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Helical twist direction in the macrofibrils of keratin fibres is left handed
DP. Harland, V. Novotna, M. Richena, S. Velamoor, M. Bostina, AJ. McKinnon,
Jazyk angličtina Země Spojené státy americké
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články, práce podpořená grantem
- MeSH
- cytoskelet chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- intermediární filamenta chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- keratiny chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ovce genetika MeSH
- tomografie elektronová MeSH
- vlasy, chlupy chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- vlna chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Macrofibrils, the main structural features within the cortical cells of mammalian hair shafts, are long composite bundles of keratin intermediate filaments (KIFs) embedded in a matrix of keratin-associated proteins. The KIFs can be helically arranged around the macrofibril central axis, making a cylinder within which KIF helical angle relative to macrofibril axis increases approximately linearly from macrofibril centre to edge. Mesophase-based self-assembly has been implicated in the early formation of macrofibrils, which first appear as liquid-crystal tactoids in the bulb of hair follicles. Formation appears to be driven initially by interactions between pre-keratinized KIFs. Differences in the nature of these KIF-KIF interactions could result in all macrofibrils being internally twisted in a single handedness, or a 50:50 mixture of handedness within each cortical cell. We data-mined 41 electron tomograms containing three-dimensional macrofibril data from previously published studies of hair and wool. In all 644 macrofibrils examined we found that within each tomogram all macrofibrils had the same handedness. We concluded that earlier reports of left- and right-handed macrofibrils were due to artefacts of imaging or data processing. A handedness marker was used to confirm (using re-imaged sections from earlier studies) that, in both human and sheep, all macrofibrils are left-handed around the macrofibril axis. We conclude that this state is universal within mammalian hair. This also supports the conclusion that the origin of macrofibril twist is the expression of chiral twisting forces between adjacent KIFs, rather than mesophase splay and bending forces relaxing to twisting forces acting within a confined space.
Department Power Electrical and Electronic Engineering Brno Czechia
Food and Bio based Products AgResearch Lincoln Research Centre Lincoln New Zealand
Microbiology and Immunology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
School of Fundamental Sciences Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand
Citace poskytuje Crossref.org
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- $a Harland, Duane P $u Food & Bio-based Products, AgResearch, Lincoln Research Centre, Lincoln, New Zealand. Electronic address: duane.harland@agresearch.co.nz.
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- $a Macrofibrils, the main structural features within the cortical cells of mammalian hair shafts, are long composite bundles of keratin intermediate filaments (KIFs) embedded in a matrix of keratin-associated proteins. The KIFs can be helically arranged around the macrofibril central axis, making a cylinder within which KIF helical angle relative to macrofibril axis increases approximately linearly from macrofibril centre to edge. Mesophase-based self-assembly has been implicated in the early formation of macrofibrils, which first appear as liquid-crystal tactoids in the bulb of hair follicles. Formation appears to be driven initially by interactions between pre-keratinized KIFs. Differences in the nature of these KIF-KIF interactions could result in all macrofibrils being internally twisted in a single handedness, or a 50:50 mixture of handedness within each cortical cell. We data-mined 41 electron tomograms containing three-dimensional macrofibril data from previously published studies of hair and wool. In all 644 macrofibrils examined we found that within each tomogram all macrofibrils had the same handedness. We concluded that earlier reports of left- and right-handed macrofibrils were due to artefacts of imaging or data processing. A handedness marker was used to confirm (using re-imaged sections from earlier studies) that, in both human and sheep, all macrofibrils are left-handed around the macrofibril axis. We conclude that this state is universal within mammalian hair. This also supports the conclusion that the origin of macrofibril twist is the expression of chiral twisting forces between adjacent KIFs, rather than mesophase splay and bending forces relaxing to twisting forces acting within a confined space.
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- $a Novotna, Veronika $u Food & Bio-based Products, AgResearch, Lincoln Research Centre, Lincoln, New Zealand; Department Power Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Brno, Czechia.
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