Objective: To assess the treatment of supracondylar fractures of the distal humerus in children, which were treated in Tomas Bata Hospital, Zlin. To evaluate the results in the context of contemporary studies. Introduction: Study presents the supracondylar fracture. Method: Retrospective study of a group of 228 patients with this type of fracture, treated between the years 2014-2018 in Traumatology department of Tomas Bata Hospital, Zlin. Results: In this group, 4 children underwent closed reduction and splinting in general anesthesia, 95 were operated on, from which 94,5 % urgently (less than 6 hours after first contact with the patient). The prefered method was closed reduction and percutaneous pinning by crossed Ki wires (CRCPP). In 12 cases (12,6 % of the operations) it was necessary to perform an open reduction, mostly from the limited posterior access. In the group of operatively treated children, there have been noticed 20 cases of some neural injury, mostly n. ulnaris (12), both n. ulnaris and medianus (4), n. medianus only (3). There were 2 cases of pale-pulsless hand after the reduction, which led to the revision of the neurovascular structures from the anterior access. None of the children displayed permanent consequences envolving their eve­ryday lives. In minority of cases (14) at the end of the follow-up, persisted slight deficiency of the fle­xion, or slight hyperextension of the elbow, or the combination of both. We have recorded 2 cases of the cubitus varus deformity. In this cohort, there was no incidence of the compartment syndrome nor the Volkmann contracture of the extremity. Conclusion: Supracondylar fracture is a frequent injury with relatively high risk of complications. Some questions of the optimal treatment have still not been answered and need further research.

Tomas Bata Regional Hospital a s Department of Traumatology Zlín