondary treatment following ISCO - A field test
J. Němeček, M. Nechanická, R. Špánek, F. Eichler, J. Zeman, M. Černík,
Language English Country Great Britain
Document type Journal Article
- MeSH
- Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis metabolism MeSH
- Chlorine metabolism MeSH
- Chloroflexi metabolism MeSH
- Water Purification methods MeSH
- Desulfitobacterium metabolism MeSH
- Ethylenes metabolism MeSH
- Halogenation MeSH
- Oxidation-Reduction MeSH
- Peptococcaceae metabolism MeSH
- Groundwater analysis chemistry microbiology MeSH
- Environmental Restoration and Remediation methods MeSH
- Solvents metabolism MeSH
- Sulfates metabolism MeSH
- Sodium Compounds MeSH
- Tetrachloroethylene analysis metabolism MeSH
- Trichloroethylene analysis metabolism MeSH
- Iron metabolism MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
ISCO using activated sodium persulphate is a widely used technology for treating chlorinated solvent source zones. In sensitive areas, however, high groundwater sulphate concentrations following treatment may be a drawback. In situ biogeochemical transformation, a technology that degrades contaminants via reduced iron minerals formed by microbial activity, offers a potential solution for such sites, the bioreduction of sulphate and production of iron sulphides that abiotically degrade chlorinated ethenes acting as a secondary technology following ISCO. This study assesses this approach in the field using hydrochemical and molecular tools, solid phase analysis and geochemical modelling. Following a neutralisation and bioaugmentation, favourable conditions for iron- and sulphate-reducers were created, resulting in a remarkable increase in their relative abundance. The abundance of dechlorinating bacteria (Dehalococcoides mccartyi, Dehalobacter sp. and Desulfitobacterium spp.) remained low throughout this process. The activity of iron- and sulphate-reducers was further stimulated through application of magnetite plus starch and microiron plus starch, resulting in an increase in ferrous iron concentration (from
ENACON s r o Krčská 16 140 00 Prague 4 Czech Republic
Masaryk University Žerotínovo nám 617 9 601 77 Brno Czech Republic
Technical University of Liberec Studentská 2 461 17 Liberec Czech Republic
References provided by Crossref.org
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- $a ISCO using activated sodium persulphate is a widely used technology for treating chlorinated solvent source zones. In sensitive areas, however, high groundwater sulphate concentrations following treatment may be a drawback. In situ biogeochemical transformation, a technology that degrades contaminants via reduced iron minerals formed by microbial activity, offers a potential solution for such sites, the bioreduction of sulphate and production of iron sulphides that abiotically degrade chlorinated ethenes acting as a secondary technology following ISCO. This study assesses this approach in the field using hydrochemical and molecular tools, solid phase analysis and geochemical modelling. Following a neutralisation and bioaugmentation, favourable conditions for iron- and sulphate-reducers were created, resulting in a remarkable increase in their relative abundance. The abundance of dechlorinating bacteria (Dehalococcoides mccartyi, Dehalobacter sp. and Desulfitobacterium spp.) remained low throughout this process. The activity of iron- and sulphate-reducers was further stimulated through application of magnetite plus starch and microiron plus starch, resulting in an increase in ferrous iron concentration (from <LOQ to 337 mg/l), a decrease in sulphate concentration by 74-95% and production of hydrogen sulphide (from <LOQ to 25.9 mg/l). At the same time, a gradual revival of dechlorinators and an increase in ethene concentration was also observed. Tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene concentrations decreased by 98.5-99.98% and 75.4-98.5%, respectively. A decline in chlorine number indicated that biological dechlorination contributed to CVOC removal. This study brings new insights into biogeochemical processes that, when properly engineered, could provide a viable solution for secondary treatment.
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